从 excel 文件读取数据时，出现异常 java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Keys to send should be a not null CharSequ

Question

我正在使用从 Excel 获取的用户名和密码启动应用程序。我在

.sendKeys()

中遇到错误。

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataFormatter;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class Readdata {
    public FileInputStream fileInput;
    static String path;
    public File testdatafile;
    public XSSFWorkbook workbook;
    public XSSFSheet sheet;
    public XSSFRow Row;

    Readdata(String path) {
        this.path = path;
    }

    public static int getRowcount(String sheetname) throws IOException {
        File testDataFile = new File(path);
        FileInputStream fileInput = new FileInputStream(testDataFile);
        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fileInput);
        XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheet(sheetname);
        Row row = sheet.getRow(0);
        int rowCount = sheet.getLastRowNum();
        workbook.close();
        fileInput.close();

        return rowCount;
    }

    public static int getCellCount(String sheetname, int rownum) throws IOException {
        File testDataFile = new File(path);
        FileInputStream fileInput = new FileInputStream(testDataFile);
        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fileInput);
        XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheet(sheetname);
        XSSFRow Row = sheet.getRow(rownum);
        int cellcount = Row.getLastCellNum();
        workbook.close();

        return cellcount;
    }

    public static String getCelldata(String sheetname, int rownum, int colnum) throws IOException {
        File testDataFile = new File(path);
        FileInputStream fileInput = new FileInputStream(testDataFile);
        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fileInput);
        XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheet(sheetname);
        XSSFRow Row = sheet.getRow(rownum);
        XSSFCell cell = Row.getCell(colnum);
        DataFormatter fm = new DataFormatter();
        String data;
        try {
            data = fm.formatCellValue(cell);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            data = "";
        }
        workbook.close();
        fileInput.close();

        return data;
    }
}

启动浏览器并从 Excel 文件读取数据。

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.time.Duration;

public class Excelreader {
    @Test(dataProvider = "DataValidate")
    public static void Admin() throws IOException, InterruptedException, IllegalArgumentException {
        String Un = null;
        String Password = null;
        String exp = null;
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

        driver.get("https://opensource-demo.orangehrmlive.com/web/index.php/auth/login");
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofSeconds(2));
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='username']")).clear();
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        WebElement user = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='username']"));
        user.sendKeys(Un);
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='password']")).clear();
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        WebElement pass = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='password']"));
        pass.sendKeys(Password);
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[@type='submit']")).click();
        String exp_title = "https://opensource-demo.orangehrmlive.com/web/index.php/admin/viewSystemUsers";
        String act_title = driver.getTitle();
        if (exp.equals("Valid")) {
            if (exp_title.equals(act_title)) {
                driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='app']/div[1]/div[1]/header/div[1]/div[2]/ul/li/span/p")).click();
                driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='app']/div[1]/div[1]/header/div[1]/div[2]/ul/li/ul/li[4]/a")).click();
                Assert.assertTrue(true);
            }

        } else if (exp.equals("Invalid")) {
            if (exp_title.equals(act_title)) {
                driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='app']/div[1]/div[1]/header/div[1]/div[2]/ul/li/span/p")).click();
                driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='app']/div[1]/div[1]/header/div[1]/div[2]/ul/li/ul/li[4]/a")).click();
                Assert.assertTrue(false);
            }
        }
    }

    @DataProvider(name = "DataValidate")
    public Object[][] getdata() throws IOException {
        String path = "src/main/resources/Excelfile.xlsx";
        Readdata dt = new Readdata(path);
        int totalrowc = dt.getRowcount("Login");
        int totalc = dt.getCellCount("Login", 1);
        String logindata[][] = new String[totalrowc][totalc];
        for (int i = 1; i < totalrowc; i++) {
            for (int j = 1; j < totalc; j++) {
                logindata[i][j] = dt.getCelldata("Login", i, j);
            }
        }

        return logindata;
    }
}

我尝试了上面的代码，但它在第 26 行给出了错误，即

WebElement user = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='username']"));
user.sendKeys(un);

WebElement pass =  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='password']"));
pass.sendKeys(pw);

Answer 1

您收到的错误（

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Keys to send should be a not null CharSequence

）来自这一行：

        user.sendKeys(Un);

它告诉你

Un

是

null

。

仔细看你的代码，不难看出确实是这样的。代码中唯一提到变量

Un

的另一行是这一行：

        String Un = null;

这声明了变量并将其值设置为

null

。当您到达

user.sendKeys(Un)

行时，该变量的值没有任何变化，因此出现异常。

如果您希望将从 Excel 电子表格读取的值传递到您的测试方法中，那么您需要将它们指定为方法参数：

    public static void Admin(String Un, String Password, String exp) throws IOException, InterruptedException, IllegalArgumentException {

        // declarations of variables Un, Password and exp removed as they are now parameters

        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

        // rest of method ...

最后，您可能需要调整

getdata()

方法以忽略电子表格的标题行。