我用过
owlready2
(https://owlready2.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
)
我正在努力
onto.xml
)我现在有点卡住了。
我尝试了这些例子,但我不明白为什么我必须在python程序中定义类(
https://owlready2.readthedocs.io/en/latest/rule.html
)我尝试了这个,但我已经有了Classes
,ObjectProperties
和我的Individuals
中的onto.xml
。
推理者给出了答案,定义类、对象属性和个体都在 Python 中有效。
我最喜欢的例子是兄弟叔叔们的这种
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/69224096/swrl-rules-in-owl-2/78320189
,很容易理解。
再见
这是一个 basic_reader.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# Owlready2 currently reads the following file format: RDF/XML, OWL/XML, NTriples. The file format is automatically detected.
import argparse
import os
import owlready2 as owl
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument("--ontology", help="ontology file", required=True)
args = parser.parse_args()
path2in = args.ontology
onto = owl.get_ontology(path2in).load()
print(list(onto.classes()))
print(list(onto.individuals()))
适用于文件上的本体
如果您的本体是 ttl 格式,您可以像这样即时转换它:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# Owlready2 currently reads the following file format: RDF/XML, OWL/XML, NTriples. The file format is automatically detected.
import argparse
import os
import owlready2 as owl
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument("--ontology", help="ontology file as a ttl file", required=True)
args = parser.parse_args()
path2in = args.ontology
path2out = path2in.replace(".ttl", ".xml")
cmd2 = f"ontospy ser -f xml {path2in} 2>/dev/null > {path2out}"
os.system(cmd2)
onto = owl.get_ontology(path2out).load()
print(list(onto.classes()))
print(list(onto.individuals()))
我用这个工作示例回复自己:
def main():
"""add a swrl rule."""
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument("--ontology", help="ontology file", required=True)
parser.add_argument(
"--destination", help="destination ontology file", required=True
)
args = parser.parse_args()
input_file = args.ontology
output_file = args.destination
onto = owl.get_ontology(input_file).load()
with onto:
swrl_rule = """ http://maccve/onto#Machine(?m) ^ http://maccve/onto#Package(?p) ^ http://maccve/onto#CVE(?c) ^ http://maccve/onto#mcontains(?m, ?p) ^ http://maccve/onto#has_CVE(?p, ?c) -> http://maccve/onto#contains_CVE(?m, ?c) """
rule = owl.Imp()
rule.set_as_rule(swrl_rule)
onto.save(file=output_file, format="rdfxml")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
所以让我们尝试一下这个本体
@prefix : <http://maccve/onto#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
:Machine a owl:Class .
:CVE a owl:Class .
:Package a owl:Class .
# Machine contains Package
:mcontains a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:domain :Machine ;
rdfs:range :Package .
# Package has_CVE CVE
:has_CVE a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:domain :Package ;
rdfs:range :CVE .
# Cette property est determinée par swrl
:contains_CVE a owl:ObjectProperty ;
rdfs:domain :Machine ;
rdfs:range :CVE .
:www1 a owl:NamedIndividual, :Machine .
:www2 a owl:NamedIndividual, :Machine .
:apache12 a owl:NamedIndividual, :Package .
:apache22 a owl:NamedIndividual, :Package .
:CVE1212 a owl:NamedIndividual, :CVE .
:www1 :mcontains :apache12 .
:www2 :mcontains :apache22 .
:apache22 :has_CVE :CVE1212 .
如果规则有效,它将推断该机器 :www2 :m 包含 :CVE1212
该工具必须在输入中采用 xml,因此在添加规则之前,您必须将其转换为 xml