我想知道如何按自定义顺序而不是按字母顺序对数组进行排序。想象你有这个数组/对象:
var somethingToSort = [{
type: "fruit",
name: "banana"
}, {
type: "candy",
name: "twix"
}, {
type: "vegetable",
name: "broccoli"
}, {
type: "vegetable",
name: "carrot"
}, {
type: "fruit",
name: "strawberry"
}, {
type: "candy",
name: "kitkat"
}, {
type: "fruit",
name: "apple"
}];
这里有3种不同的类型:水果、蔬菜和糖果。现在我想对这个数组进行排序,并确保所有水果都在前面,糖果在水果后面,蔬菜在最后。每种类型都需要按字母顺序对它们的项目进行排序。我们将使用像
sortArrayOnOrder ( ["fruit","candy","vegetable"], "name" );
这样的函数,所以基本上,排序后你会得到这个数组:
var somethingToSort = [{
type: "fruit",
name: "apple"
}, {
type: "fruit",
name: "banana"
}, {
type: "fruit",
name: "strawberry"
}, {
type: "candy",
name: "kitkat"
}, {
type: "candy",
name: "twix"
}, {
type: "vegetable",
name: "broccoli"
}, {
type: "vegetable",
name: "carrot"
}];
有人知道如何为此创建脚本吗?
Cerbrus 代码的改进版本:
var ordering = {}, // map for efficient lookup of sortIndex
sortOrder = ['fruit','candy','vegetable'];
for (var i=0; i<sortOrder.length; i++)
ordering[sortOrder[i]] = i;
somethingToSort.sort( function(a, b) {
return (ordering[a.type] - ordering[b.type]) || a.name.localeCompare(b.name);
});
试试这个:
var sortOrder = ['fruit','candy','vegetable']; // Declare a array that defines the order of the elements to be sorted.
somethingToSort.sort(
function(a, b){ // Pass a function to the sort that takes 2 elements to compare
if(a.type == b.type){ // If the elements both have the same `type`,
return a.name.localeCompare(b.name); // Compare the elements by `name`.
}else{ // Otherwise,
return sortOrder.indexOf(a.type) - sortOrder.indexOf(b.type); // Substract indexes, If element `a` comes first in the array, the returned value will be negative, resulting in it being sorted before `b`, and vice versa.
}
}
);
此外,您的对象声明不正确。而不是:
{
type = "fruit",
name = "banana"
}, // etc
用途:
{
type: "fruit",
name: "banana"
}, // etc
因此,将
=
符号替换为 :
。
对于想要简单地按自定义顺序对字符串数组进行排序的人,请尝试以下功能:
// sorting fn
const applyCustomOrder = (arr, desiredOrder) => {
const orderForIndexVals = desiredOrder.slice(0).reverse();
arr.sort((a, b) => {
const aIndex = -orderForIndexVals.indexOf(a);
const bIndex = -orderForIndexVals.indexOf(b);
return aIndex - bIndex;
});
}
// example use
const orderIWant = ['cat', 'elephant', 'dog'];
const arrayToSort = ['elephant', 'dog', 'cat'];
applyCustomOrder(arrayToSort, orderIWant);
这将按照指定的顺序对数组进行排序。该函数的两个示例输入/输出:
示例1:
const orderIWant = ['cat', 'elephant', 'dog']
const arrayToSort = ['mouse', 'elephant', 'dog', 'cat'];
applyCustomOrder(arrayToSort, orderIWant);
console.log(arrayToSort); // ["cat", "elephant", "dog", "mouse"]
示例2:
const orderIWant = ['cat', 'elephant', 'dog'];
const arrayToSort = ['mouse', 'elephant', 'rabbit', 'dog', 'cat'];
applyCustomOrder(arrayToSort, orderIWant);
console.log(arrayToSort); /* ["cat", "elephant", "dog", "mouse",
"rabbit"] */
let arr =[
{
"type": "fruit",
"name": "banana"
},
{
"type": "candy",
"name": "twix"
},
{
"type": "vegetable",
"name": "broccoli"
},
{
"type": "vegetable",
"name": "carrot"
},
{
"type": "fruit",
"name": "strawberry"
},
{
"type": "candy",
"name": "kitkat"
},
{
"type": "fruit",
"name": "apple"
}
];
const sortObjectArrayByStringKey = (arr = [], key = '') => {
// 1. sort string keys ✅
const sortKeys = arr.map(obj => obj[key]).sort();
console.log(`sortKeys =`, JSON.stringify(sortKeys));
let result = [];
for(let sortKey of sortKeys) {
// 2. custom order objetcs with sortKey 🚀
result.push(arr.find(obj => obj[key] === sortKey))
}
console.log(`result =`, JSON.stringify(result));
return result;
}
// groups
function sortArrayOnOrder(arr, types, key) {
let result = [];
for(let type of types) {
let temp = arr.filter(obj => obj.type === type);
result.push(...sortObjectArrayByStringKey(temp, key));
}
console.log(`result =`, JSON.stringify(result));
return result;
}
sortArrayOnOrder(arr, ["fruit","candy","vegetable"], "name");
// result = [{"type":"fruit","name":"apple"},{"type":"fruit","name":"banana"},{"type":"fruit","name":"strawberry"},{"type":"candy","name":"kitkat"},{"type":"candy","name":"twix"},{"type":"vegetable","name":"broccoli"},{"type":"vegetable","name":"carrot"}]
Array.sort 接受排序函数,您可以在其中应用自定义排序逻辑。