Python-docx：合并外部单元格时单元格边缘消失

Question

我正在使用 python-docx 创建一个所有单元格都有边框的表格。当我合并单元格涉及外部单元格时，一些外部边框会消失。我使用其他 stackoverflow 问题中的函数 - 链接显示为下面代码中的注释 - 来设置单元格边框。如何解决这个问题，以便在合并的单元格中显示外边框？

错误的边界：

良好的边界：

工作示例：

from docx import Document
from docx.oxml.shared import OxmlElement, qn


# from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33069697/how-to-setup-cell-borders-with-python-docx
def set_cell_edges(cell, edges, color, style, width):
    """
     Parameter   Type                 Definition
     =========== ==================== ==========================================================================================
     cell        Cell                 Cell to apply edges
     edges       str, list, None      Cell edges, options are 'top', 'bottom', 'start' and 'end'
     color       str                  Edge color
     style       str                  Edge style, options are 'single', 'dotted', 'dashed', 'dashdotted' and 'double',
     width       int, float           Edge width in points
    """
    kwargs = dict()

    for edge in edges:
        kwargs[edge] = {'sz': width, 'val': style, 'color': color}

    tc = cell._tc
    tcPr = tc.get_or_add_tcPr()

    # check for tag existance, if none found then create one
    tcBorders = tcPr.first_child_found_in("w:tcBorders")
    if tcBorders is None:
        tcBorders = OxmlElement('w:tcBorders')
        tcPr.append(tcBorders)

    # list over all available tags
    for edge in ('start', 'top', 'end', 'bottom', 'insideH', 'insideV'):
        edge_data = kwargs.get(edge)
        if edge_data:
            tag = 'w:{}'.format(edge)

            # check for tag existance, if none found, then create one
            element = tcBorders.find(qn(tag))
            if element is None:
                element = OxmlElement(tag)
                tcBorders.append(element)

            # looks like order of attributes is important
            for key in ["sz", "val", "color", "space", "shadow"]:
                if key in edge_data:
                    element.set(qn('w:{}'.format(key)), str(edge_data[key]))


if __name__ == '__main__':

    rows = 3
    columns = 3

    document = Document()

    # create table
    table = document.add_table(rows=rows, cols=columns)

    # merge cells
    scell = table.rows[1].cells[1]
    ecell = table.rows[2].cells[2]
    scell.merge(ecell)

    # set 4 borders in all cells
    for row in table.rows:
        for cell in row.cells:
            set_cell_edges(cell, ['top', 'bottom', 'start', 'end'], '#ff0000', 'single', 1)

    document.save('test.docx')

当然，我可以设置额外的列和行来设置特定的边框。但如果不用这个技巧就能解决这个问题就好了。技巧示例。

良好的边界与技巧：

if __name__ == '__main__':

    rows = 3
    columns = 3

    document = Document()

    # create table
    table = document.add_table(rows=rows+1, cols=columns+1)

    # merge cells
    scell = table.rows[1].cells[1]
    ecell = table.rows[2].cells[2]
    scell.merge(ecell)

    # set 4 borders in all cells
    for row in table.rows[:-1]:
        for cell in row.cells[:-1]:
            set_cell_edges(cell, ['top', 'bottom', 'start', 'end'], '#ff0000', 'single', 1)

    # set top border in last row
    for cell in table.rows[-1].cells[:-1]:
        set_cell_edges(cell, ['top'], '#ff0000', 'single', 1)

    # set left border in last column
    for cell in table.columns[-1].cells[:-1]:
        set_cell_edges(cell, ['start'], '#ff0000', 'single', 1)

    document.save('test.docx')

Answer 1

也许你应该先绘制边框，然后合并单元格。