错误：Python zlib 扩展未编译。缺少 zlib？

Question

我尝试在我的 Mac（MacBook Air、OSX 12.5 Monterrey、1.6 GHz 双核 Intel Core i5）上使用 Homebrew 和 pyenv 安装 Python 2.7.7，但不断收到此“缺少 zlib”错误。

仅供参考，我做了以下工作：

1. 当我安装 pyenv 时，我运行命令

   nano ~/.bashrc

   （我使用的是 bash shell） - 并粘贴并保存在 /.bashrc --->

   eval "$(pyenv init -)"

2. 然后我跑了

   pyenv install 2.7.7

   （没用，在网上找到了第3步。）

3. CPPFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix zlib)/include" pyenv install -v 2.7.7

   （再次出现同样的错误并执行了步骤 4。）
4. 运行

   brew reinstall zlib

   并覆盖“/.bashrc”

   eval "$(pyenv init -)"

   到：

export PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(pyenv init -)"
eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/zlib/lib -L/usr/local/opt/bzip2/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/zlib/include -I/usr/local/opt/bzip2/include"

-------------错误开始----------------

rm -f /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/bin/python2
(cd /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/bin; ln -s python2.7 python2)
rm -f /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/bin/python2-config
(cd /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/bin; ln -s python2.7-config python2-config)
rm -f /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/bin/python-config
(cd /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/bin; ln -s python2-config python-config)
test -d /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/lib/pkgconfig || /usr/bin/install -c -d -m 755 /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/lib/pkgconfig
rm -f /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/lib/pkgconfig/python2.pc
(cd /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/lib/pkgconfig; ln -s python-2.7.pc python2.pc)
rm -f /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/lib/pkgconfig/python.pc
(cd /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/lib/pkgconfig; ln -s python2.pc python.pc)
rm -f /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/share/man/man1/python2.1
(cd /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/share/man/man1; ln -s python2.7.1 python2.1)
rm -f /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/share/man/man1/python.1
(cd /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/share/man/man1; ln -s python2.1 python.1)
ERROR: The Python zlib extension was not compiled. Missing the zlib?

Please consult to the Wiki page to fix the problem.
https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv/wiki/Common-build-problems


BUILD FAILED (OS X 12.5 using python-build 20180424)

Inspect or clean up the working tree at /var/folders/__/1_b0871s7fl7fpwydg4ycjj80000gn/T/python-build.20220729111901.75727
Results logged to /var/folders/__/1_b0871s7fl7fpwydg4ycjj80000gn/T/python-build.20220729111901.75727.log

Last 10 log lines:
(cd /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/bin; ln -s python2-config python-config)
test -d /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/lib/pkgconfig || /usr/bin/install -c -d -m 755 /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/lib/pkgconfig
rm -f /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/lib/pkgconfig/python2.pc
(cd /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/lib/pkgconfig; ln -s python-2.7.pc python2.pc)
rm -f /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/lib/pkgconfig/python.pc
(cd /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/lib/pkgconfig; ln -s python2.pc python.pc)
rm -f /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/share/man/man1/python2.1
(cd /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/share/man/man1; ln -s python2.7.1 python2.1)
rm -f /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/share/man/man1/python.1
(cd /Users/victor/.pyenv/versions/2.7.7/share/man/man1; ln -s python2.1 python.1)
Victors-MacBook-Air:~ victor$ xcode-select --install
xcode-select: error: command line tools are already installed, use "Software Update" to install updates
Victors-MacBook-Air:~ victor$ 
Victors-MacBook-Air:~ victor$ xcode-select --install
xcode-select: error: command line tools are already installed, use "Software Update" to install updates
Victors-MacBook-Air:~ victor$ 
Victors-MacBook-Air:~ victor$ xcode-select --install
xcode-select: error: command line tools are already installed, use "Software Update" to install updates
Victors-MacBook-Air:~ victor$ 
Victors-MacBook-Air:~ victor$ software update
-bash: software: command not found

------------- 错误结束 -----------------

有什么想法吗？...请告诉我...我将非常感激

Answer 1

使用类似的配置，2018年蒙特利MBA，我遇到了和你一样的问题

pyenv

安装2.7.6

通过在 shell 配置文件中添加以下内容，我能够解决缺失的

zlib

问题：

eval "$(pyenv init -)"
eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"

export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/zlib/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/zlib/include"
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/zlib/lib/pkgconfig"

顺便说一句，由于另一个问题，安装仍然没有完成：

OpenSSL 问题与 OpenSSL 1.0 即将停产有关，更多信息请参见此处。

最后我选择了 2.7.14，它与 OpenSSL 2.0 兼容并且足够适合我的用例。

Answer 2

命令行工具已安装，使用“软件更新”安装更新

这表明您需要使用设置来更新命令行工具。

$ software update
-bash: software: command not found

不存在称为“软件”的命令行。相反，打开系统首选项。然后点击这个：

安装所需的任何更新。

Answer 3

2.7.14版本为我解决了这个异常。谢谢远方的朋友们