如何忽略用户无效输入并重新提示相同的问题？

Question

当用户输入无效值（如字符串或字符）时，程序应忽略它并再次显示上一个问题。到目前为止，我只能在程序捕获无效输入时退出程序。

有效输入是int和“q”，用户决定退出。

 public static void partB() {
 int score = 0;
 int correct = 0;
 int done = 0;
 Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
 try {
     while (true) {
         int num1 = (int) (Math.random() * 20);
         int num2 = (int) ((Math.random() * 20) + 1);
         System.out.printf("%d  %% %d = ?\n", num1, num2);
         if (scan.hasNext("q")) break;
         if (scan.nextInt() == (num1 % num2)) {
             score += 20;
             done += 1;
             correct += 1;
             System.out.println("Correct answer,current score :" + score 
     + ",performance: "
                     + correct + "/" + done);
         } else {
             done += 1;
             System.out.println("Incorrect answer, Current score:" + 
      score
                     + ", performance: " + correct + "/" + done);
         }
     }
 } catch (InputMismatchException e) {
       System.out.println("invalid input"); //but this terminate program

    }
     System.out.println("Finish");
  }

代码应该像这样运行：

18 % 12 = ?
6
Correct answer, Current score: 20, performance: 1/1
14 % 16 = ?
a
Invalid input
14 % 16 = ?
14
Correct answer, Current score: 40, performance: 2/2
20 % 4 = ?
q
Finish.

Answer 1

你需要在try-catch区块内移动while。此外，当有一个InputMismatchException你必须读完线（因为你使用Scanner#nextInt而不是Scanner#nextLine）并设置一个变量（repeatValue）到true。使用此变量，您可以决定是否需要生成新值或使用以前的值。

看到它running here：

public static void main(String[] args) {
    int score = 0;
    int correct = 0;
    int done = 0;
    Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
    boolean repeatValue = false;
    int num1 = 0; // put values outside while in order to re-use them when we need to repeat the same question
    int num2 = 0;
    while (true) {
        try {
            // if the user input was incorrect (repeatValue = true), use old the previous values for num1 and num2
            num1 = repeatValue ? num1 : (int) (Math.random() * 20);
            num2 = repeatValue ? num2 : (int) ((Math.random() * 20) + 1);
            System.out.printf("%d  %% %d = ?\n", num1, num2);
            repeatValue = false;  // restore flag state
            if (scan.hasNext("q"))
                break;
            if (scan.nextInt() == (num1 % num2)) {
                score += 20;
                done += 1;
                correct += 1;
                System.out.println(
                        "Correct answer,current score :" + score + ",performance: " + correct + "/" + done);
            } else {
                done += 1;
                System.out.println(
                        "Incorrect answer, Current score:" + score + ", performance: " + correct + "/" + done);
            }
        } catch (InputMismatchException e) {
            System.out.println("invalid input");
            scan.next();
            repeatValue = true; // flag set to use the same values as before
        }
    }
    System.out.println("Finish");
}

Answer 2

您的try / catch块位于错误的位置。它必须在你的循环中，以避免使用无效输入打破循环：

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    int score = 0;
    int correct = 0;
    int done = 0;
    Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
    while (true) {
      int num1 = (int) (Math.random() * 20);
      int num2 = (int) ((Math.random() * 20) + 1);
      System.out.printf("%d  %% %d = ?\n", num1, num2);
      if (scan.hasNext("q")) break;
      try {
        if (scan.nextInt() == (num1 % num2)) {
          score += 20;
          done += 1;
          correct += 1;
          System.out.println(
              "Correct answer,current score :" + score + ",performance: " + correct + "/" + done);
        } else {
          done += 1;
          System.out.println(
              "Incorrect answer, Current score:"
                  + score
                  + ", performance: "
                  + correct
                  + "/"
                  + done);
        }
      } catch (InputMismatchException e) {
        done += 1;
        scan.nextLine();
        System.out.println("invalid input"); // but this terminate program
      }
    }
    scan.close();
    System.out.println("Finish");
  }

您必须清空catch块中的Scanner以避免无限循环。