如何在typescript和nodejs中正确使用绝对路径？

Question

我知道，很多人都有这个问题，我已经尝试了所有这些选项但仍然有问题，所以让我们看看我的案例：

我想像这样导入我的函数：

import { generateOTP, sendOTP } from 'helpers';

而不是：

import { generateOTP, sendOTP } from '../../helpers';

helpers/

文件夹内部有一个索引，可导出其他文件

export * from './model-helpers';
export * from './routes-helpers';
export * from './controllers-helpers';
export * from './general-use';

在 VSCode 中，已经有了我想要的导入：

import { generateOTP, sendOTP } from 'helpers';

当我点击功能时，我可以直接进入它！ vscode 不显示/抛出任何错误，我可以导航到该函数

但是控制台向我显示此错误：

[nodemon] restarting due to changes...
[nodemon] starting `ts-node src/index.ts`
Error: Cannot find module 'helpers'
Require stack:
- /Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/src/controllers/Auth.controller.ts
- /Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/src/controllers/index.ts
- /Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/src/routes/order.routes.ts
- /Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/src/routes/index.ts
- /Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/src/models/Server.ts
- /Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/src/index.ts
    at Function.Module._resolveFilename (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1077:15)
    at Function.Module._resolveFilename.sharedData.moduleResolveFilenameHook.installedValue [as _resolveFilename] (/Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/node_modules/.pnpm/@[email protected]/node_modules/@cspotcode/source-map-support/source-map-support.js:811:30)
    at Function.Module._load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:922:27)
    at Module.require (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1143:19)
    at require (node:internal/modules/cjs/helpers:121:18)
    at Object.<anonymous> (/Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/src/controllers/Auth.controller.ts:5:1)
    at Module._compile (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1256:14)
    at Module.m._compile (/Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/node_modules/.pnpm/[email protected]_@[email protected][email protected]/node_modules/ts-node/src/index.ts:1618:23)
    at Module._extensions..js (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1310:10)
    at Object.require.extensions.<computed> [as .ts] (/Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/node_modules/.pnpm/[email protected]_@[email protected][email protected]/node_modules/ts-node/src/index.ts:1621:12) {
  code: 'MODULE_NOT_FOUND',
  requireStack: [
    '/Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/src/controllers/Auth.controller.ts',
    '/Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/src/controllers/index.ts',
    '/Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/src/routes/order.routes.ts',
    '/Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/src/routes/index.ts',
    '/Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/src/models/Server.ts',
    '/Users/israelsantiago/Downloads/Code/meraki-projects/hocalis-order-system/api/src/index.ts'
  ]
}
[nodemon] app crashed - waiting for file changes before starting...

不知道该怎么办:(

这是我的 tsconfig.json：

{
    "compilerOptions": {
      "allowJs": true,
      "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,
      "alwaysStrict": true,
      "baseUrl": "./src",            
      "esModuleInterop": true,       
      "forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true,
      "importHelpers": true,
      "module": "nodenext",
      "moduleResolution": "nodenext",
      "noFallthroughCasesInSwitch": true,
      "noImplicitAny": false,        
      "noImplicitReturns": false,
      "noImplicitThis": false,
      "noUnusedLocals": false,
      "noUnusedParameters": false,
      "outDir": "dist",
      "paths": {
        "/*": ["./src/*", "./src"],
      },
      "resolveJsonModule": true,
      "skipLibCheck": true,
      "sourceMap": true,
      "strict": true,                
      "strictNullChecks": false,
      "target": "esnext",
      "types": ["node", "vitest", "express"],
      "useUnknownInCatchVariables": true,
    },
    "include": ["./src/**/*", "./__tests__/**/*"],
    "exclude": ["node_modules", "dist"],
  }

这是我的 .eslintrc.json （以防万一）：

{
    "env": {
        "browser": true,
        "es2021": true,
        "node": true
    },
    "extends": [
        "eslint:recommended",
        "plugin:@typescript-eslint/recommended"
    ],
    "parser": "@typescript-eslint/parser",
    "parserOptions": {
        "ecmaVersion": "latest",
        "sourceType": "module"
    },
    "plugins": [
        "@typescript-eslint"
    ],
    "rules": {
        "linebreak-style": [
            "error",
            "unix"
        ],
        "quotes": [
            "error",
            "single"
        ],
        "semi": [
            "error",
            "always"
        ],
        // "sort-imports": ["error", {
        //     "ignoreCase": false,
        //     "ignoreDeclarationSort": false,
        //     "ignoreMemberSort": false,
        //     "memberSyntaxSortOrder": ["single", "all", "multiple", "none"],
        //     "allowSeparatedGroups": true
        // }],
        "sort-vars": ["error", { "ignoreCase": true }]
    }
}

package.json（以防万一）：

{
  "name": "hocalis_order_system_api",
  "version": "0.1.0",
  "description": "",
  "main": "index.js",
  "scripts": {
    "build": "tsc -p .",
    "commit": "pnpm run lint:fix && pnpm run test && git add . && pnpm run cz && git push",
    "cz": "npx cz-customizable",
    "dev": "nodemon src/index.ts",
    "lint:fix": "pnpm run lint --fix",
    "lint": "eslint src --ext .ts",
    "start": "node build/index.js",
    "test:watch": "vitest --reporter verbose",
    "test": "vitest --run"
  },
  "keywords": [],
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "dependencies": {
    "bcrypt": "^5.1.1",
    "bcryptjs": "2.4.3",
    "body-parser": "1.20.2",
    "cloudinary": "1.36.1",
    "cors": "2.8.5",
    "date-fns": "2.29.3",
    "dotenv": "16.0.3",
    "express": "4.18.2",
    "express-session": "1.17.3",
    "express-validator": "7.0.1",
    "jsonwebtoken": "9.0.0",
    "mongoose": "^6.12.0",
    "morgan": "^1.10.0",
    "mysql2": "3.2.3",
    "node-mailjet": "^6.0.4",
    "otp-generator": "^4.0.1",
    "sequelize": "6.31.0",
    "short-uuid": "^4.2.2",
    "twilio": "^4.16.0",
    "uuid": "9.0.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@tsconfig/recommended": "^1.0.2",
    "@types/bcrypt": "^5.0.0",
    "@types/bcryptjs": "2.4.2",
    "@types/body-parser": "^1.19.2",
    "@types/cors": "2.8.13",
    "@types/express": "4.17.17",
    "@types/express-session": "1.17.7",
    "@types/jsonwebtoken": "9.0.1",
    "@types/morgan": "^1.9.5",
    "@types/node": "18.15.13",
    "@types/sequelize": "4.28.14",
    "@types/supertest": "^2.0.12",
    "@types/uuid": "9.0.1",
    "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "5.59.0",
    "@typescript-eslint/parser": "5.59.0",
    "cz-customizable": "7.0.0",
    "eslint": "8.39.0",
    "supertest": "^6.3.3",
    "ts-node": "10.9.1",
    "tslib": "^2.6.2",
    "tslint": "6.1.3",
    "typescript": "5.0.4",
    "vitest": "^0.34.3",
    "winston": "^3.10.0"
  }
}

最后，我的项目文件夹结构如下所示：

有人知道发生了什么事吗？

Answer 1

您可以删除

      "paths": {
        "/*": ["./src/*", "./src"],
      },

或将 baseUrl 设置为

'.'

而不是

'./src'

Answer 2

您可以更新您的 tsconfig 路径 以包含

helpers

参考（假设

src/helpers

）：

"paths": {
  "/*": ["./src/*", "./src"],
  "helpers*": ["./src/helpers/*", "./src/helpers/index"],
},

然后您可以使用

import {} from 'helpers'

导入