我已经看到一些hacks试图让bcp实用程序导出列名和数据。如果我所做的只是将表转储到文本文件中，那么使用bcp添加列标题的最简单的方法是什么？
这是我目前使用的bcp命令：
bcp myschema.dbo.myTableout myTable.csv /SmyServer01 /c /t, -T
最简单的方法是使用queryout选项并使用union all将列列表与实际表格内容相关联
bcp "select 'col1', 'col2',... union all select * from myschema.dbo.myTableout" queryout myTable.csv /SmyServer01 /c /t, -T
一个例子：
create table Question1355876
(id int, name varchar(10), someinfo numeric)
insert into Question1355876
values (1, 'a', 123.12)
, (2, 'b', 456.78)
, (3, 'c', 901.12)
, (4, 'd', 353.76)
此查询将返回标题为第一行的信息。 （注意数值的强制转换）
select 'col1', 'col2', 'col3'
union all
select cast(id as varchar(10)), name, cast(someinfo as varchar(28))
from Question1355876
bcp命令将是：
bcp "select 'col1', 'col2', 'col3' union all select cast(id as varchar(10)), name, cast(someinfo as varchar(28)) from Question1355876" queryout myTable.csv /SmyServer01 /c /t, -T
您应该能够使用一个cte视图和一个包含bcp代码的批处理文件来解决此问题。首先创建视图。既然，它相对直接，我没有创建临时表，通常我这样做
CREATE VIEW [dbo].[vwxMySAMPLE_EXTRACT_COLUMNS]
AS
WITH MYBCP_CTE (COLUMN_NM, ORD_POS, TXT)
AS
( SELECT COLUMN_NAME
, ORDINAL_POSITION
, CAST(COLUMN_NAME AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM [INFORMATION_SCHEMA].[COLUMNS]
WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'xMySAMPLE_EXTRACT_NEW'
AND ORDINAL_POSITION = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT V.COLUMN_NAME
, V.ORDINAL_POSITION
, CAST(C.TXT + '|' + V.COLUMN_NAME AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM [INFORMATION_SCHEMA].[COLUMNS] V INNER JOIN MYBCP_CTE C
ON V.ORDINAL_POSITION = C.ORD_POS+1
AND V.ORDINAL_POSITION > 1
WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'xMySAMPLE_EXTRACT_NEW'
)
SELECT CC.TXT
FROM MYBCP_CTE CC INNER JOIN ( SELECT MAX(ORD_POS) AS MX_CNT
FROM MYBCP_CTE C
) SC
ON CC.ORD_POS = SC.MX_CNT
现在，创建批处理文件。我在Temp目录中创建了这个，但我很懒。
cd\
CD "C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn"
set buildhour=%time: =0%
set buildDate=%DATE:~4,10%
set backupfiledate=%buildDate:~6,4%%buildDate:~0,2%%buildDate:~3,2%%time:~0,2%%time:~3,2%%time:~6,2%
echo %backupfiledate%
pause
上面的代码只是创建了一个附加到文件末尾的日期..接下来，第一个带有递归cte视图的bcp语句将它们连接在一起。
bcp "SELECT * FROM [dbo].[vwxMYSAMPLE_EXTRACT_COLUMNS] OPTION (MAXRECURSION 300)" queryout C:\Temp\Col_NM%backupfiledate%.txt -c -t"|" -S MYSERVERTOLOGINTO -T -q
bcp "SELECT * FROM [myDBName].[dbo].[vwxMYSAMPLE_EXTRACT_NEW] " queryout C:\Temp\3316_PHYSDATA_ALL%backupfiledate%.txt -c -t"|" -S MYSERVERTOLOGINTO -T -q
现在使用copy命令将它们合并在一起
copy C:\Temp\Col_NM%backupfiledate%.txt + C:\Temp\3316_PHYSDATA_ALL%backupfiledate%.txt C:\Temp\3316_PHYSDATA_ALL%backupfiledate%.csv
搞定
最新版本的sqlcmd添加了-w选项以删除字段值后的额外空格;但是，它不会在字符串周围加上引号，这在导入包含逗号的字段值时可能是CSV上的问题。
我根据之前看到的版本得到了一个版本。创建CSV或TXT的导出文件对我帮助很大。我正在将表存储到## Temp Table中：
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..##TmpExportFile') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE ##TmpExportFile;
DECLARE @columnHeader VARCHAR(8000)
DECLARE @raw_sql nvarchar(3000)
SELECT
* INTO ##TmpExportFile
------ FROM THE TABLE RESULTS YOU WANT TO GET
------ COULD BE A TABLE OR A TEMP TABLE BASED ON INNER JOINS
------ ,ETC.
FROM TableName -- optional WHERE ....
DECLARE @table_name VARCHAR(50) = '##TmpExportFile'
SELECT
@columnHeader = COALESCE(@columnHeader + ',', '') + '''[' + c.name + ']''' + ' as ' + '' + c.name + ''
FROM tempdb.sys.columns c
INNER JOIN tempdb.sys.tables t
ON c.object_id = t.object_id
WHERE t.NAME = @table_name
print @columnheader
DECLARE @ColumnList VARCHAR(max)
SELECT
@ColumnList = COALESCE(@ColumnList + ',', '') + 'CAST([' + c.name + '] AS CHAR(' + LTRIM(STR(max_length)) + '))'
FROM tempdb.sys.columns c
INNER JOIN tempdb.sys.tables t
ON c.object_id = t.object_id
WHERE t.name = @table_name
print @ColumnList
--- CSV FORMAT
SELECT
@raw_sql = 'bcp "SELECT ' + @columnHeader + ' UNION all SELECT ' + @ColumnList + ' FROM ' + @table_name + ' " queryout \\networkdrive\networkfolder\datafile.csv -c -t, /S' + ' SQLserverName /T'
--PRINT @raw_sql
EXEC xp_cmdshell @raw_sql
--- TXT FORMAT
SET @raw_sql = 'bcp "SELECT ' + @columnHeader + ' UNION all SELECT ' + @ColumnList + ' FROM ' + @table_name + ' " queryout \\networkdrive\networkfolder\MISD\datafile.txt /c /S'+ ' SQLserverName /T'
EXEC xp_cmdshell @raw_sql
DROP TABLE ##TmpExportFile
我用以下代码成功实现了这一点。将下面的代码放在SQL Server新查询窗口中并尝试
CREATE TABLE tempDBTableDetails ( TableName VARCHAR(500), [RowCount] VARCHAR(500), TotalSpaceKB VARCHAR(500),
UsedSpaceKB VARCHAR(500), UnusedSpaceKB VARCHAR(500) )
-- STEP 1 ::
DECLARE @cmd VARCHAR(4000)
INSERT INTO tempDBTableDetails
SELECT 'TableName', 'RowCount', 'TotalSpaceKB', 'UsedSpaceKB', 'UnusedSpaceKB'
INSERT INTO tempDBTableDetails
SELECT
S.name +'.'+ T.name as TableName,
Convert(varchar,Cast(SUM(P.rows) as Money),1) as [RowCount],
Convert(varchar,Cast(SUM(a.total_pages) * 8 as Money),1) AS TotalSpaceKB,
Convert(varchar,Cast(SUM(a.used_pages) * 8 as Money),1) AS UsedSpaceKB,
(SUM(a.total_pages) - SUM(a.used_pages)) * 8 AS UnusedSpaceKB
FROM sys.tables T
INNER JOIN sys.partitions P ON P.OBJECT_ID = T.OBJECT_ID
INNER JOIN sys.schemas S ON T.schema_id = S.schema_id
INNER JOIN sys.allocation_units A ON p.partition_id = a.container_id
WHERE T.is_ms_shipped = 0 AND P.index_id IN (1,0)
GROUP BY S.name, T.name
ORDER BY SUM(P.rows) DESC
-- SELECT * FROM [FIINFRA-DB-SIT].dbo.tempDBTableDetails ORDER BY LEN([RowCount]) DESC
SET @cmd = 'bcp "SELECT * FROM [FIINFRA-DB-SIT].dbo.tempDBTableDetails ORDER BY LEN([RowCount]) DESC" queryout "D:\Milind\export.xls" -U sa -P dbowner -c'
Exec xp_cmdshell @cmd
--DECLARE @HeaderCmd VARCHAR(4000)
--SET @HeaderCmd = 'SELECT ''TableName'', ''RowCount'', ''TotalSpaceKB'', ''UsedSpaceKB'', ''UnusedSpaceKB'''
exec master..xp_cmdshell 'BCP "SELECT ''TableName'', ''RowCount'', ''TotalSpaceKB'', ''UsedSpaceKB'', ''UnusedSpaceKB''" queryout "d:\milind\header.xls" -U sa -P dbowner -c'
exec master..xp_cmdshell 'copy /b "d:\Milind\header.xls"+"d:\Milind\export.xls" "d:/Milind/result.xls"'
exec master..xp_cmdshell 'del "d:\Milind\header.xls"'
exec master..xp_cmdshell 'del "d:\Milind\export.xls"'
DROP TABLE tempDBTableDetails
请在下面找到另一种方法来做同样的事情。此过程还会引用参数模式名称，以防您需要它来访问您的表。
CREATE PROCEDURE Export_Data_NBA
@TableName nchar(50),
@TableSchema nvarchar(50) = ''
AS
DECLARE @TableToBeExported as nvarchar(50);
DECLARE @OUTPUT TABLE (col1 nvarchar(max));
DECLARE @colnamestable VARCHAR(max);
select @colnamestable = COALESCE(@colnamestable, '') +COLUMN_NAME+ ','
from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS where TABLE_NAME = @TableName
order BY ORDINAL_POSITION
SELECT @colnamestable = LEFT(@colnamestable,DATALENGTH(@colnamestable)-1)
INSERT INTO @OUTPUT
select @colnamestable
DECLARE @selectstatement VARCHAR(max);
select @selectstatement = COALESCE(@selectstatement, '') + 'Convert(nvarchar(100),'+COLUMN_NAME+')+'',''+'
from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS where TABLE_NAME = @TableName
order BY ORDINAL_POSITION
SELECT @selectstatement = LEFT(@selectstatement,DATALENGTH(@selectstatement)-1)
DECLARE @sqlstatment as nvarchar(max);
SET @TableToBeExported = @TableSchema+'.'+@TableToBeExported
SELECT @sqlstatment = N'Select '+@selectstatement+N' from '+@TableToBeExported
INSERT INTO @OUTPUT
exec sp_executesql @stmt = @sqlstatment
SELECT * from @OUTPUT
使用一点PowerShell脚本
sqlcmd -Q "set nocount on select top 0 * from [DB].[schema].[table]" -o c:\temp\header.txt
bcp [DB].[schema].[table] out c:\temp\query.txt -c -T -S BRIZA
Get-Content c:\temp\*.txt | Set-Content c:\temp\result.txt
Remove-Item c:\temp\header.txt
Remove-Item c:\temp\query.txt警告串联遵循txt文件名（按字母顺序）
此方法使用BCP自动使用行数据输出列名称。
该脚本为列标题写入一个文件（从INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS表中读取），然后使用表数据附加另一个文件。
最终输出结合到TableData.csv中，其中包含标题和行数据。只需替换顶部的环境变量即可指定服务器，数据库和表名称。
set BCP_EXPORT_SERVER=put_my_server_name_here
set BCP_EXPORT_DB=put_my_db_name_here
set BCP_EXPORT_TABLE=put_my_table_name_here
BCP "DECLARE @colnames VARCHAR(max);SELECT @colnames = COALESCE(@colnames + ',', '') + column_name from %BCP_EXPORT_DB%.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS where TABLE_NAME='%BCP_EXPORT_TABLE%'; select @colnames;" queryout HeadersOnly.csv -c -T -S%BCP_EXPORT_SERVER%
BCP %BCP_EXPORT_DB%.dbo.%BCP_EXPORT_TABLE% out TableDataWithoutHeaders.csv -c -t, -T -S%BCP_EXPORT_SERVER%
set BCP_EXPORT_SERVER=
set BCP_EXPORT_DB=
set BCP_EXPORT_TABLE=
copy /b HeadersOnly.csv+TableDataWithoutHeaders.csv TableData.csv
del HeadersOnly.csv
del TableDataWithoutHeaders.csv
请注意，如果需要提供凭据，请将-T选项替换为-U my_username -P my_password
此方法的优点是始终使用INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS使列名与表同步。缺点是它会创建临时文件。微软应该真正修复bcp实用程序以支持这一点。
一个很好的选择是SqlCmd，因为它确实包含头文件，但它的缺点是在数据周围添加空间填充以便人类可读。您可以将SqlCmd与GnuWin32 sed（流编辑）实用程序结合使用以清除结果。这是一个对我有用的例子，虽然我不能保证它是防弹的。
首先，导出数据：
sqlcmd -S Server -i C:\Temp\Query.sql -o C:\Temp\Results.txt -s" "
-s" "是双引号中的制表符。我发现您必须通过批处理文件运行此命令，否则Windows命令提示符会将该选项卡视为自动完成命令，并将替换文件名代替选项卡。
如果Query.sql包含：
SELECT name, object_id, type_desc, create_date
FROM MSDB.sys.views
WHERE name LIKE 'sysmail%'
然后你会在Results.txt中看到类似的东西
name object_id type_desc create_date ------------------------------------------- ----------- ------------------- ----------------------- sysmail_allitems 2001442204 VIEW 2012-07-20 17:38:27.820 sysmail_sentitems 2017442261 VIEW 2012-07-20 17:38:27.837 sysmail_unsentitems 2033442318 VIEW 2012-07-20 17:38:27.850 sysmail_faileditems 2049442375 VIEW 2012-07-20 17:38:27.860 sysmail_mailattachments 2097442546 VIEW 2012-07-20 17:38:27.933 sysmail_event_log 2129442660 VIEW 2012-07-20 17:38:28.040 (6 rows affected)
接下来，使用sed解析文本：
sed -r "s/ +\t/\t/g" C:\Temp\Results.txt | sed -r "s/\t +/\t/g" | sed -r "s/(^ +| +$)//g" | sed 2d | sed $d | sed "/^$/d" > C:\Temp\Results_New.txt
请注意，2d命令表示删除第二行，$d命令表示删除最后一行，"/^$/d"删除任何空行。
清理过的文件看起来像这样（虽然我用|替换了标签，所以可以在这里看到它们）：
name|object_id|type_desc|create_date sysmail_allitems|2001442204|VIEW|2012-07-20 17:38:27.820 sysmail_sentitems|2017442261|VIEW|2012-07-20 17:38:27.837 sysmail_unsentitems|2033442318|VIEW|2012-07-20 17:38:27.850 sysmail_faileditems|2049442375|VIEW|2012-07-20 17:38:27.860 sysmail_mailattachments|2097442546|VIEW|2012-07-20 17:38:27.933 sysmail_event_log|2129442660|VIEW|2012-07-20 17:38:28.040
我最近想知道如何做到这一点，虽然我喜欢顶部最流行的解决方案，但它根本不适合我，因为我需要将名称作为我在脚本中输入的别名，所以我使用了一些批处理文件（在同事的帮助下）完成自定义表名。
启动bcp的批处理文件在脚本底部有一行代码，该代码执行另一个脚本，该脚本将模板文件与头名称和使用下面的代码使用bcp导出的文件合并。希望这可以帮助处于我的情况中的其他人。
echo Add headers from template file to exported sql files....
Echo School 0031
copy e:\genin\templates\TEMPLATE_Courses.csv + e:\genin\0031\courses0031.csv e:\genin\finished\courses0031.csv /b
我遇到了同样的问题。我需要使用SQL server bcp utility导出列标题。这样我就可以一次性将带有数据的表“headers”导出到相同的导出文件中。
DECLARE @table_name VARCHAR(50) ='mytable' DECLARE @columnHeader VARCHAR(8000) SELECT @columnHeader = COALESCE(@columnHeader+',' ,'')+ ''''+column_name +'''' FROM Nal2013.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_NAME=@table_name SELECT @raw_sql = 'bcp "SELECT '+ @columnHeader +' UNION ALL SELECT * FROM mytable" queryout c:\datafile.csv -c -t, -T -S '+ @@servername EXEC xp_cmdshell @raw_sql
快乐编码:)
据我所知，BCP只导出数据 - 我认为没有办法让它导出带有列名的标题行。
解决此问题的一种常见技术是使用实际数据的视图进行导出，这基本上会在两个语句中执行UNION ALL：
然后在该视图上使用bcp，而不是直接使用基础数据表。
渣
这是一个非常简单的存储过程，也可以解决这个问题。
CREATE PROCEDURE GetBCPTable
@table_name varchar(200)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @raw_sql nvarchar(3000)
DECLARE @columnHeader VARCHAR(8000)
SELECT @columnHeader = COALESCE(@columnHeader+',' ,'')+ ''''+column_name +'''' FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_NAME = @table_name
DECLARE @ColumnList VARCHAR(8000)
SELECT @ColumnList = COALESCE(@ColumnList+',' ,'')+ 'CAST('+column_name +' AS VARCHAR)' FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_NAME = @table_name
SELECT @raw_sql = 'SELECT '+ @columnHeader +' UNION ALL SELECT ' + @ColumnList + ' FROM ' + @table_name
--PRINT @raw_SQL
EXECUTE sp_executesql @raw_sql
END
GO
每个人的版本做的事情都有所不同。这是我多年来开发的版本。这个版本似乎解释了我遇到的所有问题。只需将数据集填充到表中，然后将表名传递给此存储过程。
我将此存储过程称为：
EXEC @return_value = *DB_You_Create_The_SP_In*.[dbo].[Export_CSVFile]
@DB = N'*YourDB*',
@TABLE_NAME = N'*YourTable*',
@Dir = N'*YourOutputDirectory*',
@File = N'*YourOutputFileName*'
还有另外两个变量：
这将创建存储过程：
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[Export_CSVFile]
(@DB varchar(128),@TABLE_NAME varchar(128), @Dir varchar(255), @File varchar(250),@NULLBLANKS bit=1,@IncludeHeader bit=1)
AS
DECLARE @CSVHeader varchar(max)='' --CSV Header
, @CmdExc varchar(max)='' --EXEC commands
, @SQL varchar(max)='' --SQL Statements
, @COLUMN_NAME varchar(128)='' --Column Names
, @DATA_TYPE varchar(15)='' --Data Types
DECLARE @T table (COLUMN_NAME varchar(128),DATA_TYPE varchar(15))
--BEGIN Ensure Dir variable has a backslash as the final character
IF NOT RIGHT(@Dir,1) = '\' BEGIN SET @Dir=@Dir+'\' END
--END
--BEGIN Drop TEMP Table IF Exists
SET @SQL='IF (EXISTS (SELECT * FROM '+@DB+'.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_NAME = ''TEMP_'+@TABLE_NAME+''')) BEGIN EXEC(''DROP TABLE ['+@DB+'].[dbo].[TEMP_'+@TABLE_NAME+']'') END'
EXEC(@SQL)
--END
SET @SQL='SELECT COLUMN_NAME,DATA_TYPE FROM '+@DB+'.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_NAME ='''+@TABLE_NAME+''' ORDER BY ORDINAL_POSITION'
INSERT INTO @T
EXEC (@SQL)
SET @SQL=''
WHILE exists(SELECT * FROM @T)
BEGIN
SELECT top(1) @DATA_TYPE=DATA_TYPE,@COLUMN_NAME=COLUMN_NAME FROM @T
IF @DATA_TYPE LIKE '%char%' OR @DATA_TYPE LIKE '%text'
BEGIN
IF @NULLBLANKS = 1
BEGIN
SET @SQL+='CASE PATINDEX(''%[0-9,a-z]%'','+@COLUMN_NAME+') WHEN ''0'' THEN NULL ELSE ''"''+RTRIM(LTRIM('+@COLUMN_NAME+'))+''"'' END AS ['+@COLUMN_NAME+'],'
END
ELSE
BEGIN
SET @SQL+='''"''+RTRIM(LTRIM('+@COLUMN_NAME+'))+''"'' AS ['+@COLUMN_NAME+'],'
END
END
ELSE
BEGIN SET @SQL+=@COLUMN_NAME+',' END
SET @CSVHeader+='"'+@COLUMN_NAME+'",'
DELETE top(1) @T
END
IF LEN(@CSVHeader)>1 BEGIN SET @CSVHeader=RTRIM(LTRIM(LEFT(@CSVHeader,LEN(@CSVHeader)-1))) END
IF LEN(@SQL)>1 BEGIN SET @SQL= 'SELECT '+ LEFT(@SQL,LEN(@SQL)-1) + ' INTO ['+@DB+'].[dbo].[TEMP_'+@TABLE_NAME+'] FROM ['+@DB+'].[dbo].['+@TABLE_NAME+']' END
EXEC(@SQL)
IF @IncludeHeader=0
BEGIN
--BEGIN Create Data file
SET @CmdExc ='BCP "'+@DB+'.dbo.TEMP_'+@TABLE_NAME+'" out "'+@Dir+'Data_'+@TABLE_NAME+'.csv" /c /t, -T'
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell @CmdExc
--END
SET @CmdExc ='del '+@Dir+@File EXEC master..xp_cmdshell @CmdExc
SET @CmdExc ='ren '+@Dir+'Data_'+@TABLE_NAME+'.csv '+@File EXEC master..xp_cmdshell @CmdExc
END
else
BEGIN
--BEGIN Create Header and main file
SET @CmdExc ='echo '+@CSVHeader+'> '+@Dir+@File EXEC master..xp_cmdshell @CmdExc
--END
--BEGIN Create Data file
SET @CmdExc ='BCP "'+@DB+'.dbo.TEMP_'+@TABLE_NAME+'" out "'+@Dir+'Data_'+@TABLE_NAME+'.csv" /c /t, -T'
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell @CmdExc
--END
--BEGIN Merge Data File With Header File
SET @CmdExc = 'TYPE '+@Dir+'Data_'+@TABLE_NAME+'.csv >> '+@Dir+@File EXEC master..xp_cmdshell @CmdExc
--END
--BEGIN Delete Data File
SET @CmdExc = 'DEL /q '+@Dir+'Data_'+@TABLE_NAME+'.csv' EXEC master..xp_cmdshell @CmdExc
--END
END
--BEGIN Drop TEMP Table IF Exists
SET @SQL='IF (EXISTS (SELECT * FROM '+@DB+'.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_NAME = ''TEMP_'+@TABLE_NAME+''')) BEGIN EXEC(''DROP TABLE ['+@DB+'].[dbo].[TEMP_'+@TABLE_NAME+']'') END'
EXEC(@SQL)