在.NET中，是否有一种方法（例如事件）用于检测控制台应用程序何时退出？我需要清理一些线程和 COM 对象。
我正在从控制台应用程序运行消息循环，没有表单。我正在使用的 DCOM 组件似乎要求应用程序泵送消息。
我尝试向 Process.GetCurrentProcess.Exited 和 Process.GetCurrentProcess.Dispose 添加处理程序。
我还尝试向 Application.ApplicationExit 和 Application.ThreadExit 事件添加处理程序，但它们没有触发。也许这是因为我没有使用表格。
ProcessExitAppDomainclass Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.ProcessExit += new EventHandler(CurrentDomain_ProcessExit);
// do some work
}
static void CurrentDomain_ProcessExit(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine("exit");
}
}
更新
这是一个完整的示例程序，其中一个空的“消息泵”在单独的线程上运行，允许用户在控制台中输入退出命令以正常关闭应用程序。在 MessagePump 中的循环之后，您可能希望以良好的方式清理线程使用的资源。出于以下几个原因，在那里比在 ProcessExit 中执行此操作更好：
这是代码：
class Program
{
private static bool _quitRequested = false;
private static object _syncLock = new object();
private static AutoResetEvent _waitHandle = new AutoResetEvent(false);
static void Main(string[] args)
{
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.ProcessExit += new EventHandler(CurrentDomain_ProcessExit);
// start the message pumping thread
Thread msgThread = new Thread(MessagePump);
msgThread.Start();
// read input to detect "quit" command
string command = string.Empty;
do
{
command = Console.ReadLine();
} while (!command.Equals("quit", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase));
// signal that we want to quit
SetQuitRequested();
// wait until the message pump says it's done
_waitHandle.WaitOne();
// perform any additional cleanup, logging or whatever
}
private static void SetQuitRequested()
{
lock (_syncLock)
{
_quitRequested = true;
}
}
private static void MessagePump()
{
do
{
// act on messages
} while (!_quitRequested);
_waitHandle.Set();
}
static void CurrentDomain_ProcessExit(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine("exit");
}
}
这是一个完整、非常简单的 .NET 解决方案，适用于所有版本的 Windows。只需将其粘贴到新项目中，运行它并尝试 Ctrl + C 查看它是如何处理的：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
namespace TestTrapCtrlC{
public class Program{
static bool exitSystem = false;
#region Trap application termination
[DllImport("Kernel32")]
private static extern bool SetConsoleCtrlHandler(EventHandler handler, bool add);
private delegate bool EventHandler(CtrlType sig);
static EventHandler _handler;
enum CtrlType {
CTRL_C_EVENT = 0,
CTRL_BREAK_EVENT = 1,
CTRL_CLOSE_EVENT = 2,
CTRL_LOGOFF_EVENT = 5,
CTRL_SHUTDOWN_EVENT = 6
}
private static bool Handler(CtrlType sig) {
Console.WriteLine("Exiting system due to external CTRL-C, or process kill, or shutdown");
//do your cleanup here
Thread.Sleep(5000); //simulate some cleanup delay
Console.WriteLine("Cleanup complete");
//allow main to run off
exitSystem = true;
//shutdown right away so there are no lingering threads
Environment.Exit(-1);
return true;
}
#endregion
static void Main(string[] args) {
// Some biolerplate to react to close window event, CTRL-C, kill, etc
_handler += new EventHandler(Handler);
SetConsoleCtrlHandler(_handler, true);
//start your multi threaded program here
Program p = new Program();
p.Start();
//hold the console so it doesn’t run off the end
while(!exitSystem) {
Thread.Sleep(500);
}
}
public void Start() {
// start a thread and start doing some processing
Console.WriteLine("Thread started, processing..");
}
}
}
该应用程序是一个服务器，它会一直运行，直到系统关闭或收到 Ctrl + C 或控制台窗口关闭为止。
由于应用程序的特殊性，“优雅”退出是不可行的。 （我可能可以编写另一个应用程序来发送“服务器关闭”消息，但这对于一个应用程序来说有点过大，并且对于某些情况（例如服务器（实际上是操作系统）实际关闭时）仍然不够。）
由于这些情况，我添加了一个“ConsoleCtrlHandler”，我可以在其中停止线程并清理 COM 对象等...
Public Declare Auto Function SetConsoleCtrlHandler Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal Handler As HandlerRoutine, ByVal Add As Boolean) As Boolean
Public Delegate Function HandlerRoutine(ByVal CtrlType As CtrlTypes) As Boolean
Public Enum CtrlTypes
CTRL_C_EVENT = 0
CTRL_BREAK_EVENT
CTRL_CLOSE_EVENT
CTRL_LOGOFF_EVENT = 5
CTRL_SHUTDOWN_EVENT
End Enum
Public Function ControlHandler(ByVal ctrlType As CtrlTypes) As Boolean
.
.clean up code here
.
End Function
Public Sub Main()
.
.
.
SetConsoleCtrlHandler(New HandlerRoutine(AddressOf ControlHandler), True)
.
.
End Sub
这个设置似乎很完美。这里是一些 C# 代码的链接，用于相同的事情。
对于 CTRL+C 情况，您可以使用以下命令：
// Tell the system console to handle CTRL+C by calling our method that
// gracefully shuts down.
Console.CancelKeyPress += new ConsoleCancelEventHandler(Console_CancelKeyPress);
static void Console_CancelKeyPress(object sender, ConsoleCancelEventArgs e)
{
Console.WriteLine("Shutting down...");
// Cleanup here
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(750);
}
如果您使用控制台应用程序并且正在发送消息，则可以使用 WM_QUIT 消息。
基于@user79755解决方案的最小版本：
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Threading;
namespace TestConsoleApp {
internal class Program {
private static bool notStoped = true;
private delegate bool CloseEventHandler(int sig);
[DllImport("Kernel32")]
private static extern bool SetConsoleCtrlHandler(CloseEventHandler handler, bool add);
static void Main(string[] args) {
SetConsoleCtrlHandler(Handler, true);
Console.WriteLine("Don't press Enter...");
Console.WriteLine("Just close the app");
while (Console.ReadLine() != null);
//wait for terminate
do {
Thread.Sleep(100);
} while(notStoped);
}
protected static bool Handler(int sig) {
Console.WriteLine("It's closing now");
Thread.Sleep(2000);
Console.WriteLine("Almost done");
Thread.Sleep(1000);
notStoped = false;
return true;
}
}
}