我需要获取运行程序时刚刚创建的所有进程的句柄或 PID。
到目前为止，我已经使用了这段代码，每次创建进程时都会告诉我。问题是我只获取有关创建的进程的信息，但没有有关进程本身的任何信息。 https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa390425(VS.85).aspx
这是我获取事件的功能，但我不知道从哪里可以获得新流程的信息：
HRESULT EventSink::Indicate(long lObjectCount,
IWbemClassObject **apObjArray)
{
HRESULT hres = S_OK;
for (int i = 0; i < lObjectCount; i++)
{
printf("Event occurred\n");
}
return WBEM_S_NO_ERROR;
}
谢谢你
由于您正在使用此 WQL 语句
SELECT * FROM __InstanceCreationEvent WITHIN 1 WHERE TargetInstance ISA 'Win32_Process'TargetInstanceWin32_Process尝试这个示例
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <conio.h>
#ifndef EVENTSINK_H
#define EVENTSINK_H
#define _WIN32_DCOM
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <comdef.h>
#include <Wbemidl.h>
# pragma comment(lib, "wbemuuid.lib")
class EventSink : public IWbemObjectSink
{
LONG m_lRef;
bool bDone;
public:
EventSink() { m_lRef = 0; }
~EventSink() { bDone = true; }
virtual ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE AddRef();
virtual ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE Release();
virtual HRESULT
STDMETHODCALLTYPE QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void** ppv);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Indicate(
LONG lObjectCount,
IWbemClassObject __RPC_FAR *__RPC_FAR *apObjArray
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetStatus(
/* [in] */ LONG lFlags,
/* [in] */ HRESULT hResult,
/* [in] */ BSTR strParam,
/* [in] */ IWbemClassObject __RPC_FAR *pObjParam
);
};
#endif // end of EventSink.h
ULONG EventSink::AddRef()
{
return InterlockedIncrement(&m_lRef);
}
ULONG EventSink::Release()
{
LONG lRef = InterlockedDecrement(&m_lRef);
if (lRef == 0)
delete this;
return lRef;
}
HRESULT EventSink::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void** ppv)
{
if (riid == IID_IUnknown || riid == IID_IWbemObjectSink)
{
*ppv = (IWbemObjectSink *) this;
AddRef();
return WBEM_S_NO_ERROR;
}
else return E_NOINTERFACE;
}
HRESULT EventSink::Indicate(long lObjectCount,
IWbemClassObject **apObjArray)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
_variant_t vtProp;
for (int i = 0; i < lObjectCount; i++)
{
hr = apObjArray[i]->Get(_bstr_t(L"TargetInstance"), 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);
if (!FAILED(hr))
{
IUnknown* str = vtProp;
hr = str->QueryInterface(IID_IWbemClassObject, reinterpret_cast< void** >(&apObjArray[i]));
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
_variant_t cn;
hr = apObjArray[i]->Get(L"Caption", 0, &cn, NULL, NULL);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
if ((cn.vt == VT_NULL) || (cn.vt == VT_EMPTY))
wcout << "Caption : " << ((cn.vt == VT_NULL) ? "NULL" : "EMPTY") << endl;
else
if ((cn.vt & VT_ARRAY))
wcout << "Caption : " << "Array types not supported (yet)" << endl;
else
wcout << "Caption : " << cn.bstrVal << endl;
}
VariantClear(&cn);
hr = apObjArray[i]->Get(L"CommandLine", 0, &cn, NULL, NULL);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
if ((cn.vt == VT_NULL) || (cn.vt == VT_EMPTY))
wcout << "CommandLine : " << ((cn.vt == VT_NULL) ? "NULL" : "EMPTY") << endl;
else
if ((cn.vt & VT_ARRAY))
wcout << "CommandLine : " << "Array types not supported (yet)" << endl;
else
wcout << "CommandLine : " << cn.bstrVal << endl;
}
VariantClear(&cn);
hr = apObjArray[i]->Get(L"Handle", 0, &cn, NULL, NULL);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
if ((cn.vt == VT_NULL) || (cn.vt == VT_EMPTY))
wcout << "Handle : " << ((cn.vt == VT_NULL) ? "NULL" : "EMPTY") << endl;
else
if ((cn.vt & VT_ARRAY))
wcout << "Handle : " << "Array types not supported (yet)" << endl;
else
wcout << "Handle : " << cn.bstrVal << endl;
}
VariantClear(&cn);
}
}
VariantClear(&vtProp);
}
return WBEM_S_NO_ERROR;
}
HRESULT EventSink::SetStatus(
/* [in] */ LONG lFlags,
/* [in] */ HRESULT hResult,
/* [in] */ BSTR strParam,
/* [in] */ IWbemClassObject __RPC_FAR *pObjParam
)
{
if (lFlags == WBEM_STATUS_COMPLETE)
{
printf("Call complete. hResult = 0x%X\n", hResult);
}
else if (lFlags == WBEM_STATUS_PROGRESS)
{
printf("Call in progress.\n");
}
return WBEM_S_NO_ERROR;
} // end of EventSink.cpp
int main(int iArgCnt, char ** argv)
{
HRESULT hres;
// Step 1: --------------------------------------------------
// Initialize COM. ------------------------------------------
hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Failed to initialize COM library. Error code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 2: --------------------------------------------------
// Set general COM security levels --------------------------
// Note: If you are using Windows 2000, you need to specify -
// the default authentication credentials for a user by using
// a SOLE_AUTHENTICATION_LIST structure in the pAuthList ----
// parameter of CoInitializeSecurity ------------------------
hres = CoInitializeSecurity(
NULL,
-1, // COM negotiates service
NULL, // Authentication services
NULL, // Reserved
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT, // Default authentication
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // Default Impersonation
NULL, // Authentication info
EOAC_NONE, // Additional capabilities
NULL // Reserved
);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Failed to initialize security. Error code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
CoUninitialize();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 3: ---------------------------------------------------
// Obtain the initial locator to WMI -------------------------
IWbemLocator *pLoc = NULL;
hres = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemLocator, 0, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID *)&pLoc);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Failed to create IWbemLocator object. "
<< "Err code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
CoUninitialize();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 4: ---------------------------------------------------
// Connect to WMI through the IWbemLocator::ConnectServer method
IWbemServices *pSvc = NULL;
// Connect to the local root\cimv2 namespace
// and obtain pointer pSvc to make IWbemServices calls.
hres = pLoc->ConnectServer(
_bstr_t(L"root\\CIMV2"),
NULL,
NULL,
0,
NULL,
0,
0,
&pSvc
);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Could not connect. Error code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
cout << "Connected to root\\CIMV2 WMI namespace" << endl;
// Step 5: --------------------------------------------------
// Set security levels on the proxy -------------------------
hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(
pSvc, // Indicates the proxy to set
RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT, // RPC_C_AUTHN_xxx
RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE, // RPC_C_AUTHZ_xxx
NULL, // Server principal name
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL, // RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_xxx
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_xxx
NULL, // client identity
EOAC_NONE // proxy capabilities
);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Could not set proxy blanket. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 6: -------------------------------------------------
// Receive event notifications -----------------------------
// Use an unsecured apartment for security
IUnsecuredApartment* pUnsecApp = NULL;
hres = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_UnsecuredApartment, NULL, CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnsecuredApartment, (void**)&pUnsecApp);
EventSink* pSink = new EventSink;
pSink->AddRef();
IUnknown* pStubUnk = NULL;
pUnsecApp->CreateObjectStub(pSink, &pStubUnk);
IWbemObjectSink* pStubSink = NULL;
pStubUnk->QueryInterface(IID_IWbemObjectSink, (void **)&pStubSink);
_bstr_t WQL = L"Select * From __InstanceCreationEvent Within 1 "
L"Where TargetInstance ISA 'Win32_Process' "
;
// The ExecNotificationQueryAsync method will call
// The EventQuery::Indicate method when an event occurs
hres = pSvc->ExecNotificationQueryAsync(
_bstr_t("WQL"), WQL, WBEM_FLAG_SEND_STATUS, NULL, pStubSink);
// Check for errors.
if (FAILED(hres))
{
printf("ExecNotificationQueryAsync failed with = 0x%X\n", hres);
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
pUnsecApp->Release();
pStubUnk->Release();
pSink->Release();
pStubSink->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1;
}
// Wait for the event
cout << "Press any key to terminate" << endl;
while (!_kbhit()) {}
hres = pSvc->CancelAsyncCall(pStubSink);
// Cleanup
// ========
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
pUnsecApp->Release();
pStubUnk->Release();
pSink->Release();
pStubSink->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 0; // Program successfully completed.
}
上面的示例似乎在 EventSink::Indicate 内部存在内存泄漏。
IUnknown* str = vtProp;
此赋值使用 _variant_t 类的运算符 IUnknown*，它隐式调用对象上的 AddRef()。所以str->Release()需要在使用后调用，因为
VariantClear(&vtProp);
不足以减少对象的引用计数。
接受了 KRUZ 发布的 答案：
并用它制作了一个实际的事件调度程序：
ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher.h：
#pragma once
#include <functional>
#include <vector>
#include <Wbemidl.h>
#include <wrl.h>
using namespace Microsoft::WRL;
class ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher : public IWbemObjectSink {
public:
ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher();
~ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher();
ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE AddRef() override;
ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE Release() override;
HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void** ppv) override;
HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE Indicate(LONG lObjectCount, IWbemClassObject __RPC_FAR* __RPC_FAR* apObjArray) override;
HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetStatus(LONG lFlags, HRESULT hResult, BSTR strParam, IWbemClassObject __RPC_FAR* pObjParam) override;
using NewProcessCreatedListener = void(HANDLE ProcessHandle);
std::vector<std::function<NewProcessCreatedListener>> NewProcessCreatedListeners{};
private:
LONG m_lRef{};
ComPtr<IWbemServices> pSvc{};
ComPtr<IWbemLocator> pLoc{};
ComPtr<IUnsecuredApartment> pUnsecApp{};
ComPtr<IUnknown> pStubUnk{};
ComPtr<IWbemObjectSink> pStubSink{};
};
ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher.cpp：
#include "ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher.h"
# pragma comment(lib, "wbemuuid.lib")
#include <iostream>
#include <functional>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#define _WIN32_DCOM
#include <Windows.h>
#include <comdef.h>
#include <Wbemidl.h>
#include <wrl.h>
using namespace std;
using namespace Microsoft::WRL;
ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher::ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher() {
HRESULT hres;
// Step 1: --------------------------------------------------
// Initialize COM. ------------------------------------------
hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
if(FAILED(hres)) {
cout << "Failed to initialize COM library. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
return; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 2: --------------------------------------------------
// Set general COM security levels --------------------------
// Note: If you are using Windows 2000, you need to specify -
// the default authentication credentials for a user by using
// a SOLE_AUTHENTICATION_LIST structure in the pAuthList ----
// parameter of CoInitializeSecurity ------------------------
hres = CoInitializeSecurity(NULL,
-1, // COM negotiates service
NULL, // Authentication services
NULL, // Reserved
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT, // Default authentication
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // Default Impersonation
NULL, // Authentication info
EOAC_NONE, // Additional capabilities
NULL // Reserved
);
if(FAILED(hres)) {
cout << "Failed to initialize security. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
CoUninitialize();
return; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 3: ---------------------------------------------------
// Obtain the initial locator to WMI -------------------------
hres = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemLocator, 0, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID*)pLoc.GetAddressOf());
if(FAILED(hres)) {
cout << "Failed to create IWbemLocator object. " << "Err code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
CoUninitialize();
return; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 4: ---------------------------------------------------
// Connect to WMI through the IWbemLocator::ConnectServer method
// Connect to the local root\cimv2 namespace
// and obtain pointer pSvc to make IWbemServices calls.
hres = pLoc->ConnectServer(_bstr_t(L"root\\CIMV2"),
NULL,
NULL,
0,
NULL,
0,
0,
&pSvc
);
if(FAILED(hres)) {
cout << "Could not connect. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return; // Program has failed.
}
cout << "Connected to root\\CIMV2 WMI namespace" << endl;
// Step 5: --------------------------------------------------
// Set security levels on the proxy -------------------------
hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(pSvc.Get(), // Indicates the proxy to set
RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT, // RPC_C_AUTHN_xxx
RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE, // RPC_C_AUTHZ_xxx
NULL, // Server principal name
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL, // RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_xxx
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_xxx
NULL, // client identity
EOAC_NONE // proxy capabilities
);
if(FAILED(hres)) {
cout << "Could not set proxy blanket. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 6: -------------------------------------------------
// Receive event notifications -----------------------------
// Use an unsecured apartment for security
hres = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_UnsecuredApartment, NULL, CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnsecuredApartment, (void**)&pUnsecApp);
this->ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher::AddRef();
pUnsecApp->CreateObjectStub(this, &pStubUnk);
pStubUnk->QueryInterface(IID_IWbemObjectSink, &pStubSink);
_bstr_t WQL = L"Select * From __InstanceCreationEvent Within 1 "
L"Where TargetInstance ISA 'Win32_Process' ";
// The ExecNotificationQueryAsync method will call
// The EventQuery::Indicate method when an event occurs
hres = pSvc->ExecNotificationQueryAsync(_bstr_t("WQL"), WQL, WBEM_FLAG_SEND_STATUS, NULL, pStubSink.Get());
// Check for errors.
if(FAILED(hres)) {
printf("ExecNotificationQueryAsync failed with = 0x%X\n", hres);
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
pUnsecApp->Release();
pStubUnk->Release();
this->ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher::Release();
pStubSink->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
}
ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher::~ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher() {
auto Result = pSvc->CancelAsyncCall(pStubSink.Get());
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
pUnsecApp->Release();
pStubUnk->Release();
this->ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher::Release();
pStubSink->Release();
CoUninitialize();
}
ULONG ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher::AddRef() {
return InterlockedIncrement(&m_lRef);
}
ULONG ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher::Release() {
LONG lRef = InterlockedDecrement(&m_lRef);
if(lRef == 0)
delete this;
return lRef;
}
HRESULT ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void** ppv) {
if(riid == IID_IUnknown || riid == IID_IWbemObjectSink) {
*ppv = (IWbemObjectSink*)this;
AddRef();
return WBEM_S_NO_ERROR;
}
else return E_NOINTERFACE;
}
HRESULT ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher::Indicate(long lObjectCount, IWbemClassObject** apObjArray) {
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
_variant_t vtProp;
std::string ProcessHandleString{};
for(int i = 0; i < lObjectCount; i++) {
hr = apObjArray[i]->Get(_bstr_t(L"TargetInstance"), 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);
if(!FAILED(hr)) {
ComPtr<IUnknown> str = static_cast<IUnknown*>(vtProp);
hr = str->QueryInterface(IID_IWbemClassObject, reinterpret_cast<void**>(&apObjArray[i]));
if(SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
_variant_t cn;
hr = apObjArray[i]->Get(L"Handle", 0, &cn, NULL, NULL);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
if((cn.vt == VT_NULL) || (cn.vt == VT_EMPTY))
std::cout << "Handle : " << ((cn.vt == VT_NULL) ? "NULL" : "EMPTY") << endl;
else if((cn.vt & VT_ARRAY))
std::cout << "Handle : " << "Array types not supported (yet)" << endl;
else {
std::wstring WideProcessHandle = std::wstring(cn.bstrVal);
ProcessHandleString = std::string(WideProcessHandle.begin(), WideProcessHandle.end());
for(auto& NewProcessCreatedListener : NewProcessCreatedListeners) {
NewProcessCreatedListener(reinterpret_cast<void*>(std::stoul(ProcessHandleString, nullptr)));
}
}
}
VariantClear(&cn);
}
}
VariantClear(&vtProp);
}
return WBEM_S_NO_ERROR;
}
HRESULT ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher::SetStatus(
/* [in] */ LONG lFlags,
/* [in] */ HRESULT hResult,
/* [in] */ BSTR strParam,
/* [in] */ IWbemClassObject __RPC_FAR* pObjParam
) {
if(lFlags == WBEM_STATUS_COMPLETE) {
printf("Call complete. hResult = 0x%X\n", hResult);
}
else if(lFlags == WBEM_STATUS_PROGRESS) {
printf("Call in progress.\n");
}
return WBEM_S_NO_ERROR;
} // end of EventSink.cpp
这个类的使用非常简单：
#include <conio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include "ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher.h"
int main(int iArgCnt, char** argv) {
ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher{};
ProcessCreatedEventDispatcher.NewProcessCreatedListeners.emplace_back([](auto ProcessHandle) {
std::cout << "New Process Handle: " << std::hex << "0x" << ProcessHandle << std::endl;
std::flush(std::cout);
});
// Wait for key press to exit the program
std::cout << "Press any key to terminate" << std::endl;
while(!_kbhit()) {}
return 0; // Program successfully completed.
}
有什么好处吗？我会说是的：模块化、RAII 和基本观察者设计模式。