如何删除MySQL中的重音？

Question

我刚刚编制了一个包含100万个地名的数据库。我将在一个自动完成的小部件中使用它来查找城市。很多这些地方都有重音......当用户输入没有重音的名字时，我希望能够找到记录。

为了做到这一点，我得到了第二列，其中包含名称的非重音副本。其中许多记录仍然是空白的，所以我想编写一个查询来填充它们。这是否可以直接在MySQL中进行？如果是这样，怎么样？

Answer 1

如果为列设置了适当的排序规则，则字段中的值将自然地与其非重音等效值进行比较。

mysql> SET NAMES 'utf8' COLLATE 'utf8_unicode_ci';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT 'é' = 'e';
+------------+
| 'é' = 'e' |
+------------+
|          1 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.05 sec)

Answer 2

我有同样的问题，所以我写了一个基于PHP脚本的查询列表，我必须删除重音并制作SEO友好的URL：

也许你想添加其他特殊字符，例如$或£符号......

UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Š','S');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'š','s');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ð','Dj');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ž','Z');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ž','z');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'À','A');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Á','A');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Â','A');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ã','A');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ä','A');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Å','A');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Æ','A');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ç','C');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'È','E');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'É','E');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ê','E');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ë','E');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ì','I');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Í','I');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Î','I');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ï','I');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ñ','N');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ò','O');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ó','O');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ô','O');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Õ','O');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ö','O');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ø','O');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ù','U');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ú','U');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Û','U');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ü','U');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ý','Y');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Þ','B');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ß','Ss');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'à','a');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'á','a');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'â','a');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ã','a');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ä','a');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'å','a');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'æ','a');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ç','c');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'è','e');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'é','e');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ê','e');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ë','e');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ì','i');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'í','i');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'î','i');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ï','i');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ð','o');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ñ','n');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ò','o');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ó','o');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ô','o');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'õ','o');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ö','o');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ø','o');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ù','u');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ú','u');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'û','u');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ý','y');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ý','y');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'þ','b');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ÿ','y');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ƒ','f');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'.',' ');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,' ','-');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'--','-');

UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ě','e');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ž','z');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'š','s');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'č','c');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ř','r');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ď','d');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ť','t');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ň','n');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ů','u');

UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ě','E');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ž','Z');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Š','S');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Č','C');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ř','R');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ď','D');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ť','T');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ň','N');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ů','U');

UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = LOWER(COLUMN);

Answer 3

我分享这可能会有所帮助....：

DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS `remove_accents`;

DELIMITER //
CREATE FUNCTION `remove_accents`(`str` TEXT)
    RETURNS text
    LANGUAGE SQL
    DETERMINISTIC
    NO SQL
    SQL SECURITY INVOKER
    COMMENT ''

BEGIN

    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Š','S');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'š','s');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ð','Dj');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ž','Z');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ž','z');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'À','A');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Á','A');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Â','A');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ã','A');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ä','A');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Å','A');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Æ','A');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ç','C');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'È','E');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'É','E');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ê','E');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ë','E');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ì','I');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Í','I');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Î','I');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ï','I');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ñ','N');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ò','O');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ó','O');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ô','O');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Õ','O');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ö','O');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ø','O');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ù','U');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ú','U');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Û','U');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ü','U');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ý','Y');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Þ','B');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ß','Ss');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'à','a');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'á','a');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'â','a');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ã','a');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ä','a');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'å','a');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'æ','a');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ç','c');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'è','e');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'é','e');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ê','e');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ë','e');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ì','i');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'í','i');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'î','i');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ï','i');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ð','o');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ñ','n');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ò','o');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ó','o');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ô','o');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'õ','o');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ö','o');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ø','o');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ù','u');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ú','u');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'û','u');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ý','y');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ý','y');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'þ','b');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ÿ','y');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ƒ','f');


    RETURN str;
END
//
DELIMITER ;

Answer 4

drop function if exists fn_remove_accents;
delimiter |
create function fn_remove_accents( textvalue varchar(20000) )
returns varchar(20000)
begin

set @textvalue = textvalue;

-- ACCENTS
set @withaccents = 'ŠšŽžÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÑÒÓÔÕÖØÙÚÛÜÝŸÞàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïñòóôõöøùúûüýÿþƒ';
set @withoutaccents = 'SsZzAAAAAAACEEEEIIIINOOOOOOUUUUYYBaaaaaaaceeeeiiiinoooooouuuuyybf';
set @count = length(@withaccents);

while @count > 0 do
    set @textvalue = replace(@textvalue, substring(@withaccents, @count, 1), substring(@withoutaccents, @count, 1));
    set @count = @count - 1;
end while;

-- SPECIAL CHARS
set @special = '!@#$%¨&*()_+=§¹²³£¢¬"`´{[^~}]<,>.:;?/°ºª+*|\\''';
set @count = length(@special);
while @count > 0 do
    set @textvalue = replace(@textvalue, substring(@special, @count, 1), '');
    set @count = @count - 1;
end while;

return @textvalue;

end
|

Answer 5

这是一个简单的解决方案，只需一个查询：

UPDATE `my_table` SET alias = lower(name),
alias = replace(alias,'Š','S'),
alias = replace(alias,'š','s'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ð','Dj'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ž','Z'),
alias = replace(alias,'ž','z'),
alias = replace(alias,'À','A'),
alias = replace(alias,'Á','A'),
alias = replace(alias,'Â','A'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ã','A'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ä','A'),
alias = replace(alias,'Å','A'),
alias = replace(alias,'Æ','A'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ç','C'),
alias = replace(alias,'È','E'),
alias = replace(alias,'É','E'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ê','E'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ë','E'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ì','I'),
alias = replace(alias,'Í','I'),
alias = replace(alias,'Î','I'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ï','I'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ñ','N'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ò','O'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ó','O'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ô','O'),
alias = replace(alias,'Õ','O'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ö','O'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ø','O'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ù','U'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ú','U'),
alias = replace(alias,'Û','U'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ü','U'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ý','Y'),  
alias = replace(alias,'š','s'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ð','Dj')
alias = replace(alias,'ž','z'),
alias = replace(alias,'Þ','B'),
alias = replace(alias,'ß','Ss'),
alias = replace(alias,'à','a'),
alias = replace(alias,'á','a'),
alias = replace(alias,'â','a'),
alias = replace(alias,'ã','a'),
alias = replace(alias,'ä','a'),
alias = replace(alias,'å','a'),
alias = replace(alias,'æ','a'),
alias = replace(alias,'ç','c'),
alias = replace(alias,'è','e'),
alias = replace(alias,'é','e'),
alias = replace(alias,'ê','e'),
alias = replace(alias,'ë','e'),
alias = replace(alias,'ì','i'),
alias = replace(alias,'í','i'),
alias = replace(alias,'î','i'),
alias = replace(alias,'ï','i'),
alias = replace(alias,'ð','o'),
alias = replace(alias,'ñ','n'),
alias = replace(alias,'ò','o'),
alias = replace(alias,'ó','o'),
alias = replace(alias,'ô','o'),
alias = replace(alias,'õ','o'),
alias = replace(alias,'ö','o'),
alias = replace(alias,'ø','o'),
alias = replace(alias,'ù','u'),
alias = replace(alias,'ú','u'),
alias = replace(alias,'û','u'),
alias = replace(alias,'ý','y'),
alias = replace(alias,'ý','y'),
alias = replace(alias,'þ','b'),
alias = replace(alias,'ÿ','y'),
alias = replace(alias,'ƒ','f'),
alias = replace(alias, 'œ', 'oe'),
alias = trim(alias);

在这个例子中：

'my_table'是表的名称，
'name'是原始字段
'alias'是新字段

希望能帮助到你！

如果您尝试使用mysql：Easy way of generating a slug name column from the name column?生成slug字段，也可以检查此变体

Answer 6

我想知道MariaDB的带有utf8_unicode_ci的REGEXP_REPLACE(col, 'e', 'e')是否会同时执行所有es。

Answer 7

user3245067的解决方案很棒，但它使用会话变量。这是带有局部变量的解决方案，也是mysql 5.5的DETERMINISTIC关键字。在mysql-5.5中使用德语umlaute进行测试。

drop function if exists fn_remove_accents;
delimiter $$
create function fn_remove_accents( param_textvalue varchar(20000) )
returns varchar(20000) DETERMINISTIC
begin

DECLARE var_textvalue VARCHAR(20000);
DECLARE var_withaccents VARCHAR(50);
DECLARE var_withoutaccents VARCHAR(50);
DECLARE var_count INT;
DECLARE var_special INT;

set var_textvalue = param_textvalue;

-- ACCENTS
set var_withaccents = 'ŠšŽžÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÑÒÓÔÕÖØÙÚÛÜÝŸÞàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïñòóôõöøùúûüýÿþƒ';
set var_withoutaccents = 'SsZzAAAAAAACEEEEIIIINOOOOOOUUUUYYBaaaaaaaceeeeiiiinoooooouuuuyybf';
set var_count = length(var_withaccents);

while var_count > 0 do
    set var_textvalue = replace(var_textvalue, substring(var_withaccents, var_count, 1), substring(var_withoutaccents, var_count, 1));
    set var_count = var_count - 1;
end while;

-- SPECIAL CHARS
set var_special = '!var_#$%¨&*()_+=§¹²³£¢¬"`´{[^~}]<,>.:;?/°ºª+*|\\''';
set var_count = length(var_special);
while var_count > 0 do
    set var_textvalue = replace(var_textvalue, substring(var_special, var_count, 1), '');
    set var_count = var_count - 1;
end while;

return var_textvalue;

end$$

delimiter ;

Answer 8

查看CONVERT()和CAST()：http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/charset-convert.html上的MySQL手册

CONVERT（）提供了一种在不同字符集之间转换数据的方法。语法是：

CONVERT(expr USING transcoding_name)

如何删除MySQL中的重音？

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如何删除MySQL中的重音？

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