Tkinter，xlwt，尝试编辑已在循环中创建的复选按钮

Question

这是我在tkinter中的寄存器代码的一部分，该寄存器也使用xlwt，xlutils和xlrd（Excel模块）。它从文件中获取名称，并在这些名称旁边创建带有“当前”复选框的名称列表：

https://imgur.com/a/hTrhWFy

我想保存检查按钮的打开和关闭值，以便我可以将它们放在excel电子表格中，但是因为我已经在循环中创建了它们，所以变量对于所有它们都是相同的，因此，如果我添加它，并单击它们，它们都打开和关闭。

有人知道如何解决此问题吗？

    x=0
    y=1
    for line in open(register,"r"):
        with open(register,"r") as file:
            all_lines=file.readlines()
        Label(registersuccess,text=all_lines[x].strip("\n")).grid(column=0,row=x)
        Checkbutton(registersuccess,text="Present").grid(column=1,row=x)
        listeesheet.write(x,0,all_lines[x].strip("\n"))

        entrysheet.write(y,0,all_lines[x].strip("\n"))
        entrywb.save(filename)
        x=x+1
        y=y+1

Answer 1

如果要在循环外保存一个checkbutton的值，它将看起来像这样：

present = tk.IntVar()
tk.Checkbutton(root, text="Present", variable=present)

[这将创建一个新的Tkinter Variable，当按下复选按钮时，它等于1，而当未选中它时，它等于0（可以使用参数offvalue和onvalue进行更改。

如果要在循环中执行相同的操作，我们将所有checkbutton变量放入字典中，如下所示：

import tkinter as tk # recommended over the use of "from tkinter import *"
root = tk.Tk()

def get_present():
    for name, present in register_dict.items(): # searches through the dictionary, and puts the persons name into the variable name and the checkbutton variable into the present variable
        print(name, present.get()) # present.get() gets the current value of a tkinter variable

register = "names.txt" # Use your own text file
with open(register,"r") as file: # moved outside of the loop to prevent the system reloading the file every time - saves time
        all_lines=file.readlines()
registersuccess = tk.Frame(root) # Use your own registersuccess Frame/Window
registersuccess.grid(row=0, column=0)
x=0
y=1
register_dict = {} # creates an empty dictionary 
for line in open(register,"r"): # for each line in the register
    name = all_lines[x].strip("\n") # get the current name and remove the enter key

    tk.Label(registersuccess,text=name).grid(column=0,row=x) # Add a label with the name
    register_dict[name] = tk.IntVar() # places into the register dictionary the key: name, and a new integer  
    tk.Checkbutton(registersuccess,text="Present", variable=register_dict[name]).grid(column=1,row=x) # on a checkbutton change the variable will be updated accordingly

    x += 1 # A more python way to write x = x + 1
    y += 1

tk.Button(registersuccess, command=get_present, text="Print Present").grid(column=0, row=x, rowspan=2) # Prints the values (can be removed for your project)
root.mainloop()

可以通过使用列表all lines：而不是重新打开文件来进一步优化此代码：

for line in all_lines:
    name = line.strip("\n")

此后机器上的计时如下：

$ python3 optimized.py
real    0m0.312s
user    0m0.073s
sys     0m0.013s
$ python3 unoptimized.py
real    0m0.318s
user    0m0.059s
sys     0m0.030s

要在其中查看的导入数字是用户看到效果所需的时间长度和sys time的数量（优化的代码快将近3倍）