在R中，人口金字塔的ggplot：如何在翻转坐标后将轴附近的标签与geom_bar geom_label对齐

Question

我正在使用ggplot制作某种人口金字塔（plotrix不允许我制作精美的标签等），然后从带有标签的geom_bar开始，然后翻转坐标。可悲的是，标签几乎看不到。我想将这些标签移到中间的“ y轴”附近，该标签现在显示了年龄组。数据在这里：

d <- data.frame(age.grp2 = c("1-10", "11-20", "21-30", "31-40", "41-50", "1-10", "11-20", "21-30", "31-40", "41-50"), 
                sex = c("Female","Female","Female","Female","Female","Male","Male","Male","Male","Male" ),
                n.enroll = c(288,500,400,300,200,300,460,300,200,300),
                proportion = c(17.1,29.6,23.7,17.8,11.8,51,47.9,42.9,40,60),
                proportion2 = c(-17.1,-29.6,-23.7,-17.8,-11.8,51,47.9,42.9,40,60))

我的代码是这样的：

ggplot(d, aes(x = age.grp2, y = proportion2, fill = sex)) +
    geom_bar(position = position_dodge(width=1), stat='identity') + 
    geom_label(aes(label = paste(n.enroll," (",proportion,"%)", sep=""), group = factor(sex)), 
               fill="white", colour = "black", 
               position= position_dodge(width=1), 
               size = 3) +
    scale_fill_manual(values=c("#BFD5E3", "grey")) + 
    facet_share(~sex, dir = "h", scales = "free", reverse_num = TRUE) +
    coord_flip() +
    theme(panel.grid.major = element_blank(), 
          panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
          #panel.border = element_blank(),
          panel.background = element_blank(),
          legend.position = "none",
          #axis.line.x  = element_line(color = "black"),
          axis.ticks.y = element_blank(),
          axis.text.x  = element_text(colour = "black", size = 8, face = "bold", angle=0, hjust=0.5),
          axis.text.y  = element_text(colour = "black", size = 8, face = "bold"),
          axis.title.x = element_text(size = 14,  face="bold", margin = margin(t = 30, r = 20, b = 10, l = 20)),
          plot.margin  = unit(c(1,1,1,1),"cm")) + 
    labs(y = "Enrollment percentage within sex",x="")

我还要附上情节，在这里我们可以看到女性中11-20岁年龄段的标签被剪掉了。我希望所有标签都靠近年龄组标签，在每个栏中：女性标签向右移动，男性标签向左移动。另外，我希望每个x轴都延伸到100％或至少在相同的范围内，女性达到30％，男性达到60％。感谢您的所有评论

Answer 1

这里是使用基本ggplot软件包的最小解决方案，无需进行大多数格式化。关键部分是在y = ...部分中添加条件geom_label(aes())：

d %>% 
  mutate(
    label = str_c(n.enroll, " (", proportion, "%)"),
    label_loc = if_else(sex == "Female", -9.5, 3),
    proportion_for_chart = if_else(sex == "Female", -proportion, proportion)
  ) %>% 
  ggplot(aes(x = age.grp2, y = proportion_for_chart, fill = sex)) +
  geom_col(show.legend = FALSE) +
  geom_label(aes(y = label_loc, label = label), size = 3, fill = "white", hjust = 0) +
  coord_flip() +
  facet_wrap(~ sex, scales = "free") +
  theme(
    axis.title = element_blank()
  )

[只要有可能，我都会尝试调整数据的形状并使用geom_col，而不是尝试通过geom_bar来幸运。您应该能够在y调用中使用geom_label的不同硬编码值，以根据格式和图像尺寸/比例为标签固定正确的位置。