如何在ShowMessage中显示表格？

问题描述 投票：0回答：3

我正在尝试使用 ShowMessage 显示一个表格，如下所示：

short            | Description for "short"
verylongtext     | Description for "verylongtext"

如何在简单的消息对话框中获得两个正确对齐的列？

我尝试使用空格对齐列，但 ShowMessage 的字体是可变的。然后我尝试使用制表符对齐它们，但我不知道如何计算每行正确的制表符计数。

有可靠的方法来计算标签数吗？

PS：我想避免为此目的编写自定义对话框。

delphi fonts dialog delphi-2007
3个回答
10
投票

您也可以在自定义对话框中使用列表视图。

我的班级支持标准的 Windows 图标（和声音）：信息、警告、错误、确认、无。这是无图标版本：

使用方便：

TTableDialog.ShowTable
  (
    Self,
    'Audio Properties',
    ['Duration', 'Samples per channel', 'Total data size', 'Channels', 'Bits per sample', 'Sample rate', 'Bitrate'],
    ['1 h 15 min 0 s', '216 000 000', '824 MB', '1', '32', '48 kHz', '1 536 kbit/sec'],
    mtInformation
  )

它支持 DPI 缩放（高 DPI）以及从 Windows XP（它也可能适用于 Windows 2000，我只是还没有测试）到 Windows 10 的所有 Windows 版本：

该表是一个列表视图，因此您可以获得它的所有好处，例如滚动条、截断省略号和工具提示：

您还可以指定对话框的大小以使其适合内容：

TTableDialog.ShowTable
  (
    Self,
    'Audio Properties',
    ['Duration', 'Samples per channel', 'Total data size', 'Channels', 'Bits per sample', 'Sample rate', 'Bitrate', 'Maximum fractional sample value'],
    ['1 h 15 min 0 s', '216 000 000', '824 MB', '1', '32', '48 kHz', '1 536 kbit/sec', '0.1'],
    mtInformation,
    360,
    240
  )

当然，OK按钮既是

Default
又是
Cancel
，因此您可以使用Enter或Escape关闭对话框。

最后，按 Ctrl+C 会将表格复制到剪贴板。

完整源代码：

uses
  ComCtrls, Math, Clipbrd;

type
  TTableDialog = class
  strict private
    type TFormData = class(TComponent)
    public
      ListView: TListView;
      IconKind: PWideChar;
      Icon: HICON;
      LIWSD: Boolean;
    end;
    class function Scale(X: Integer): Integer;
    class procedure FormShow(Sender: TObject);
    class procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
    class procedure FormPaint(Sender: TObject);
    class procedure FormKeyPress(Sender: TObject; var Key: Char);
    class procedure LVToClipboard(AListView: TListView);
  public
    class procedure ShowTable(AOwner: TCustomForm; const ACaption: string;
      const ANames, AValues: array of string;
      ADialogType: TMsgDlgType = mtInformation;
      const AWidth: Integer = 360; const AHeight: Integer = 200);
  end;

class procedure TTableDialog.FormShow(Sender: TObject);
var
  FormData: TFormData;
  ComCtl: HMODULE;
  LoadIconWithScaleDown: function(hinst: HINST; pszName: LPCWSTR; cx: Integer;
    cy: Integer; var phico: HICON): HResult; stdcall;
begin
  if not (Sender is TForm) then
    Exit;
  if not (TObject(TForm(Sender).Tag) is TFormData) then
    Exit;
  TForm(Sender).OnShow := nil;
  FormData := TFormData(TForm(Sender).Tag);
  if FormData.IconKind = nil then
    Exit;
  ComCtl := LoadLibrary('ComCtl32.dll');
  if ComCtl <> 0 then
  begin
    try
      LoadIconWithScaleDown := GetProcAddress(ComCtl, 'LoadIconWithScaleDown');
      if Assigned(LoadIconWithScaleDown) then
        FormData.LIWSD := Succeeded(LoadIconWithScaleDown(0, FormData.IconKind,
          Scale(32), Scale(32), FormData.Icon));
    finally
      FreeLibrary(ComCtl);
    end;
  end;
  if not FormData.LIWSD then
    FormData.Icon := LoadIcon(0, FormData.IconKind);
end;

class procedure TTableDialog.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
var
  FormData: TFormData;
begin
  if not (Sender is TForm) then
    Exit;
  if not (TObject(TForm(Sender).Tag) is TFormData) then
    Exit;
  FormData := TFormData(TForm(Sender).Tag);
  if (FormData.Icon <> 0) and FormData.LIWSD then
    DestroyIcon(FormData.Icon);
end;

class procedure TTableDialog.FormKeyPress(Sender: TObject; var Key: Char);
var
  FormData: TFormData;
begin
  if not (Sender is TForm) then
    Exit;
  if not (TObject(TForm(Sender).Tag) is TFormData) then
    Exit;
  FormData := TFormData(TForm(Sender).Tag);
  case Key of
    ^C:
      LVToClipboard(FormData.ListView);
  end;
end;

class procedure TTableDialog.FormPaint(Sender: TObject);
var
  FormData: TFormData;
  Frm: TForm;
  Y: Integer;
begin

  if not (Sender is TForm) then
    Exit;

  if not (TObject(TForm(Sender).Tag) is TFormData) then
    Exit;

  Frm := TForm(Sender);
  FormData := TFormData(TForm(Sender).Tag);

  Y := Frm.ClientHeight - Scale(25 + 8 + 8);

  Frm.Canvas.Brush.Color := clWhite;
  Frm.Canvas.FillRect(Rect(0, 0, Frm.ClientWidth, Y));

  Frm.Canvas.Pen.Color := $00DFDFDF;
  Frm.Canvas.MoveTo(0, Y);
  Frm.Canvas.LineTo(Frm.ClientWidth, Y);

  if FormData.Icon <> 0 then
    DrawIconEx(Frm.Canvas.Handle, Scale(8), Scale(8), FormData.Icon,
      Scale(32), Scale(32), 0, 0, DI_NORMAL);

end;

class procedure TTableDialog.LVToClipboard(AListView: TListView);

  function GetRow(AIndex: Integer): string;
  begin
    if InRange(AIndex, 0, AListView.Items.Count - 1) and (AListView.Items[AIndex].SubItems.Count = 1) then
      Result := AListView.Items[AIndex].Caption + #9 + AListView.Items[AIndex].SubItems[0]
    else
      Result := '';
  end;

var
  S: string;
  i: Integer;
begin
  if AListView = nil then
    Exit;
  S := GetRow(0);
  for i := 1 to AListView.Items.Count - 1 do
    S := S + sLineBreak + GetRow(i);
  Clipboard.AsText := S;
end;

class function TTableDialog.Scale(X: Integer): Integer;
begin
  Result := MulDiv(X, Screen.PixelsPerInch, 96);
end;

class procedure TTableDialog.ShowTable(AOwner: TCustomForm; const ACaption: string;
  const ANames, AValues: array of string;
  ADialogType: TMsgDlgType = mtInformation;
  const AWidth: Integer = 360; const AHeight: Integer = 200);
const
  Sounds: array[TMsgDlgType] of Integer =
    (MB_ICONWARNING, MB_ICONERROR, MB_ICONINFORMATION, MB_ICONQUESTION, 0);
  Icons: array[TMsgDlgType] of MakeIntResource =
    (IDI_WARNING, IDI_ERROR, IDI_INFORMATION, IDI_QUESTION, nil);
var
  dlg: TForm;
  lv: TListView;
  btn: TButton;
  i: Integer;
  snd: Integer;
begin

  if Length(ANames) <> Length(AValues) then
    raise Exception.Create('The lengths of the columns don''t match.');

  dlg := TForm.Create(AOwner);
  try

    dlg.BorderStyle := bsDialog;
    dlg.Caption := ACaption;
    dlg.Width := Scale(AWidth);
    dlg.Height := Scale(AHeight);
    dlg.Position := poOwnerFormCenter;
    dlg.Scaled := False;
    dlg.Font.Name := 'Segoe UI';
    dlg.Font.Size := 9;
    dlg.Tag := NativeInt(TFormData.Create(dlg));
    TFormData(dlg.Tag).IconKind := Icons[ADialogType];
    dlg.OnShow := FormShow;
    dlg.OnDestroy := FormDestroy;
    dlg.OnPaint := FormPaint;
    dlg.OnKeyPress := FormKeyPress;
    dlg.KeyPreview := True;

    btn := TButton.Create(dlg);
    btn.Parent := dlg;
    btn.Caption := 'OK';
    btn.Default := True;
    btn.Cancel := True;
    btn.ModalResult := mrOk;
    btn.Width:= Scale(75);
    btn.Height := Scale(25);
    btn.Left := dlg.ClientWidth - btn.Width - Scale(8);
    btn.Top := dlg.ClientHeight - btn.Height - Scale(8);

    lv := TListView.Create(dlg);
    TFormData(dlg.Tag).ListView := lv;
    lv.Parent := dlg;
    lv.DoubleBuffered := True;
    lv.ReadOnly := True;
    lv.BorderStyle := bsNone;
    lv.Left := Scale(8) + IfThen(Icons[ADialogType] <> nil, Scale(32 + 8));
    lv.Top := Scale(8);
    lv.Width := dlg.ClientWidth - Scale(16) - IfThen(Icons[ADialogType] <> nil, Scale(32 + 8));
    lv.Height := dlg.ClientHeight - Scale(16 + 8 + 4) - btn.Height;
    lv.ViewStyle := vsReport;
    lv.RowSelect := True;
    lv.ShowColumnHeaders := False;

    with lv.Columns.Add do
    begin
      Caption := 'Name';
      Width := Scale(150);
    end;
    with lv.Columns.Add do
    begin
      Caption := 'Value';
      Width := lv.ClientWidth - lv.Columns[0].Width -
        GetSystemMetricsForWindow(SM_CXVSCROLL, dlg.Handle) - scale(2);
    end;

    for i := 0 to High(ANames) do
      with lv.Items.Add do
      begin
        Caption := ANames[i];
        SubItems.Add(AValues[i]);
      end;

    snd := Sounds[ADialogType];
    if snd <> 0 then
      MessageBeep(snd);

    dlg.ShowModal;

  finally
    dlg.Free;
  end;

end;

更新： 新版本支持自定义文本和按钮：

6
投票

如果您不为此编写自定义对话框，那么您什么时候会编写？这并不难。只需创建一个表单，在其上放置一个 TMemo 并将该备忘录设为只读即可。你可以像Courier New一样设置等宽字体，你的问题就解决了。您还获得了滚动条和选择的优势，并且可以选择使其成为非模态。

我什至建议在网格（如 TStringGrid）中显示此类数据，而不是备忘录或标签。

计算如何在消息框中显示此文本将比仅仅创建自定义对话框需要更多的努力。

1
投票

刚刚创建了一些显示弹出窗口的内容，如下所示： Result

只需调用下面的过程，并添加一个TStringList作为参数即可。 当然，您可以通过使用 TListView、图标、滚动条等来实现这一点。

将其放在单独的单元中，您将始终能够轻松地展示这样的内容。

uses ..., StdCtrls, ExtCtrls;


procedure ShowTablePopup(SL:TStringList);
var
  LButtonOK: TButton;
  LMemo: TMemo;
  LPanel: TPanel;
  LForm: TForm;
begin
  LForm := TForm.Create(Application);
  LMemo := TMemo.Create(LForm);
  LPanel := TPanel.Create(LForm);
  LButtonOK := TButton.Create(LForm);

  LForm.Left := 0;
  LForm.Top := 0;
  LForm.Caption := 'Values';
  LForm.ClientHeight := 250;
  LForm.ClientWidth := 400;

  LMemo.Parent := LForm;
  LMemo.AlignWithMargins := True;
  LMemo.Left := 3;
  LMemo.Top := 3;
  LMemo.Width := 295;
  LMemo.Height := 226;
  LMemo.Align := alClient;
  LMemo.Font.Name := 'Courier New';
  LMemo.Lines.Assign(SL);

  LPanel.Parent := LForm;
  LPanel.Caption := '';
  LPanel.Left := 0;
  LPanel.Top := 232;
  LPanel.Width := 301;
  LPanel.Height := 37;
  LPanel.Align := alBottom;
  LPanel.BevelOuter := bvNone;

  LButtonOK.Parent := LPanel;
  LButtonOK.AlignWithMargins := True;
  LButtonOK.Left := 223;
  LButtonOK.Top := 3;
  LButtonOK.Width := 75;
  LButtonOK.Height := 31;
  LButtonOK.Align := alRight;
  LButtonOK.Caption := '&OK';
  LButtonOK.ModalResult := mrOk;
  LButtonOK.Default := True;

  LForm.ShowModal;
end;

如何使用它的示例：

var
  SL:TStringList;
begin
  SL := TStringList.Create;
  try
    SL.Add('short            | Description for "short"');
    SL.Add('verylongtext     | Description for "verylongtext"');
    ShowTablePopup(SL);
  finally
    SL.Free;
  end;
end;
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