有一种简单的方法来访问我的Gmail帐户，并从特定电子邮件下载特定的Excel文件附件？

Question

我收到有一个excel文件作为附件的电子邮件。

我会

我想使用Python做到以下几点：

• 进入我的Gmail帐户时，我提供我的用户名和密码
• 根据该邮件的主题搜索特定的电子邮件
• 下载此邮件一个（或全部）连接到我选择的文件夹

我已经看到了一些指南，但他们没有为我工作，我不知道是否有特定的已知第三方的lib，做以下。

我用下面的脚本，我发现：

import email, getpass, imaplib, os

detach_dir = '.'  # directory where to save attachments (default: current)
user = input("Enter your GMail username:")
pwd = getpass.getpass("Enter your password: ")

# connecting to the gmail imap server
m = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL("imap.gmail.com")
m.login(user, pwd)
m.select("cs2043")  # here you a can choose a mail box like INBOX instead
# use m.list() to get all the mailboxes

resp, items = m.search(None,
                   "ALL")  # you could filter using the IMAP rules here 
(check http://www.example-code.com/csharp/imap-search-critera.asp)
items = items[0].split()  # getting the mails id

for emailid in items:
    resp, data = m.fetch(emailid,
                         "(RFC822)")  # fetching the mail, "`(RFC822)`" means 
"get the whole stuff", but you can ask for headers only, etc
    email_body = data[0][1]  # getting the mail content
   mail = email.message_from_string(email_body)  # parsing the mail content 
to get a mail object

    # Check if any attachments at all
    if mail.get_content_maintype() != 'multipart':
        continue

    print
    "[" + mail["From"] + "] :" + mail["Subject"]

    # we use walk to create a generator so we can iterate on the parts and 
forget about the recursive headach
    for part in mail.walk():
        # multipart are just containers, so we skip them
        if part.get_content_maintype() == 'multipart':
            continue

        # is this part an attachment ?
        if part.get('Content-Disposition') is None:
            continue

        # filename = part.get_filename()

        filename = mail["From"] + "_hw1answer"

        att_path = os.path.join(detach_dir, filename)

        # Check if its already there
        if not os.path.isfile(att_path):
            # finally write the stuff
            fp = open(att_path, 'wb')
            fp.write(part.get_payload(decode=True))
            fp.close()

这个脚本的问题是，只要输入我的密码正确，我收到：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "gmail_report_analysis.py", line 9, in <module>
    m.login(user, pwd)
  File "C:\Users\Amir\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\imaplib.py", 
line 593, in login
    raise self.error(dat[-1])
imaplib.error: b'[AUTHENTICATIONFAILED] Invalid credentials (Failure)'

Answer 1

您可以使用Python API的Gmail自动在您的Gmail帐户的行动。

1. 使谷歌开发者控制台上的Gmail API和下载credentials.json
2. 安装Python库 - pip install --upgrade google-api-python-client oauth2client
3. 创建你的Python代码文件 -

   from __future__ import print_function
   from googleapiclient.discovery import build
   from httplib2 import Http
   from oauth2client import file, client, tools
   
   # If modifying these scopes, delete the file token.json.
   SCOPES = 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.readonly'
   
   def main():
       """Shows basic usage of the Gmail API.
       Lists the user's Gmail labels.
       """
       # The file token.json stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is
       # created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first
       # time.
       store = file.Storage('token.json')
       creds = store.get()
       if not creds or creds.invalid:
           flow = client.flow_from_clientsecrets('credentials.json', SCOPES)
           creds = tools.run_flow(flow, store)
       service = build('gmail', 'v1', http=creds.authorize(Http()))
   
       # Call the Gmail API
       results = service.users().labels().list(userId='me').execute()
       labels = results.get('labels', [])
   
       if not labels:
           print('No labels found.')
       else:
           print('Labels:')
           for label in labels:
               print(label['name'])
   
   if __name__ == '__main__':
       main()

上面的代码只是登录到您的Gmail帐户，并在你的Gmail邮箱拉标签。还有其他的动作，你也可以像搜索邮件和下载附件执行。请参考here以获取更多信息。