V 中的命令行解析库

Question

我想用 V 编程语言 编写一个命令行应用程序。有命令行解析的库吗？

Answer 1

截至 2020 年 11 月，命令行参数解析已包含在标准库中。

来自 V 存储库的示例

import cli { Command, Flag }
import os

fn main() {
    mut cmd := Command{
        name: 'cli'
        description: 'An example of the cli library.'
        version: '1.0.0'
    }
    mut greet_cmd := Command{
        name: 'greet'
        description: 'Prints greeting in different languages.'
        usage: '<name>'
        required_args: 1
        pre_execute: greet_pre_func
        execute: greet_func
        post_execute: greet_post_func
    }
    greet_cmd.add_flag(Flag{
        flag: .string
        required: true
        name: 'language'
        abbrev: 'l'
        description: 'Language of the message.'
    })
    greet_cmd.add_flag(Flag{
        flag: .int
        name: 'times'
        value: '3'
        description: 'Number of times the message gets printed.'
    })
    cmd.add_command(greet_cmd)
    cmd.parse(os.args)
}

输出

$ v run ./examples/cli.v 
Usage: cli [flags] [commands]

An example of the cli library.

Flags:
  -help               Prints help information.
  -version            Prints version information.

Commands:
  greet               Prints greeting in different languages.
  help                Prints help information.
  version             Prints version information.

Answer 2

您可以使用官方的

flag

模块。 参见示例： https://github.com/vlang/v/blob/689003454b5c60fa13a6a0b44c39f79847806609/tools/performance_compare.v#L204

从用户角度来看，这会产生类似这样的结果：

0[13:29:12] /v/nv $ tools/performance_compare --help
performance_compare 0.0.4
-----------------------------------------------
Usage: performance_compare [options] COMMIT_BEFORE [COMMIT_AFTER]

Description:
  Compares V executable size and performance,
  between 2 commits from V's local git history.
  When only one commit is given, it is compared to master.

The arguments should be at least 1 and at most 2 in number.

Options:
  --help <bool>:false       Show this help screen

  --vcrepo <string>:https://github.com/vlang/vc
                            The url of the vc repository. You can clone it
                            beforehand, and then just give the local folder
                            path here. That will eliminate the network ops
                            done by this tool, which is useful, if you want
                            to script it/run it in a restrictive vps/docker.

  --verbose <bool>:false    Be more verbose

  --hyperfine_options <string>:
                            Additional options passed to hyperfine.
                            For example on linux, you may want to pass:
                               --hyperfine_options "--prepare 'sync; echo 3 | sudo tee /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches'"

  --workdir <string>:/tmp   A writable folder, where the comparison will be done.

0[13:29:13] /v/nv $

Answer 3

是的，os模块。此示例输出每个命令行参数：

import os

fn main() {
    for arg in os.args {
        println(arg)
    }
}

在我的系统上运行时，

program.exe hello!

，它返回：

D:\Documents\V\program.exe hello!

输出：

hello!

但是没有现有的模块允许您执行此操作。

Answer 4

有 nedpals/vargs 库。

Answer 5

本地：

import os
import flag

const (
    tool_version = '0.0.4'
)

mut fp := flag.new_flag_parser(os.args)
fp.version(tool_version)

使用 v-args 库：

import vargs // Or import nedpals.vargs for vpm users
import os

fn main() {
    // The second argument removes the first argument which contains the path of the executable.
    mut _args := vargs.new(os.args, 1)

    // Use the `alias` method if you want to map an option to an existing option.
    _args.alias('W', 'with')

    // Parsing is now a separate step
    _args.parse()

    println(_args.str())
    println(_args.command)
    println(_args.unknown[0])
    println('with? ' + _args.options['with'])
}