如何编写脚本在 Ubuntu 上安装 MySQL 服务器?
sudo apt-get install mysql
将安装,但它也会要求在控制台中输入密码。
如何以非交互方式执行此操作?也就是写一个可以提供密码的脚本?
#!/bin/bash
sudo apt-get install mysql # To install MySQL server
# How to write script for assigning password to MySQL root user
# End
sudo debconf-set-selections <<< 'mysql-server mysql-server/root_password password your_password'
sudo debconf-set-selections <<< 'mysql-server mysql-server/root_password_again password your_password'
sudo apt-get -y install mysql-server
对于特定的版本,比如
mysql-server-5.6
,你需要这样指定版本:
sudo debconf-set-selections <<< 'mysql-server-5.6 mysql-server/root_password password your_password'
sudo debconf-set-selections <<< 'mysql-server-5.6 mysql-server/root_password_again password your_password'
sudo apt-get -y install mysql-server-5.6
对于 mysql-community-server,密钥略有不同:
sudo debconf-set-selections <<< 'mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/root-pass password your_password'
sudo debconf-set-selections <<< 'mysql-community-server mysql-community-server/re-root-pass password your_password'
sudo apt-get -y install mysql-community-server
将 your_password 替换为所需的 root 密码。 (似乎 your_password 也可以为空的 root 密码留空。)
如果您编写脚本,那么您的 shell 可能不是 bash,而是 dash/ash 或一些基本的 unix shell。与 zsh、ksh93 和 bash 不同,这些 shell 不支持 here-strings
<<<
。所以你应该使用:
echo ... | sudo debconf-set-selections
或更易读的多行字符串打印:
cat << EOF | sudo debconf-set-selections
mysql-server mysql-server/root_password password your_password
mysql-server mysql-server/root_password_again password your_password
EOF
您可以使用
debconf-get-selections
命令查看:
$ sudo debconf-get-selections | grep ^mysql
mysql-server mysql-server/root_password_again password your_password
mysql-server mysql-server/root_password password your_password
这应该可以解决问题
export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
sudo -E apt-get -q -y install mysql-server
当然,它会给你留下一个空白的 root 密码——所以你会想要运行类似的东西
mysqladmin -u root password mysecretpasswordgoeshere
之后为帐户添加密码。
另一种实现方式:
echo "mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server/root_password password root" | debconf-set-selections
echo "mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server/root_password_again password root" | debconf-set-selections
apt-get -y install mysql-server-5.5
请注意,这只是将密码设置为“root”。我无法使用简单的引号
''
设置空白密码,但这个解决方案对我来说已经足够了。
基于解决方案here.
用途:
sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y mysql-server
sudo mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -uroot -e"UPDATE mysql.user SET password = PASSWORD('yourpassword') WHERE user = 'root'"