[我正在学习Java EE，并且已经有2天的时间我一直在努力配置Hibernate，以便在简单的Java EE Web应用程序中的TomEE服务器上使用MySQL数据库。
我有2个简单的实体：汽车和座椅，从汽车到座椅具有单向@OneToMany关系。 Color和EngineType是普通枚举，而Specification是这两个枚举的值对象）。注意：@OneToMany中将FetchType.EAGER用于学习目的，我知道这通常不是一个好的解决方案。
[当我尝试配置persistence.xml文件时，alghouth指定了所有“针对MySQL”，看来Hibernate仍然使用默认的HSQLDB语法/方言/引擎
，因此，我收到错误在模式创建期间：[INFO] TomEE embedded started on localhost:8080 INFO: HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL8Dialect Hibernate: alter table Seat drop foreign key FKkkm9pdx9e1t9jva76n9tqhhqv mar 06, 2020 1:48:31 PM org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.ExceptionHandlerLoggedImpl handleException WARN: GenerationTarget encountered exception accepting command : Error executing DDL "alter table Seat drop foreign key FKkkm9pdx9e1t9jva76n9tqhhqv" via JDBC Statement org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.CommandAcceptanceException: Error executing DDL "alter table Seat drop foreign key FKkkm9pdx9e1t9jva76n9tqhhqv" via JDBC Statement (...) Caused by: java.sql.SQLSyntaxErrorException: user lacks privilege or object not found: PUBLIC.SEAT (...) Caused by: org.hsqldb.HsqlException: user lacks privilege or object not found: PUBLIC.SEAT // what is going on here???以及稍后创建DDL时使用的Hibernate SQL命令，我还：
Hibernate: create table Car (identifier bigint not null auto_increment, color varchar(255), engineType varchar(255), primary key (identifier)) engine=InnoDB mar 06, 2020 1:48:31 PM org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.ExceptionHandlerLoggedImpl handleException WARN: GenerationTarget encountered exception accepting command : Error executing DDL "create table Car (identifier bigint not null auto_increment, color varchar(255), engineType varchar(255), primary key (identifier)) engine=InnoDB" via JDBC Statement org.hibernate.tool.schema.spi.CommandAcceptanceException: Error executing DDL "create table Car (identifier bigint not null auto_increment, color varchar(255), engineType varchar(255), primary key (identifier)) engine=InnoDB" via JDBC Statement (...) Caused by: java.sql.SQLSyntaxErrorException: unexpected token: AUTO_INCREMENT (...) Caused by: org.hsqldb.HsqlException: unexpected token: AUTO_INCREMENT // definitely something messed up, this is a correct MySQL token当我省略所有“ MySQL内容”（驱动程序和方言），并使Hibernate使用默认的HSQLDB时，它工作正常……HSQLDB的DDL创建良好。
[我尝试了许多不同的配置和替代方法，通过Web和SO对其进行了搜索，但是没有发现Hibernate为何仍使用非MySQL语法的任何提示（但我不是100％确信这是问题的直接原因）。] >
[我试图在webapp下的resources.xml文件中指定数据源，但是它没有任何改变。
另外，我检查了HSQLDB是否可以从Maven构建中排除，但它附带了hibernate-core，因此这不是容易实现的，也许也无济于事。我以前在Spring和SpringBoot中使用Hibernate，但是在Java EE中我完全迷失了，这就是为什么我问这个问题。
任何人都可以帮助解决此问题，并就所有这些的正确配置提供一些建议吗？
我在resources / META-INF下的persistence.xml看起来像这样：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <persistence xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.2" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_2.xsd"> <persistence-unit name="my-persistence-unit" transaction-type="JTA"> <provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider> <jta-data-source>java:openejb/Resource/myJtaDatabase</jta-data-source> <!-- Entity classes --> <class>com.example.javaeecourse.entity.Car</class> <class>com.example.javaeecourse.entity.Seat</class> <exclude-unlisted-classes>false</exclude-unlisted-classes> <properties> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/javaeecourse?serverTimezone=UTC" /> <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root" /> <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="admin" /> <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL8Dialect" /> <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" /> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create"/> <property name="tomee.jpa.factory.lazy" value="true" /> <!--<property name="tomee.jpa.cdi=false" value="false" />--> </properties> </persistence-unit> </persistence>汽车实体：
package com.example.javaeecourse.entity; import lombok.Getter; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; import lombok.Setter; import javax.persistence.*; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Set; import static com.example.javaeecourse.entity.Car.FIND_ALL; @Getter @Setter @Entity @Table(name = "cars") @NamedQuery(name = FIND_ALL, query = "SELECT car FROM Car car") @NoArgsConstructor public class Car { public static final String FIND_ALL = "Car.findAll"; @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Long identifier; @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING) private Color color; @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING) private EngineType engineType; @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.EAGER) @JoinColumn(name = "car", nullable = false) private Set<Seat> seats = new HashSet<>(); }座位实体：
package com.example.javaeecourse.entity; import lombok.Getter; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; import lombok.Setter; import javax.persistence.*; @Entity @Table(name = "seats") @NoArgsConstructor @Getter @Setter public class Seat { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Long id; private String seatMaterial; public Seat(String seatMaterial) { this.seatMaterial = seatMaterial; } }CarManufacturer类（@Stateless EJB，在其中调用EntityManager）：
package com.example.javaeecourse.boundary; import com.example.javaeecourse.control.CarFactory; import com.example.javaeecourse.entity.Car; import com.example.javaeecourse.entity.CarCreatedEvent; import com.example.javaeecourse.entity.Specification; import javax.ejb.Stateless; import javax.enterprise.event.Event; import javax.inject.Inject; import javax.persistence.EntityManager; import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext; import java.util.List; @Stateless public class CarManufacturer { @Inject CarFactory carFactory; @Inject Event<CarCreatedEvent> carCreatedEvent; @PersistenceContext EntityManager entityManager; public Car manufactureCar(Specification specification) { Car car = carFactory.createCar(specification); entityManager.persist(car); carCreatedEvent.fire(new CarCreatedEvent(car.getIdentifier())); return car; } public List<Car> retrieveCars() { return entityManager.createNamedQuery(Car.FIND_ALL, Car.class).getResultList(); } }CarFactory类，实例化实体：
package com.example.javaeecourse.control; import com.example.javaeecourse.entity.*; import javax.inject.Inject; public class CarFactory { @Inject @DefaultCarColor Color randomCarColor; @Inject @DefaultCarEngineType EngineType randomCarEngineType; public Car createCar(Specification specification) { Car car = new Car(); car.setColor(specification.getColor() == null ? randomCarColor : specification.getColor()); car.setEngineType(specification.getEngineType() == null ? randomCarEngineType : specification.getEngineType()); Seat seat = new Seat("Leather"); car.getSeats().add(seat); return car; } }pom.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>javaeecourse</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>Java EE Course App</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>javax</groupId> <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId> <version>8.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <version>8.0.19</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>5.4.10.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> <version>5.4.10.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.12</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-jaxrs-json-provider</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>javaeecourse</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.tomee.maven</groupId> <artifactId>tomee-embedded-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>8.0.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project>我将不胜感激。
我正在学习Java EE，并且已经有2天的时间我一直在努力配置Hibernate，以便在简单的Java EE Web应用程序中的TomEE服务器上使用MySQL数据库。休眠版本：...
感谢问题评论中@areus提供的提示，我得以解决此案。如果将来有人遇到类似问题，我会在此处发布答案。
有1个主要问题和1个“不良做法”问题。