通过@SpringJUnitConfig与@SpringBootTest执行测试时的区别

Question

在我们的测试代码库中，我们试图尽量减少

@SpringBootTest

注释的使用，以支持更有针对性的

@SpringJUnitConfig

。

在第一次工作测试中更换它：

@SpringJUnitConfig
//@SpringBootTest
class DataMarshallerServiceTest {

    @Autowired
    private DataMarshallerService cut;
    

我们开始看到以下堆栈：

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.abc.globalpayments.feeds.downstream.dailycashreport.generate.DataMarshallerService' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1801)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1357)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1311)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.resolveFieldValue(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:659)
    ... 75 common frames omitted

同样，在构建过程中：

mvn clean package -P mvnProfile

[ERROR] Errors:                                                                                                                                                        
[ERROR]   DataMarshallerServiceTest.testSuccessfulFileGenerationViaBatches � UnsatisfiedDependency Error creating bean with name 'com.abc.globalpayments.feeds.downstre
am.dailycashreport.generate.DataMarshallerServiceTest': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'cut'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoS
uchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.abc.globalpayments.feeds.downstream.dailycashreport.generate.DataMarshallerService' available: expected at 
least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}                   
[ERROR]   DataMarshallerServiceTest.testTrailerAggregationsProduction � UnsatisfiedDependency Error creating bean with name 'com.abc.globalpayments.feeds.downstream.da
ilycashreport.generate.DataMarshallerServiceTest': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'cut'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBe
anDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.abc.globalpayments.feeds.downstream.dailycashreport.generate.DataMarshallerService' available: expected at least
 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}                        
[INFO]                                                                                                                                                                 

参与这些测试的，有作为

@Bean

类的一部分创建的

@Configuration

，以及装饰有

@Component

和

@Service

的类，可通过类路径扫描进行解析。

例如上面被测试的类：

@Slf4j
@Service
public class DataMarshallerService {//}

src/main/resources

包含

application-dev.yml

属性文件，而

application.yml

中有相应的

src/test/resources

。

@SpringJUnitConfig

不进行正常的类路径扫描吗？此设置中可能缺少什么或配置错误？

提前谢谢您。

Answer 1

我的理解是您需要指出要使用的配置。您可以使用 Config.class 或 spring 配置文件。

配置类示例：

@SpringJUnitConfig(TestConfig.class) 

配置文件示例：

@SpringJUnitConfig(locations = "/test-config.xml")