如果字符串列表中存在字符串匹配，请查找文档内一行中的数字

Question

我有一个字符串列表。如果列表中的任何单词在文档中的一行内匹配，我想得到匹配的单词和将出现在该行中的数字作为输出，主要是在该匹配单词之后。这个词和数字大多由space或:分隔

文件示例：

Expedien: 1-21-212-16-26 

我的列表：

my_list = ['Reference', 'Ref.', 'tramite', 'Expedien']

匹配字符串行内的数字可以用-分隔，也可以不用。示例：1-21-22-45或RE9833

在这种情况下，如果在行内找到列表中的匹配单词，RE9833应该完全（不仅是数字）。

如何在python中为此编写正则表达式。

Answer 1

输入文件：

$cat input_file
Expedien: 1-21-212-16-26 #other garbage
Reference RE9833 #tralala
abc
123
456
Ref.: UV1234
tramite  1234567
Ref.:

样品：

import re

my_list = ['Reference', 'Ref.', 'tramite', 'Expedien']

#open the file as input
with open('input_file','r') as infile:
  #create an empty dict to store the pairs
  #that we will extract from the file
  res = dict()
  #for each input line
  for line in infile:
    #the only place we will use regex in this code
    #we split the input strings in a list of strings using
    #as separator : if present followed by some spaces
    elems = re.split('(?::)?\s+', line)
    #we test that we have at least 2 elements 
    #if not we continue with the following line
    if len(elems) >= 2 :
      contains = False
      #tmp will store all the keys identfied
      tmp = ''
      #we go through all the strings present in this list of strings
      for elem in elems:
        #when we enter this if we have already found the key and we have the value
        #at this iteration
        if contains:
          #we store it in the dict
          #reset the check and leave this loop
          res.update({tmp : elem})
          contains = False
          break
        #we check if the elem is in my_list
        if elem in my_list:
          #if this is the case
          #we set contains to true and we save the key in tmp
          contains = True
          tmp = elem
  print(res)

输出：

python find_list.py
{'tramite': '1234567', 'Reference': 'RE9833', 'Expedien': '1-21-212-16-26', 'Ref.': ''}

正则表达式演示：https://regex101.com/r/kSmLzW/3/