如何在Kafka中制作墓碑Avro记录？

Question

我的接收器属性：

{
  "name": "jdbc-oracle",
  "config": {
    "connector.class": "io.confluent.connect.jdbc.JdbcSinkConnector",
    "tasks.max": "1",
    "topics": "orders",
    "connection.url": "jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.1.2.3:1071/orac",
    "connection.user": "ersin",
    "connection.password": "ersin!",
    "auto.create": "true",
    "delete.enabled": "true",
    "pk.mode": "record_key",
    "pk.fields": "id",
    "insert.mode": "upsert",
    "plugin.path": "/home/ersin/confluent-5.4.1/share/java/",
    "name": "jdbc-oracle"
  },
  "tasks": [
    {
      "connector": "jdbc-oracle",
      "task": 0
    }
  ],
  "type": "sink"
}

我的connect-avro-distributed.properties：

bootstrap.servers=10.0.0.0:9092

group.id=connect-cluster

key.converter=io.confluent.connect.avro.AvroConverter
key.converter.schema.registry.url=http://10.0.0.0:8081
value.converter=io.confluent.connect.avro.AvroConverter
value.converter.schema.registry.url=http://10.0.0.0:8081

config.storage.topic=connect-configs
offset.storage.topic=connect-offsets
status.storage.topic=connect-statuses

config.storage.replication.factor=1
offset.storage.replication.factor=1
status.storage.replication.factor=1

internal.key.converter=org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter
internal.value.converter=org.apache.kafka.connect.json.JsonConverter
internal.key.converter.schemas.enable=false
internal.value.converter.schemas.enable=false

我发送这样的数据：

from kafka import KafkaProducer

producer = KafkaProducer(
    bootstrap_servers=['10.0.0.0:9092'],
)
message=producer.send('orders', key=b'{"id":1}', value=None)

但是它给出了错误。序列化错误。

Answer 1

我假设您要生成Avro消息。我的示例使用了confluent-kafka-python库。如果尚未安装，可以使用

进行安装

pip install confluent-kafka-python

---

这是一个示例AvroConsumer，该示例发送具有空值的Avro消息：

from confluent_kafka import avro
from confluent_kafka.avro import AvroProducer

value_schema_str = """
    {
       "type":"record",
       "name":"myrecord",
       "fields":[
          {
             "name":"id",
             "type":[
                "null",
                "int"
             ],
             "default":null
          },
          {
             "name":"product",
             "type":[
                "null",
                "string"
             ],
             "default":null
          },
          {
             "name":"quantity",
             "type":[
                "null",
                "int"
             ],
             "default":null
          },
          {
             "name":"price",
             "type":[
                "null",
                "int"
             ],
             "default":null
          }
       ]
    }
    """

key_schema_str = """
    {
       "type":"record",
       "name":"key_schema",
       "fields":[
          {
             "name":"id",
             "type":"int"
          }
       ]
    }
    """


def delivery_report(err, msg):
    """ Called once for each message produced to indicate delivery result.
        Triggered by poll() or flush(). """
    if err is not None:
        print('Message delivery failed: {}'.format(err))
    else:
        print('Message delivered to {} [{}]'.format(msg.topic(), msg.partition()))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    value_schema = avro.loads(value_schema_str)
    key_schema = avro.loads(key_schema_str)
    #value = {"name": "Value"}
    key = {"id": 1}


    avroProducer = AvroProducer({
        'bootstrap.servers': '10.0.0.0:9092',
        'on_delivery': delivery_report,
        'schema.registry.url': 'http://10.0.0.0:8081'
    }, default_key_schema=key_schema, default_value_schema=value_schema)

    avroProducer.produce(topic='orders', key=key)
    avroProducer.flush()

Answer 2

您需要在Avro架构中进行设置，才能通过将null添加为字段的可能类型之一来将Avro字段设置为null。

请看Avro文档中的示例：

{
  "type": "record",
  "name": "yourRecord",
  "fields" : [
    {"name": "empId", "type": "long"},              // mandatory field
    {"name": "empName", "type": ["null", "string"]} // optional field 
  ]
}

此处empName在类型上声明为null或字符串。允许将empName字段设置为null。