带有阴影的 JavaFX 构建，LoadException？

问题描述 投票：0回答：1

在关注了这篇 SO 帖子（JavaFX build with shade，Location is required. Where is it looking?）之后，我将我的项目配置为相同。但是跑步的时候：

java -jar .\target\app-name-1.0.0-ALPHA.jar

我得到以下异常：

Exception in Application start method
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: Exception in Application start method
        at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:901)
        at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication$2(LauncherImpl.java:196)
        at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1589)
Caused by: javafx.fxml.LoadException:
file:/C:/Users/user/Documents/app-name/target/app-name-1.0.0-ALPHA.jar!/view/rename.fxml:14
...
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: Location is required.

我像这样加载 fxml 文件：

final Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("/view/rename.fxml"));

输入：

src/main/java/app-name/AppLauncher.java (class that does not extend Application)
src/main/java/app-name/AppMain.java     (class that does extend Application)
src/main/resources/view/rename.fxml

输出：

target/classes/app-name/AppLauncher.class
target/classes/app-name/AppMain.class
target/classes/view/rename.fxml
target/classes/style/style.css
target/app-name-1.0.0-ALPHA.jar

pom.xml：

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <javafx.version>19</javafx.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-shade-plugin -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.4.1</version>
</dependency>

<!-- JavaFX -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.openjfx</groupId>
    <artifactId>javafx-controls</artifactId>
    <version>${javafx.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.openjfx</groupId>
    <artifactId>javafx-fxml</artifactId>
    <version>${javafx.version}</version>
</dependency>

<!-- JavaFX: cross-platform fat jar -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.openjfx</groupId>
    <artifactId>javafx-graphics</artifactId>
    <version>${javafx.version}</version>
    <classifier>win</classifier>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.openjfx</groupId>
    <artifactId>javafx-graphics</artifactId>
    <version>${javafx.version}</version>
    <classifier>linux</classifier>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.openjfx</groupId>
    <artifactId>javafx-graphics</artifactId>
    <version>${javafx.version}</version>
    <classifier>mac</classifier>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

<build>
<plugins>
    <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.10.1</version>
        <configuration>
            <release>19</release>
        </configuration>
    </plugin>

    <!-- For fat jar -->
    <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.4.1</version>
        <executions>
            <execution>
                <phase>package</phase>
                <goals>
                    <goal>shade</goal>
                </goals>
                <configuration>
                    <transformers>
                        <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                            <mainClass>uk.co.conoregan.showrenamer.ShowRenamerLauncher</mainClass>
                        </transformer>
                    </transformers>
                </configuration>
            </execution>
        </executions>
    </plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

为了打包，我正在使用：

mvn clean package

确实显示错误，但在阅读之后我认为这不是我的问题的原因：

checker-qual-3.5.0.jar, commons-codec-1.10.jar, commons-collections4-4.2.jar, commons-dbcp-1.4.jar, commons-io-2.6.jar, commons-lang3-3.3.2.jar, commons-pool-1.6.jar, jdependency-2.8.0.jar, jdom2-2.0.6.1.jar define 1 overlapping resource: 
  - META-INF/LICENSE.txt
javafx-graphics-19-linux.jar, javafx-graphics-19-mac.jar define 320 overlapping classes and resources: 
  - com.sun.prism.es2.BufferFactory
  - com.sun.prism.es2.ES2Context
  - com.sun.prism.es2.ES2Context$1
  - com.sun.prism.es2.ES2Graphics
  - com.sun.prism.es2.ES2Light
  - com.sun.prism.es2.ES2Mesh
  - com.sun.prism.es2.ES2Mesh$ES2MeshDisposerRecord
  - com.sun.prism.es2.ES2MeshView
  - com.sun.prism.es2.ES2MeshView$ES2MeshViewDisposerRecord
  - com.sun.prism.es2.ES2PhongMaterial
  - 310 more...
commons-codec-1.10.jar, commons-collections4-4.2.jar, commons-dbcp-1.4.jar, commons-io-2.6.jar, commons-lang3-3.3.2.jar, commons-pool-1.6.jar, jdependency-2.8.0.jar define 1 overlapping resource: 
  - META-INF/NOTICE.txt
javafx-graphics-19-linux.jar, javafx-graphics-19-mac.jar, javafx-graphics-19-win.jar define 2828 overlapping classes and resources: 
  - META-INF/substrate/config/jniconfig-aarch64-android.json
  - META-INF/substrate/config/jniconfig-aarch64-darwin.json
  - META-INF/substrate/config/jniconfig-aarch64-linux.json
  - META-INF/substrate/config/jniconfig-arm64-ios.json
  - META-INF/substrate/config/jniconfig-x86_64-darwin.json
  - META-INF/substrate/config/jniconfig-x86_64-ios.json
  - META-INF/substrate/config/jniconfig-x86_64-linux.json
  - META-INF/substrate/config/jniconfig-x86_64-windows.json
  - META-INF/substrate/config/jniconfig.json
  - META-INF/substrate/config/reflectionconfig-aarch64-darwin.json
  - 2818 more...
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar, jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.7.jar define 6 overlapping classes: 
  - org.apache.commons.logging.Log
  - org.apache.commons.logging.LogConfigurationException
  - org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory
  - org.apache.commons.logging.impl.NoOpLog
  - org.apache.commons.logging.impl.SimpleLog
  - org.apache.commons.logging.impl.SimpleLog$1
javafx-base-19-win.jar, javafx-controls-19-win.jar, javafx-fxml-19-win.jar, javafx-graphics-19-linux.jar, javafx-graphics-19-mac.jar, javafx-graphics-19-win.jar define 1 overlapping resource: 
  - META-INF/substrate/config/reflectionconfig.json
maven-shade-plugin has detected that some class files are
present in two or more JARs. When this happens, only one
single version of the class is copied to the uber jar.
Usually this is not harmful and you can skip these warnings,
otherwise try to manually exclude artifacts based on
mvn dependency:tree -Ddetail=true and the above output.
See https://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-shade-plugin/

我做错了什么吗？

java javafx maven-shade-plugin
1个回答
0
投票

问题与在类的静态块中加载 .properties 文件有关，并且该类由控制器加载。我没有将它包括在示例中，因为我认为它不相关，但我想我错了。

失败的代码：

...
private static final String API_KEY;

static {
    final String apiKeysPath = "properties/api_keys.properties";
    final URL res = MyClass.class.getClassLoader().getResource(apiKeysPath);
    if (res == null) {
        throw new UncheckedIOException(new FileNotFoundException(apiKeysPath));
    }

    final URI uri;
    try {
        uri = res.toURI();
    } catch (URISyntaxException ex) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(ex);
    }

    final Properties properties = new Properties();
    try (InputStream is = Files.newInputStream(Paths.get(uri))) {
        properties.load(is);
    } catch (IOException e) {
        throw new UncheckedIOException("Failed to load resource", e);
    }

    API_KEY = properties.getProperty("API_KEY");
}
...

有效的代码：

...
private static final String API_KEY;

static {
    final String apiKeysPath = "/properties/api_keys.properties";
    final InputStream res = MyClass.class.getResourceAsStream(apiKeysPath);

    final Properties properties = new Properties();
    try {
        properties.load(res);
    } catch (IOException e) {
        throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }

    API_KEY = properties.getProperty("API_KEY");
}
...

也许这可以帮助将来的某人。

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