枕头搭建轮失败

问题描述 投票：0回答：4

尝试用 python 构建词云。

# Start with loading all necessary libraries

import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from wordcloud import WordCloud

pandas 导入得很好，虽然比预期的时间要长一些。 现在我尝试使用 

matplotlib.pyplot
导入 
sudo pip3 install matplotlib
并收到此错误响应

Collecting matplotlib
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/7c/ec/3d77b10ac3d30590f5431fd2dc59c58d20c020af107b47f8974896afc5c9/matplotlib-3.4.3-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Requirement already satisfied: cycler>=0.10 in /usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages (from matplotlib) (0.10.0)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.16 in /usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages (from matplotlib) (1.21.2)
Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.7 in /usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages (from matplotlib) (2.8.2)
Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing>=2.2.1 in /usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages (from matplotlib) (2.4.7)
Collecting pillow>=6.2.0 (from matplotlib)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/7d/2a/2fc11b54e2742db06297f7fa7f420a0e3069fdcf0e4b57dfec33f0b08622/Pillow-8.4.0.tar.gz
Requirement already satisfied: kiwisolver>=1.0.1 in /usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages (from matplotlib) (1.3.2)
Requirement already satisfied: six in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from cycler>=0.10->matplotlib) (1.12.0)
Building wheels for collected packages: pillow
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for pillow ... error
  Complete output from command /usr/bin/python3 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-8v6p9cen/pillow/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-vqicltkx --python-tag cp37:
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/BdfFontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/BlpImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/BmpImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/BufrStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ContainerIO.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/CurImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/DcxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/DdsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/EpsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ExifTags.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/FitsStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/FliImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/FontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/FpxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/FtexImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/GbrImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/GdImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/GifImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/GimpGradientFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/GimpPaletteFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/GribStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/Hdf5StubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/IcnsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/IcoImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/Image.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageChops.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageCms.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageColor.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageDraw.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageDraw2.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageEnhance.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageFilter.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageFont.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageGrab.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageMath.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageMode.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageMorph.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageOps.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImagePalette.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImagePath.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageQt.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageSequence.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageShow.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageStat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageTk.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageTransform.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageWin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImtImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/Jpeg2KImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/JpegImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/JpegPresets.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/McIdasImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/MicImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/MpegImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/MpoImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/MspImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PSDraw.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PaletteFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PalmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PcdImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PcfFontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PcxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PdfImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PdfParser.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PixarImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PpmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PsdImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PyAccess.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/SgiImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/SpiderImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/SunImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/TarIO.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/TgaImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/TiffTags.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/WalImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/WebPImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/WmfImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/XVThumbImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/XbmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/XpmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/__main__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/_binary.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/_tkinter_finder.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/_util.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/_version.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/features.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  running egg_info
  writing src/Pillow.egg-info/PKG-INFO
  writing dependency_links to src/Pillow.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
  writing top-level names to src/Pillow.egg-info/top_level.txt
  reading manifest file 'src/Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
  reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
  warning: no files found matching '*.c'
  warning: no files found matching '*.h'
  warning: no files found matching '*.sh'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching '.appveyor.yml'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching '.clang-format'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching '.coveragerc'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching '.editorconfig'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching '.readthedocs.yml'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching 'codecov.yml'
  warning: no previously-included files matching '.git*' found anywhere in distribution
  warning: no previously-included files matching '*.pyc' found anywhere in distribution
  warning: no previously-included files matching '*.so' found anywhere in distribution
  no previously-included directories found matching '.ci'
  writing manifest file 'src/Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
  running build_ext
  
  
  The headers or library files could not be found for jpeg,
  a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.
  
  Please see the install instructions at:
     https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html
  
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/tmp/pip-install-8v6p9cen/pillow/setup.py", line 1024, in <module>
      zip_safe=not (debug_build() or PLATFORM_MINGW),
    File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 145, in setup
      return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
      dist.run_commands()
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
      self.run_command(cmd)
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
      cmd_obj.run()
    File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/wheel/bdist_wheel.py", line 188, in run
      self.run_command('build')
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
      self.distribution.run_command(command)
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
      cmd_obj.run()
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/command/build.py", line 135, in run
      self.run_command(cmd_name)
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
      self.distribution.run_command(command)
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
      cmd_obj.run()
    File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 78, in run
      _build_ext.run(self)
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 340, in run
      self.build_extensions()
    File "/tmp/pip-install-8v6p9cen/pillow/setup.py", line 790, in build_extensions
      raise RequiredDependencyException(f)
  __main__.RequiredDependencyException: jpeg
  
  During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
  
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
    File "/tmp/pip-install-8v6p9cen/pillow/setup.py", line 1037, in <module>
      raise RequiredDependencyException(msg)
  __main__.RequiredDependencyException:
  
  The headers or library files could not be found for jpeg,
  a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.
  
  Please see the install instructions at:
     https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html
  
  
  
  ----------------------------------------
  Failed building wheel for pillow
  Running setup.py clean for pillow
Failed to build pillow
Installing collected packages: pillow, matplotlib
  Running setup.py install for pillow ... error
    Complete output from command /usr/bin/python3 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-8v6p9cen/pillow/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-9716y_zm/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/BdfFontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/BlpImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/BmpImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/BufrStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ContainerIO.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/CurImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/DcxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/DdsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/EpsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ExifTags.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/FitsStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/FliImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/FontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/FpxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/FtexImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/GbrImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/GdImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/GifImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/GimpGradientFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/GimpPaletteFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/GribStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/Hdf5StubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/IcnsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/IcoImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/Image.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageChops.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageCms.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageColor.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageDraw.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageDraw2.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageEnhance.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageFilter.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageFont.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageGrab.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageMath.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageMode.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageMorph.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageOps.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImagePalette.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImagePath.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageQt.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageSequence.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageShow.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageStat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageTk.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageTransform.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImageWin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/ImtImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/Jpeg2KImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/JpegImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/JpegPresets.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/McIdasImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/MicImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/MpegImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/MpoImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/MspImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/PSDraw.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/PaletteFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/PalmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/PcdImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/PcfFontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/PcxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/PdfImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/PdfParser.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/PixarImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/PpmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/PsdImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/PyAccess.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/SgiImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/SpiderImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/SunImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/TarIO.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/TgaImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/TiffTags.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/WalImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/WebPImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/WmfImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/XVThumbImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/XbmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/XpmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/__main__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/_binary.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/_tkinter_finder.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/_util.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/_version.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    copying src/PIL/features.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
    running egg_info
    writing src/Pillow.egg-info/PKG-INFO
    writing dependency_links to src/Pillow.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
    writing top-level names to src/Pillow.egg-info/top_level.txt
    reading manifest file 'src/Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
    reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
    warning: no files found matching '*.c'
    warning: no files found matching '*.h'
    warning: no files found matching '*.sh'
    warning: no previously-included files found matching '.appveyor.yml'
    warning: no previously-included files found matching '.clang-format'
    warning: no previously-included files found matching '.coveragerc'
    warning: no previously-included files found matching '.editorconfig'
    warning: no previously-included files found matching '.readthedocs.yml'
    warning: no previously-included files found matching 'codecov.yml'
    warning: no previously-included files matching '.git*' found anywhere in distribution
    warning: no previously-included files matching '*.pyc' found anywhere in distribution
    warning: no previously-included files matching '*.so' found anywhere in distribution
    no previously-included directories found matching '.ci'
    writing manifest file 'src/Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
    running build_ext
    
    
    The headers or library files could not be found for jpeg,
    a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.
    
    Please see the install instructions at:
       https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html
    
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/tmp/pip-install-8v6p9cen/pillow/setup.py", line 1024, in <module>
        zip_safe=not (debug_build() or PLATFORM_MINGW),
      File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 145, in setup
        return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
        dist.run_commands()
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
        self.run_command(cmd)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/install.py", line 61, in run
        return orig.install.run(self)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/command/install.py", line 589, in run
        self.run_command('build')
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/command/build.py", line 135, in run
        self.run_command(cmd_name)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
        self.distribution.run_command(command)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
        cmd_obj.run()
      File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 78, in run
        _build_ext.run(self)
      File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 340, in run
        self.build_extensions()
      File "/tmp/pip-install-8v6p9cen/pillow/setup.py", line 790, in build_extensions
        raise RequiredDependencyException(f)
    __main__.RequiredDependencyException: jpeg
    
    During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
    
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/tmp/pip-install-8v6p9cen/pillow/setup.py", line 1037, in <module>
        raise RequiredDependencyException(msg)
    __main__.RequiredDependencyException:
    
    The headers or library files could not be found for jpeg,
    a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.
    
    Please see the install instructions at:
       https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html
    
    
    
    ----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python3 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-8v6p9cen/pillow/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-9716y_zm/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-install-8v6p9cen/pillow/

所以经过一番谷歌搜索后我发现了

python -m pip install --upgrade pip
python -m pip install --upgrade pillow

然后再次尝试运行 

sudo pip3 install matplotlib
我仍然收到同样的错误。

任何帮助将不胜感激。或者构建这个词云的更简单的方法也可以。

谢谢

干杯

python-2.7 word-cloud
4个回答
49
投票

试试这个：

apt-get install libjpeg-dev zlib1g-dev

然后

pip3 install Pillow

也尝试更新安装工具：

sudo pip install -U setuptools
8
投票

tl；博士

pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel


我遇到的问题是python模块

Pillow
版本3.7在
python -m pip install Pillow
期间无法编译。

The headers or library files could not be found for jpeg,
  a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.

（较长的文字）

Building wheels for collected packages: Pillow, pytest-dependency, yamllint, docopt
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for Pillow ... error
  Complete output from command /tmp/project1/.venv-3.7.5-ubuntu-18.04/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-lsme78lo/Pillow/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d /tmp/tmp7riogqqfpip-wheel- --python-tag cp37:
  /usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'long_description_content_type'
    warnings.warn(msg)
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/BdfFontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/BlpImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/BmpImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/BufrStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ContainerIO.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/CurImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/DcxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/DdsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/EpsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ExifTags.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/FitsStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/FliImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/FontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/FpxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/FtexImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/GbrImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/GdImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/GifImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/GimpGradientFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/GimpPaletteFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/GribStubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/Hdf5StubImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/IcnsImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/IcoImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/Image.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageChops.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageCms.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageColor.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageDraw.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageDraw2.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageEnhance.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageFilter.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageFont.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageGrab.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageMath.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageMode.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageMorph.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageOps.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImagePalette.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImagePath.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageQt.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageSequence.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageShow.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageStat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageTk.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageTransform.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImageWin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/ImtImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/Jpeg2KImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/JpegImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/JpegPresets.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/McIdasImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/MicImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/MpegImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/MpoImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/MspImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PSDraw.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PaletteFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PalmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PcdImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PcfFontFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PcxImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PdfImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PdfParser.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PixarImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PpmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PsdImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/PyAccess.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/SgiImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/SpiderImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/SunImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/TarIO.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/TgaImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/TiffImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/TiffTags.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/WalImageFile.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/WebPImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/WmfImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/XVThumbImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/XbmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/XpmImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/__main__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/_binary.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/_tkinter_finder.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/_util.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/_version.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  copying src/PIL/features.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.7/PIL
  running egg_info
  writing src/Pillow.egg-info/PKG-INFO
  writing dependency_links to src/Pillow.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
  writing top-level names to src/Pillow.egg-info/top_level.txt
  reading manifest file 'src/Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
  reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
  warning: no files found matching '*.c'
  warning: no files found matching '*.h'
  warning: no files found matching '*.sh'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching '.appveyor.yml'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching '.clang-format'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching '.coveragerc'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching '.editorconfig'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching '.readthedocs.yml'
  warning: no previously-included files found matching 'codecov.yml'
  warning: no previously-included files matching '.git*' found anywhere in distribution
  warning: no previously-included files matching '*.pyc' found anywhere in distribution
  warning: no previously-included files matching '*.so' found anywhere in distribution
  no previously-included directories found matching '.ci'
  writing manifest file 'src/Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
  running build_ext


  The headers or library files could not be found for jpeg,
  a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.

  Please see the install instructions at:
     https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html

  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/tmp/pip-build-lsme78lo/Pillow/setup.py", line 1024, in <module>
      zip_safe=not (debug_build() or PLATFORM_MINGW),
    File /tmp/project1/.venv-3.7.5-ubuntu-18.04/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 129, in setup
      return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
      dist.run_commands()
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
      self.run_command(cmd)
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
      cmd_obj.run()
    File /tmp/project1/.venv-3.7.5-ubuntu-18.04/lib/python3.7/site-packages/wheel/bdist_wheel.py", line 299, in run
      self.run_command('build')
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
      self.distribution.run_command(command)
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
      cmd_obj.run()
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/command/build.py", line 135, in run
      self.run_command(cmd_name)
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
      self.distribution.run_command(command)
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
      cmd_obj.run()
    File /tmp/project1/.venv-3.7.5-ubuntu-18.04/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 78, in run
      _build_ext.run(self)
    File "/usr/lib/python3.7/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 340, in run
      self.build_extensions()
    File "/tmp/pip-build-lsme78lo/Pillow/setup.py", line 790, in build_extensions
      raise RequiredDependencyException(f)
  __main__.RequiredDependencyException: jpeg


pip
、
setuptools
和
wheel
的版本是默认的Ubuntu 18 apt管理版本。这些是旧版本。

我更新了

pip
、
setuptools
和
wheel
。

python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel

此更新

pip
至21.3.1，
setuptools
至60.5.0，
wheel
至0.37.1。

pip install
的
Pillow
成功了。


这发生在使用 python 3.7.5 的 Ubuntu 18 上。

2
投票

更新pip、setuptools和wheel

python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel

然后重新运行 Pillow 命令

python -m pip install Pillow
0
投票

尝试安装这个版本的pillow pip install Pillow==7.2.0。它对我有用。

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