在 SwiftUI 中使用十六进制颜色

问题描述 投票:0回答:13

在 UIKit 中,我们可以使用扩展为几乎所有内容设置十六进制颜色,就像在这个教程中一样。但是当我尝试在 SwiftUI 中执行此操作时,这是不可能的,看起来 SwiftUI 没有获取

UIColor
作为参数。

Text(text)
    .color(UIColor.init(hex: "FFF"))

错误信息:

Cannot convert value of type 'UIColor' to expected argument type 'Color?'

我什至尝试延长

Color
,而不是
UIColor
,但我没有任何运气。

我的

Color
扩展:

import SwiftUI

extension Color {
    init(hex: String) {
        let scanner = Scanner(string: hex)
        scanner.scanLocation = 0
        var rgbValue: UInt64 = 0
        scanner.scanHexInt64(&rgbValue)
        
        let r = (rgbValue & 0xff0000) >> 16
        let g = (rgbValue & 0xff00) >> 8
        let b = rgbValue & 0xff
        
        self.init(
            red: CGFloat(r) / 0xff,
            green: CGFloat(g) / 0xff,
            blue: CGFloat(b) / 0xff, alpha: 1
        )
    }
}

错误信息:

Incorrect argument labels in call (have 'red:green:blue:alpha:', expected '_:red:green:blue:opacity:')
ios swift swiftui uicolor
13个回答
173
投票

你就快到了,你使用了错误的初始化参数:

extension Color {
    init(hex: String) {
        let hex = hex.trimmingCharacters(in: CharacterSet.alphanumerics.inverted)
        var int: UInt64 = 0
        Scanner(string: hex).scanHexInt64(&int)
        let a, r, g, b: UInt64
        switch hex.count {
        case 3: // RGB (12-bit)
            (a, r, g, b) = (255, (int >> 8) * 17, (int >> 4 & 0xF) * 17, (int & 0xF) * 17)
        case 6: // RGB (24-bit)
            (a, r, g, b) = (255, int >> 16, int >> 8 & 0xFF, int & 0xFF)
        case 8: // ARGB (32-bit)
            (a, r, g, b) = (int >> 24, int >> 16 & 0xFF, int >> 8 & 0xFF, int & 0xFF)
        default:
            (a, r, g, b) = (1, 1, 1, 0)
        }

        self.init(
            .sRGB,
            red: Double(r) / 255,
            green: Double(g) / 255,
            blue:  Double(b) / 255,
            opacity: Double(a) / 255
        )
    }
}

80
投票

下面的另一种选择使用 Int 表示十六进制,但当然,如果您愿意,可以将其更改为 String。

extension Color {
    init(hex: UInt, alpha: Double = 1) {
        self.init(
            .sRGB,
            red: Double((hex >> 16) & 0xff) / 255,
            green: Double((hex >> 08) & 0xff) / 255,
            blue: Double((hex >> 00) & 0xff) / 255,
            opacity: alpha
        )
    }
}

使用示例:

Color(hex: 0x000000)
Color(hex: 0x000000, alpha: 0.2)

42
投票

试试这个:

extension Color {
    init(hex: Int, opacity: Double = 1.0) {
        let red = Double((hex & 0xff0000) >> 16) / 255.0
        let green = Double((hex & 0xff00) >> 8) / 255.0
        let blue = Double((hex & 0xff) >> 0) / 255.0
        self.init(.sRGB, red: red, green: green, blue: blue, opacity: opacity)
    }
}

用途:

Text("Hello World!")
    .background(Color(hex: 0xf5bc53))

Text("Hello World!")
    .background(Color(hex: 0xf5bc53, opacity: 0.8))

39
投票

这是一个包含我的解决方案的游乐场。它在后备之后添加了后备,并且仅依赖于颜色和 alpha 的 hexString。

import SwiftUI

extension Color {
    init(hex string: String) {
        var string: String = string.trimmingCharacters(in: CharacterSet.whitespacesAndNewlines)
        if string.hasPrefix("#") {
            _ = string.removeFirst()
        }

        // Double the last value if incomplete hex
        if !string.count.isMultiple(of: 2), let last = string.last {
            string.append(last)
        }

        // Fix invalid values
        if string.count > 8 {
            string = String(string.prefix(8))
        }

        // Scanner creation
        let scanner = Scanner(string: string)

        var color: UInt64 = 0
        scanner.scanHexInt64(&color)

        if string.count == 2 {
            let mask = 0xFF

            let g = Int(color) & mask

            let gray = Double(g) / 255.0

            self.init(.sRGB, red: gray, green: gray, blue: gray, opacity: 1)

        } else if string.count == 4 {
            let mask = 0x00FF

            let g = Int(color >> 8) & mask
            let a = Int(color) & mask

            let gray = Double(g) / 255.0
            let alpha = Double(a) / 255.0

            self.init(.sRGB, red: gray, green: gray, blue: gray, opacity: alpha)

        } else if string.count == 6 {
            let mask = 0x0000FF
            let r = Int(color >> 16) & mask
            let g = Int(color >> 8) & mask
            let b = Int(color) & mask

            let red = Double(r) / 255.0
            let green = Double(g) / 255.0
            let blue = Double(b) / 255.0

            self.init(.sRGB, red: red, green: green, blue: blue, opacity: 1)

        } else if string.count == 8 {
            let mask = 0x000000FF
            let r = Int(color >> 24) & mask
            let g = Int(color >> 16) & mask
            let b = Int(color >> 8) & mask
            let a = Int(color) & mask

            let red = Double(r) / 255.0
            let green = Double(g) / 255.0
            let blue = Double(b) / 255.0
            let alpha = Double(a) / 255.0

            self.init(.sRGB, red: red, green: green, blue: blue, opacity: alpha)

        } else {
            self.init(.sRGB, red: 1, green: 1, blue: 1, opacity: 1)
        }
    }
}

let gray0 = Color(hex: "3f")
let gray1 = Color(hex: "#69")
let gray2 = Color(hex: "#6911")
let gray3 = Color(hex: "fff")
let red = Color(hex: "#FF000044s")
let green = Color(hex: "#00FF00")
let blue0 = Color(hex: "0000FF")
let blue1 = Color(hex: "0000F")

从 Color 获取十六进制字符串.. 好吧,这不是公共 API。 我们仍然需要依赖 UIColor 实现。

PS:我看到了下面的组件解决方案..但是如果将来API发生变化,我的版本会更稳定一点。


10
投票

最佳实践

此方法是在应用程序中设置自定义颜色的预期方法。设置后,可以在所有视图中访问颜色并轻松更新。也是一行代码。

  1. 从项目文件所在的左侧面板打开“资产”文件夹

Color Set Example

  1. 现在在资源文件夹中,左侧应该有一个“+”按钮,单击该按钮并选择“颜色设置”。打开后,将其重命名为“Color1”

Color Set Example

  1. 现在单击页面中间的颜色方块,然后从右侧的检查器面板中单击“显示颜色面板”,选择您想要的颜色。

Color Set Example

  1. 现在返回到您要更改文本颜色的代码。

    Text
    .foregroundColor(Color("Color1"))
    

6
投票
extension Color {
  init(_ hex: UInt, alpha: Double = 1) {
    self.init(
      .sRGB,
      red: Double((hex >> 16) & 0xFF) / 255,
      green: Double((hex >> 8) & 0xFF) / 255,
      blue: Double(hex & 0xFF) / 255,
      opacity: alpha
    )
  }
}

然后,你可以像这样使用它:

let red = Color(0xFF0000)
let green = Color(0x00FF00)
let translucentMagenta = Color(0xFF00FF, alpha: 0.4)

第二个扩展允许从十六进制字符串构建颜色,涵盖大多数已知的格式。它允许:

指定带或不带前导 # 的颜色。 灰色阴影的 2 位数字格式。 3 位数字格式为速记 6 位数字格式。 带 alpha 的灰色的 4 位数字格式。 RGB 的 6 位格式。 RGBA 的 8 位格式。 对于所有无效格式自动返回 nil。

extension Color {
  init?(_ hex: String) {
    var str = hex
    if str.hasPrefix("#") {
      str.removeFirst()
    }
    if str.count == 3 {
      str = String(repeating: str[str.startIndex], count: 2) 
        + String(repeating: str[str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 1)], count: 2) 
        + String(repeating: str[str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 2)], count: 2)
    } else if !str.count.isMultiple(of: 2) || str.count > 8 {
      return nil
    }
    let scanner = Scanner(string: str)
    var color: UInt64 = 0
    scanner.scanHexInt64(&color)
    if str.count == 2 {
      let gray = Double(Int(color) & 0xFF) / 255
      self.init(.sRGB, red: gray, green: gray, blue: gray, opacity: 1)
    } else if str.count == 4 {
      let gray = Double(Int(color >> 8) & 0x00FF) / 255
      let alpha = Double(Int(color) & 0x00FF) / 255
      self.init(.sRGB, red: gray, green: gray, blue: gray, opacity: alpha)
    } else if str.count == 6 {
      let red = Double(Int(color >> 16) & 0x0000FF) / 255
      let green = Double(Int(color >> 8) & 0x0000FF) / 255
      let blue = Double(Int(color) & 0x0000FF) / 255
      self.init(.sRGB, red: red, green: green, blue: blue, opacity: 1)
    } else if str.count == 8 {
      let red = Double(Int(color >> 24) & 0x000000FF) / 255
      let green = Double(Int(color >> 16) & 0x000000FF) / 255
      let blue = Double(Int(color >> 8) & 0x000000FF) / 255
      let alpha = Double(Int(color) & 0x000000FF) / 255
      self.init(.sRGB, red: red, green: green, blue: blue, opacity: alpha)
    } else {
      return nil
    }
  }
}

这里有一些示例颜色,演示了所有支持的格式:

let gray1 = Color("4f")
let gray2 = Color("#68")
let gray3 = Color("7813")
let red = Color("f00")
let translucentGreen = Color("#00FF0066")
let blue = Color("0000FF")
let invalid = Color("0000F")

祝你好运;)


2
投票

我还使用了 hackingwithswift 的

UIColor
解决方案。 这是
Color
的改编版本:

init?(hex: String) {
    var hexSanitized = hex.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
    hexSanitized = hexSanitized.replacingOccurrences(of: "#", with: "")

    var rgb: UInt64 = 0

    var red: Double = 0.0
    var green: Double = 0.0
    var blue: Double = 0.0
    var opacity: Double = 1.0

    let length = hexSanitized.count

    guard Scanner(string: hexSanitized).scanHexInt64(&rgb) else { return nil }

    if length == 6 {
        red = Double((rgb & 0xFF0000) >> 16) / 255.0
        green = Double((rgb & 0x00FF00) >> 8) / 255.0
        blue = Double(rgb & 0x0000FF) / 255.0

    } else if length == 8 {
        red = Double((rgb & 0xFF000000) >> 24) / 255.0
        green = Double((rgb & 0x00FF0000) >> 16) / 255.0
        blue = Double((rgb & 0x0000FF00) >> 8) / 255.0
        opacity = Double(rgb & 0x000000FF) / 255.0

    } else {
        return nil
    }

    self.init(.sRGB, red: red, green: green, blue: blue, opacity: opacity)
}

1
投票

对于此任务,我们必须使用按位右移

>>
运算符和按位 AND
&
运算符。十六进制模式中的每个颜色通道使用 8 位,或从 0 到 255 的十进制值,或从 0x00 到 0xFF 的十六进制值。

这里使用位运算符来有效地分解十六进制值,方法是分别将颜色的红色分量向后移动 2 个字节(16 位),将绿色分量向后移动 1 个字节。让我们看看它在 Xcode 的 Live View 中是如何工作的。

0xFF     == 0x0000FF    // blue
0xFF00   == 0x00FF00    // green
0xFF0077 == 0xFF0077    // pink

这是代码:

import SwiftUI

extension Color {
    init(_ hexColor: UInt32) {
        self.init(uiColor: .init(
                      red: CGFloat(0xFF & (hexColor >> 0x10)) / 0xFF,
                    green: CGFloat(0xFF & (hexColor >> 0x08)) / 0xFF,
                     blue: CGFloat(0xFF & (hexColor >> 0x00)) / 0xFF,
                    alpha: 1.0))
    }
}

struct ContentView: View {
    
    @State private var hexColor: UInt32 = 0xFF0077    // Deep Pink HEX color
    
    var body: some View {
        ZStack {
            Color.black.ignoresSafeArea()
            Rectangle()
                .frame(width: 300, height: 300)
                .foregroundColor(.init(hexColor))
        }
    }
}

0
投票

使用方法

UIColor.init(hex: "f2000000")

UIColor.init(hex: "#f2000000")

UIColor.init(hex: "000000")

UIColor.init(hex: "#000000")

extension UIColor {
public convenience init(hex:String) {
var cString:String = hex.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).uppercased()
    
    if (cString.hasPrefix("#")) {
        cString.remove(at: cString.startIndex)
    }
    var r: CGFloat = 0.0
    var g: CGFloat = 0.0
    var b: CGFloat = 0.0
    var a: CGFloat = 1.0
    
    var rgbValue:UInt64 = 0
    Scanner(string: cString).scanHexInt64(&rgbValue)
    
    if ((cString.count) == 8) {
        r = CGFloat((rgbValue & 0xFF0000) >> 16) / 255.0
        g =  CGFloat((rgbValue & 0x00FF00) >> 8) / 255.0
        b = CGFloat((rgbValue & 0x0000FF)) / 255.0
        a = CGFloat((rgbValue & 0xFF000000)  >> 24) / 255.0
        
    }else if ((cString.count) == 6){
        r = CGFloat((rgbValue & 0xFF0000) >> 16) / 255.0
        g =  CGFloat((rgbValue & 0x00FF00) >> 8) / 255.0
        b = CGFloat((rgbValue & 0x0000FF)) / 255.0
        a =  CGFloat(1.0)
    }
    
    
    self.init(  red: r,
                green: g,
                blue: b,
                alpha: a
    )
} }

0
投票

您可以创建扩展为

导入 SwiftUI

extension Color {
    init(hex: UInt, alpha: Double = 1) {
        self.init(
            .sRGB,
            red: Double((hex >> 16) & 0xff) / 255,
            green: Double((hex >> 08) & 0xff) / 255,
            blue: Double((hex >> 00) & 0xff) / 255,
            opacity: alpha
        )
    }
}

如何使用

 Text("In order to write about life first you must live it")
    .foregroundColor(Color(hex: 0x969696))

在 6 位十六进制值之前使用 0x


0
投票

用途:

Color(hex: "#FFFFFF") // hashtag + uppercase value
Color(hex: "#ffffff") // hashtag + lowercase value
Color(hex: "FFFFFF") // without hashtag
Color(hex: "FFFFFF", alpha: 0.2) // color value + alpha value
Color(hex: "#0080FF80") // long color & alpha value

我的解决方案是基于UIColor的代码,它在生产环境中表现良好。 原代码在github上

extension Color {

    init(hex: String?, alpha: CGFloat? = nil) {
        let normalizedHexString: String = Color.normalize(hex)
        var ccc: CUnsignedLongLong = 0
        Scanner(string: normalizedHexString).scanHexInt64(&ccc)
        var resultAlpha: CGFloat {
            switch alpha {
            case nil: return ColorMasks.alphaValue(ccc)
            default: return alpha!
            }
        }
        self.init(CGColor(red: ColorMasks.redValue(ccc),
                          green: ColorMasks.greenValue(ccc),
                          blue: ColorMasks.blueValue(ccc),
                          alpha: resultAlpha))
    }

    func hexDescription(_ includeAlpha: Bool = false) -> String {
        guard let cgColor = self.cgColor else {
            return "Problem with cgColor"
        }
        guard cgColor.numberOfComponents == 4 else {
            return "Color not RGB."
        }
        guard let components = cgColor.components else {
            return "Problem with cgColor.components"
        }
        let aaa = components.map({ Int($0 * CGFloat(255)) })
        let color = String.init(format: "%02x%02x%02x", aaa[0], aaa[1], aaa[2])
        if includeAlpha {
            let alpha = String.init(format: "%02x", aaa[3])
            return "\(color)\(alpha)"
        }
        return color
    }

    fileprivate enum ColorMasks: CUnsignedLongLong {
        case redMask    = 0xff000000
        case greenMask  = 0x00ff0000
        case blueMask   = 0x0000ff00
        case alphaMask  = 0x000000ff

        static func redValue(_ value: CUnsignedLongLong) -> CGFloat {
            return CGFloat((value & redMask.rawValue) >> 24) / 255.0
        }

        static func greenValue(_ value: CUnsignedLongLong) -> CGFloat {
            return CGFloat((value & greenMask.rawValue) >> 16) / 255.0
        }

        static func blueValue(_ value: CUnsignedLongLong) -> CGFloat {
            return CGFloat((value & blueMask.rawValue) >> 8) / 255.0
        }

        static func alphaValue(_ value: CUnsignedLongLong) -> CGFloat {
            return CGFloat(value & alphaMask.rawValue) / 255.0
        }
    }

    fileprivate static func normalize(_ hex: String?) -> String {
        guard var hexString = hex else {
            return "00000000"
        }
        if hexString.hasPrefix("#") {
            hexString = String(hexString.dropFirst())
        }
        if hexString.count == 3 || hexString.count == 4 {
            hexString = hexString.map { "\($0)\($0)" } .joined()
        }
        let hasAlpha = hexString.count > 7
        if !hasAlpha {
            hexString += "ff"
        }
        return hexString
    }
}

-1
投票

您可以使用此扩展程序

UIColor

extension UIColor {
    convenience init(hexaString: String, alpha: CGFloat = 1) {
        let chars = Array(hexaString.dropFirst())
        self.init(red:   .init(strtoul(String(chars[0...1]),nil,16))/255,
                  green: .init(strtoul(String(chars[2...3]),nil,16))/255,
                  blue:  .init(strtoul(String(chars[4...5]),nil,16))/255,
                  alpha: alpha)}
}

Usage Example:

let lightGoldColor  = UIColor(hexaString: "#D6CDB2")

Test Code:

资源


-3
投票

从十六进制(3、4、6、8 个字符)创建 SwiftUI 颜色,支持

#
alpha
web constants
UIColor constants
。下面是使用示例。

Swift 软件包 iOS 14+ 包括对

Color
十六进制、随机、CSS 颜色和用户默认值的支持。

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