在ios中绘制图像的渐变

Question

如何以编程方式创建渐变颜色，如下图所示。

Answer 1

当你说“将它作为渐变应用于图像”时，你的意思是作为一个面具（在顶部显示图像，让图像在底部淡化为透明）？如果是这种情况，您可以使用CAGradientLayer将该渐变应用为蒙版：

CAGradientLayer *gradientMask = [CAGradientLayer layer];
gradientMask.frame = self.imageView.bounds;
gradientMask.colors = @[(id)[UIColor whiteColor].CGColor,
                        (id)[UIColor clearColor].CGColor];
self.imageView.layer.mask = gradientMask;

---

以上是一个简单的垂直渐变（因为默认是垂直，线性渐变）。但你问过startPoint，endPoint和locations。例如，如果您希望水平应用蒙版，则可以执行以下操作：

gradientMask.startPoint = CGPointMake(0.0, 0.5);   // start at left middle
gradientMask.endPoint = CGPointMake(1.0, 0.5);     // end at right middle

如果你想要两个渐变，一个在前10％，另一个在最后10％，你会做：

gradientMask.colors = @[(id)[UIColor clearColor].CGColor,
                        (id)[UIColor whiteColor].CGColor,
                        (id)[UIColor whiteColor].CGColor,
                        (id)[UIColor clearColor].CGColor];
gradientMask.locations = @[@0.0, @0.10, @0.90, @1.0];

---

如果你想要一个简单的渐变（而不是一个蒙版），你需要创建一个view然后添加渐变图层：

CAGradientLayer *gradient = [CAGradientLayer layer];
gradient.frame = view.bounds;
gradient.colors = @[(id)[UIColor whiteColor].CGColor,
                    (id)[UIColor blackColor].CGColor];
[view.layer addSublayer:gradient];

参见CAGradientLayer class reference。

Answer 2

我刚刚为Swift 2.0编写了一个UIImage扩展。也许它有一些用处。您可以使用UIColor（任意数字）数组和应绘制渐变的框架来调用它。

extension UIImage {

    class func convertGradientToImage(colors: [UIColor], frame: CGRect) -> UIImage {

        // start with a CAGradientLayer
        let gradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
        gradientLayer.frame = frame

        // add colors as CGCologRef to a new array and calculate the distances
        var colorsRef = [CGColor]()
        var locations = [NSNumber]()

        for i in 0 ... colors.count-1 {
            colorsRef.append(colors[i].CGColor as CGColorRef)
            locations.append(Float(i)/Float(colors.count-1))
        }

        gradientLayer.colors = colorsRef
        gradientLayer.locations = locations

        // now build a UIImage from the gradient
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(gradientLayer.bounds.size)
        gradientLayer.renderInContext(UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!)
        let gradientImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext()

        // return the gradient image
        return gradientImage
    }
}

像这样称呼它：

let colors = [
    UIColor.blueColor(),
    UIColor.greenColor()
    // and many more if you wish
]
let gradientImage = UIImage.convertGradientToImage(colors, frame: navigationBar.bounds)

并申请：

.backgroundColor = UIColor(patternImage: gradientImage)

要么

.setBackgroundImage(gradientImage, forBarMetrics: .Default)

Answer 3

CAGradientLayer *gradient = [CAGradientLayer layer];
gradient.frame = self.view.bounds;


gradient.startPoint = CGPointMake(1.0, 1.0); //Dark From bottom
gradient.endPoint = CGPointMake(1.0, 0);


gradient.colors = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
                   (id)[[UIColor blackColor] CGColor],
                   (id)[[UIColor clearColor] CGColor], nil];


[self.view.layer insertSublayer:gradient atIndex:0];

Answer 4

这是最好的方法，根据要求为我工作

CAGradientLayer *gradientLayer = [CAGradientLayer layer];
gradientLayer.frame = yourImageView.layer.bounds;

gradientLayer.colors = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
                        (id)[UIColor colorWithWhite:1.0f alpha:1.0f].CGColor,
                        (id)[UIColor colorWithWhite:0.0f alpha:0.9f].CGColor,
                        nil];

gradientLayer.locations = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
                           [NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.0f],
                           [NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.0f],
                           nil];

[yourImageView.layer addSublayer:gradientLayer];

Answer 5

-(void) drawGradientinBounds: (CGRect) currentBounds withColors:(NSArray*) colors andPercentages:(NSArray *)percentages andGradientDirectionIsVertical:(BOOL)isGradientDirectionVertical
{

    CGContextRef currentContext = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();

    CGGradientRef glossGradient;
    CGColorSpaceRef rgbColorspace;

    size_t num_locations = [percentages count];
    CGFloat locations[num_locations];
    for(int i=0;i<num_locations;i++)
        locations[i] = [[percentages objectAtIndex:i] floatValue];

    int comps = [colors count]*4;
    CGFloat components[comps];
    for(int i = [colors count]-1;i>=0;i--)
    {
        comps--;
        UIColor *c = [colors objectAtIndex:i];
        const CGFloat *cg = CGColorGetComponents([c CGColor]);
        components[comps] = cg[3];
        comps--;
        components[comps] = cg[2];
        comps--;
        components[comps] = cg[1];
        comps--;
        components[comps] = cg[0];
    }

    rgbColorspace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
    glossGradient = CGGradientCreateWithColorComponents(rgbColorspace, components, locations, num_locations);

    CGPoint topCenter;
    CGPoint endCenter;

    if(isGradientDirectionVertical)
    {
        topCenter = CGPointMake(CGRectGetMidX(currentBounds), currentBounds.origin.y);
        endCenter = CGPointMake(CGRectGetMidX(currentBounds), CGRectGetHeight(currentBounds)+currentBounds.origin.y);

    }
    else
    {
        topCenter = CGPointMake( currentBounds.origin.x,CGRectGetMidY(currentBounds));
        endCenter = CGPointMake(CGRectGetWidth(currentBounds)+currentBounds.origin.x,CGRectGetMidY(currentBounds));
    }
    CGContextDrawLinearGradient(currentContext, glossGradient, topCenter, endCenter, 0);

    CGGradientRelease(glossGradient);
    CGColorSpaceRelease(rgbColorspace);
}

并且此方法的输入是bounds，colorArray：

[NSArray arrayWithObjects:[UIColor blackColor], [UIColor whiteColor], nil]

percentageArray：

[NSArray arrayWithObjects:[NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.0], [NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.0], nil]