我正在使用 python、selenium 和 firefox 运行此代码，但仍然得到 'head' 版本的 firefox:
binary = FirefoxBinary('C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe', log_file=sys.stdout)
binary.add_command_line_options('-headless')
self.driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=binary)
我还尝试了二进制的一些变体：
binary = FirefoxBinary('C:\\Program Files\\Nightly\\firefox.exe', log_file=sys.stdout)
binary.add_command_line_options("--headless")
要无头调用 Firefox 浏览器，您可以通过
headlessOptions()from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
options = Options()
options.headless = True
driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=options, executable_path=r'C:\Utility\BrowserDrivers\geckodriver.exe')
driver.get("http://google.com/")
print ("Headless Firefox Initialized")
driver.quit()
还有另一种方法可以实现无头模式。如果您需要在 Firefox 中禁用或启用无头模式，无需更改代码，您可以将环境变量
MOZ_HEADLESS当您使用持续集成等方式并且想要在服务器中运行功能测试但仍然能够在 PC 中以正常模式运行测试时，这非常有用。
$ MOZ_HEADLESS=1 python manage.py test # testing example in Django with headless Firefox
或
$ export MOZ_HEADLESS=1 # this way you only have to set it once
$ python manage.py test functional/tests/directory
$ unset MOZ_HEADLESS # if you want to disable headless mode
第一个答案不再有效。
这对我有用：
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options as FirefoxOptions
from selenium import webdriver
options = FirefoxOptions()
options.add_argument("--headless")
driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=options)
driver.get("http://google.com")
我的回答：
set_headless(headless=True) is deprecated.
options.headless = True
对我有用
Used below code to set driver type based on need of Headless / Head for both Firefox and chrome:
// Can pass browser type
if brower.lower() == 'chrome':
driver = webdriver.Chrome('..\drivers\chromedriver')
elif brower.lower() == 'headless chrome':
ch_Options = Options()
ch_Options.add_argument('--headless')
ch_Options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")
driver = webdriver.Chrome('..\drivers\chromedriver',options=ch_Options)
elif brower.lower() == 'firefox':
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=r'..\drivers\geckodriver.exe')
elif brower.lower() == 'headless firefox':
ff_option = FFOption()
ff_option.add_argument('--headless')
ff_option.add_argument("--disable-gpu")
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=r'..\drivers\geckodriver.exe', options=ff_option)
elif brower.lower() == 'ie':
driver = webdriver.Ie('..\drivers\IEDriverServer')
else:
raise Exception('Invalid Browser Type')
对于 OP 或当前感兴趣的任何人，以下是目前适用于我的 Firefox 的代码部分：
opt = webdriver.FirefoxOptions()
opt.add_argument('-headless')
ffox_driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path='\path\to\geckodriver', options=opt)
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
if __name__ == "__main__":
options = Options()
options.add_argument('-headless')
driver = Firefox(executable_path='geckodriver', firefox_options=options)
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, timeout=10)
driver.get('http://www.google.com')
经过测试，按预期工作，这是来自 官方 - 无头模式 |莫斯拉
现在使用此代码：
options = Options()
options.headless = True
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=GeckoDriverManager().install(),options=options)
我们有一个警告：
DeprecationWarning：executable_path 已被弃用，请传入 Service 对象
换成这个，效果完美：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# selenium drivers: https://www.selenium.dev/documentation/webdriver/getting_started/install_drivers/
# pip3 install selenium
# pip3 install webdriver-manager
# for custom firefox installation: link firefox to /usr/bin/firefox, example: ln -s /opt/firefox/firefox-bin /usr/bin/firefox
from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.firefox import GeckoDriverManager
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.service import Service
options = Options()
options.headless = True
service = Service(executable_path=GeckoDriverManager().install())
driver = webdriver.Firefox(service=service, options=options)
driver.get("http://google.com/")
print("Headless Firefox Initialized")
driver.quit()
您可以使用 Firefox 以无头模式运行 Selenium，如下所示：
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.FirefoxOptions()
options.add_argument("-headless") # Here
driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=options)
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
options = Options()
options.add_argument("-headless") # Here
driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=options)
此外，下面的示例可以使用 Selenium、Firefox、pytest-django 和 Django 来测试 Django Admin：
# "tests/test.py"
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
@pytest.fixture(scope="class")
def firefox_driver_init(request):
options = webdriver.FirefoxOptions()
options.add_argument("-headless")
firefox_driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=options)
request.cls.driver = firefox_driver
yield
firefox_driver.close()
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("firefox_driver_init")
class Test_URL_Firefox(LiveServerTestCase):
def test_open_url(self):
self.driver.get(("%s%s" % (self.live_server_url, "/admin/")))
assert "Log in | Django site admin" in self.driver.title
或者：
# "tests/conftest.py"
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
@pytest.fixture(scope="class")
def firefox_driver_init(request):
options = webdriver.FirefoxOptions()
options.add_argument("-headless")
firefox_driver = webdriver.Firefox(options=options)
request.cls.driver = firefox_driver
yield
firefox_driver.close()
# "tests/test.py"
import pytest
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("firefox_driver_init")
class Test_URL_Firefox(LiveServerTestCase):
def test_open_url(self):
self.driver.get(("%s%s" % (self.live_server_url, "/admin/")))
assert "Log in | Django site admin" in self.driver.title