Django Python表单-提交具有多个表单和表单集的复杂视图

Question

想象一下这个概念，我有一个出租车，可以由一个团体订购一整天的多次访问，我应该为每次预订指派一个小组负责人。现在，我有一个预订（PNR），其中保存着客户行进路线，并为该预订指定了组​​长（运营商）。

我的观点包含这些：

1. 选择操作员的形式
2. 要添加的表单集客户端

在此视图中，我试图通过ajax分别保存每个表单或通过视图底部的按钮保存表单的所有数据，从而使用户更容易使用。

我已经搜索了几天，但在这两个链接1和2上却找到了最接近的方法，但是仍然无法使我的代码正确运行并执行应做的事情。 :(任何支持都将受到高度重视！

我的models.py：

class Operator (models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    # Other Fields

    def __str__(self):
        return self.code


class PNR (models.Model):
    date_created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    # Other Fields

    def __str__(self):
        return self.pk


class Client (models.Model):
    related_pnr = models.ForeignKey(PNR, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    # Other Fields

    def __str__(self):
        return self.related_pnr+" "+self.name

我的forms.py：

class ChooseOperatorCode(forms.Form):
    operator = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=Operator.objects.all())

    def clean(self, *args, **kwargs):
        operator = self.cleaned_data.get('operator')

        return super(ChooseOperatorCode, self).clean(*args, **kwargs)


class NewClientForm(forms.Form):
    name = forms.CharField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={}), label=False, max_length=200)
    # Other Fields

    def clean(self, *args, **kwargs):
        name = self.cleaned_data.get('name')
        # Other Fields

        return super(NewClientForm, self).clean(*args, **kwargs)

我的views.py：

@login_required
def create_pnr(request):

    pnr = PNR.objects.create(created_by_user=request.user)

    choose_operator_form = ChooseOperatorCode(request.POST or None)
    if choose_operator_form.is_valid():
        pnr.created_by_operator = choose_operator_form.cleaned_data.get('operator')
        pnr.save()
        choose_operator_form.save()

    clients_form = NewClientForm(request.POST or None)
    if clients_form.is_valid():
        client = Client()
        client.related_pnr = pnr.pk
        client.name = clients_form.cleaned_data.get('name')
        client.save()
        clients_form.save()
    context = {
        'pnr': pnr.pk,
        'choose_operator_form': choose_operator_form,
        'clients_form': clients_form,
    }
    return render(request, 'reservation_new.html', context)


@login_required
def edit_pnr(request, pnr_id):
    pnr = PNR.objects.get(id=pnr_id) 

    choose_operator_form = ChooseOperatorCode(request.POST or None)
    if choose_operator_form.is_valid():
        pnr.created_by_operator = choose_operator_form.cleaned_data.get('operator')
        pnr.save()

    clients_form = NewClientForm(request.POST or None)
    if clients_form.is_valid():
        client = Client()
        client.related_pnr = pnr.pk
        client.name = clients_form.cleaned_data.get('name')
        client.save()
        clients_form.save()
    context = {
        'pnr': pnr.pk,
        'choose_operator_form': choose_operator_form,
        'clients_form': clients_form,
    }
    return render(request, 'reservation_edit.html', context)

我的url.py：

    path('operation/reservation/new/', views.create_pnr, name='new_pnr'),
    path('operation/reservation/existing/<int:pnr_id>/', views.edit_pnr, 
       name='existing_pnr'),

最后是我的template.html ：（对于new和edit都适用）

<form  method="POST" action="{% url 'existing_pnr' pnr_id=pnr %}" id="choose_operator_form">
     {% csrf_token %}
     {{choose_operator_form}}
</form>
<form  method="POST" action="{% url 'existing_pnr' pnr_id=pnr %}" id="clients_form">
     {% csrf_token %}
     {{clients_form}}
</form>
<script type="javascript">
    $(document).('submit', '#choose_operator_form', function(e){
        e.preventDefault();

        $.ajax({
            type:'POST',
            url:"{% url 'existing_pnr' %}",
            data: $('#choose_operator_form').serialize(),
            success: function (result) {
                // show success msg
            },
            error: function (data) {
                // show error msg
            }
        });
    });

    //same code for clients form
</script>

Answer 1

pnr不会添加到request对象中，因此request.pnr没有任何意义。您需要通过URL传递id的PNR，这样就可以在视图中访问它：

• 在urls.py中，请确保edit_pnr视图的URL获得pnr_id：类似path('pnr/<int:pnr_id>/edit/', ..., name="existing_pnr")。
• 在您的模板中，构造用于编辑pnr的网址，如下所示：{% url 'existing_pnr' pnr_id=pnr %}
• 在您看来，收到pnr_id：def edit_pnr(request, pnr_id): ...

现在，您可以像这样获取正在编辑的PNR：pnr = get_object_or_404(PNR, pk=pnr_id)，如果有人尝试访问不存在的PNR，它将正确返回404 Not Found。