Amazon使用bs4阻止了Python 3抓取，请求

Question

几天前我运行该代码时，它运行良好：

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import datetime
import requests

def getWeekMostRead(date):
    nonfiction_page = requests.get("https://www.amazon.com/charts/"+date.isoformat()+"/mostread/nonfiction")
    content = "amazon"+date.isoformat()+"_nonfiction.html"
    with open(content, "w", encoding="utf-8") as nf_file:
        print(nonfiction_page.content, file=nf_file)

    mostRead_nonfiction = BeautifulSoup(nonfiction_page.content, features="html.parser")

    nonfiction = mostRead_nonfiction.find_all("div", class_="kc-horizontal-rank-card")

    mostread = []
    for books in nonfiction:
        if books.find(class_="kc-rank-card-publisher") is None:
            mostread.append((
                books.find(class_="kc-rank-card-title").string.strip(),
                books.find(class_="kc-rank-card-author").string.strip(),
                "",
                books.find(class_="numeric-star-data").small.string.strip()
            ))
        else:
            mostread.append((
                books.find(class_="kc-rank-card-title").string.strip(),
                books.find(class_="kc-rank-card-author").string.strip(),
                books.find(class_="kc-rank-card-publisher").string.strip(),
                books.find(class_="numeric-star-data").small.string.strip()
            ))
    return mostread

mostread = []
date = datetime.date(2020,1,1)
while date >= datetime.date(2015,1,1):
    print("Scraped data from "+date.isoformat())
    mostread.extend(getWeekMostRead(date))
    date -= datetime.timedelta(7)
print("Currently saving scraped data to AmazonCharts.csv")
with open("AmazonCharts.csv", "w") as csv:
    counter = 0
    print("ID,Title,Author,Publisher,Rating", file=csv)
    for book in mostread:
        counter += 1
        print('AmazonCharts'+str(counter)+',"'+book[0]+'","'+book[1]+'","'+book[2]+'","'+book[3]+'"', file=csv)
    csv.close()

出于某种原因，今天我试图再次运行它，并将其包含在返回的HTML文件中：

To discuss automated access to Amazon data please contact [email protected].\r\n\r\nFor information about migrating to our APIs refer to our Marketplace APIs at https://developer.amazonservices.com/ref=rm_5_sv, or our Product Advertising API at https://affiliate-program.amazon.com/gp/advertising/api/detail/main.html/ref=rm_5_ac for advertising use cases.

[我了解Amazon是一项繁重的防刮数据（或者至少我从一些回复和主题中读到了）。我试图在代码中使用标头和延迟，但是它不起作用。会有其他方法可以尝试吗？或者如果我应该等待，我应该等待多长时间？

Answer 1

如您所述，亚马逊非常抗刮擦。整个行业都围绕着从亚马逊抓取数据而建立，并且亚马逊拥有自己的API出售权，因此，从人们的最大利益出发，阻止人们自由地从其页面中获取数据。