虽然非循环运行的次数比预期的多

Question

我在尝试制作单词搜索难题生成器时遇到了问题，全天遇到了多个问题。 （由于这个社区，我解决了大多数问题！）

我现在有另一个问题，我有一个循环，应该找到一个位置来放置一个单词，将其放置，然后继续下一个单词。取而代之的是找到单词可能存在的所有可能位置，并将单词放置在所有可能的位置。我只希望每个字出现一次。我以为while not placed和placed = true行可以处理此问题，但无法正常工作。

感谢您的任何帮助，这是我的代码：

import tkinter as tk
import random
import string

handle = open('dictionary.txt')
words = handle.readlines()
handle.close()

grid_size = 10

words = [ random.choice(words).upper().strip() \
            for _ in range(5) ]

print ("The words are:")
print(words)

grid = [ [ '_' for _ in range(grid_size) ] for _ in range(grid_size) ]

orientations = [ 'leftright', 'updown', 'diagonalup', 'diagonaldown' ]

class Label(tk.Label):
    def __init__(self, parent, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(parent, **kwargs, font=("Courier", 44))
        #self.bind('<Button-1>', self.on_click)

    #def on_click(self, event):
        #w = event.widget
        #row, column = w.grid_info().get('row'), w.grid_info().get('column')
        #print('coord:{}'.format((row, column)))
        #w.destroy()

class App(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        for row in range(grid_size):
            for column in range(grid_size):
                for word in words:
                    word_length = len(word)

                    placed = False
                    while not placed:
                        orientation = random.choice(orientations)

                        if orientation == 'leftright':
                            step_x = 1
                            step_y = 0
                        if orientation == 'updown':
                            step_x = 0
                            step_y = 1
                        if orientation == 'diagonalup':
                            step_x = 1
                            step_y = -1
                        if orientation == 'diagonaldown':
                            step_x = 1
                            step_y = 1

                        x_position = random.randrange(grid_size)
                        y_position = random.randrange(grid_size)

                        ending_x = x_position + word_length*step_x
                        ending_y = y_position + word_length*step_y

                        if ending_x < 0 or ending_x >= grid_size: continue
                        if ending_y < 0 or ending_y >= grid_size: continue

                        failed = False


                        for i in range(word_length):
                            character = word[i]

                            new_position_x = x_position + i*step_x
                            new_position_y = y_position + i*step_y

                            character_at_new_position = grid[new_position_x][new_position_y]
                            if character_at_new_position != '_':
                                if character_at_new_position == character:
                                    continue
                                else:
                                    failed = True
                                    break

                        if failed:
                            continue
                        else:
                            for i in range(word_length):
                                character = word[i]

                                new_position_x = x_position + i*step_x
                                new_position_y = y_position + i*step_y

                                grid[new_position_x][new_position_y] = character
                                if ( grid[row][column] == grid[new_position_x][new_position_y] ):
                                    grid[row][column] = grid[new_position_x][new_position_y]
                                    Label(self, text=character).grid(row=row, column=column)
                        placed = True
                    #if ( grid[row][column] == '_' ):
                        #txt = random.SystemRandom().choice(string.ascii_uppercase)
                        #Label(self, text=txt).grid(row=row, column=column)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    App().mainloop()

Answer 1

我可以向您保证，您对while循环的期望是正确的。

In [1]: placed = False                                                                                                                                                                                             

In [2]: i = 0                                                                                                                                                                                                      

In [3]: while not placed: 
   ...:     i += 1 
   ...:     print(i) 
   ...:     if i == 5: 
   ...:         placed = True 
   ...:                                                                                                                                                                                                            
1
2
3
4
5

[给我，我怀疑您的代码总是命中continue，这意味着它从未命中过语句placed = True，因此无限循环。因此，我建议您检查continue的条件是否符合预期。

希望这会有所帮助！