我多年来不需要使用Linux，但现在我正在创建一个linux机器，所以我可以运行Ruby on Rails。我使用的是Ubuntu 18.04。我以为我已经装好了所有东西，并试图创建我的第一个Rails项目，但我在以下期间遇到错误：
run bundle install --local
Traceback (most recent call last):
19: from /usr/bin/rails:9:in `<main>'
18: from /usr/lib/ruby/2.5.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:59:in `require'
17: from /usr/lib/ruby/2.5.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:59:in `require'
16: from /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/rails/cli.rb:14:in `<top (required)>'
15: from /usr/lib/ruby/2.5.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:59:in `require'
14: from /usr/lib/ruby/2.5.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:59:in `require'
13: from /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/rails/commands/application.rb:17:in `<top (required)>'
12: from /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/thor/base.rb:444:in `start'
11: from /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/thor/group.rb:232:in `dispatch'
10: from /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/thor/invocation.rb:133:in `invoke_all'
9: from /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/thor/invocation.rb:133:in `map'
8: from /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/thor/invocation.rb:133:in `each'
7: from /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/thor/invocation.rb:133:in `block in invoke_all'
6: from /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/thor/invocation.rb:126:in `invoke_command'
5: from /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/thor/command.rb:27:in `run'
4: from (eval):1:in `run_bundle'
3: from /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/rails/generators/app_base.rb:351:in `run_bundle'
2: from /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/rails/generators/app_base.rb:335:in `bundle_command'
1: from /usr/lib/ruby/2.5.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:59:in `require'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.5.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:59:in `require': cannot load such file -- bundler (LoadError)
chris@linuxbox:~/Sites$
在深入研究问题之后，我发现我与宝石有沟通问题。我无法从命令行与rubygems.org通信！我尝试的所有东西似乎都超时，但我从浏览器访问rubygems.org没有任何问题。
我尝试安装捆绑器，但得到了这个（经过漫长的等待）：
chris@linuxbox:~/Sites$ gem install bundler
ERROR: Could not find a valid gem 'bundler' (>= 0), here is why:
Unable to download data from https://rubygems.org/ - timed out (https://api.rubygems.org/specs.4.8.gz)
chris@linuxbox:~/Sites$
我做了一些挖掘，我想知道我是否有OpenSSL问题。以下是eval语句的输出：
chris@linuxbox:~/Sites$ ruby -ropen-uri -e 'eval open("https://git.io/vQhWq").read'
Here's your Ruby and OpenSSL environment:
Ruby: 2.5.1p57 (2018-03-29 revision 63029) [x86_64-linux]
RubyGems: 2.7.7
Bundler: 1.16.2
Compiled with: OpenSSL 1.1.0g 2 Nov 2017
Loaded version: OpenSSL 1.1.0g 2 Nov 2017
SSL_CERT_FILE: /usr/lib/ssl/cert.pem
SSL_CERT_DIR: /usr/lib/ssl/certs
With that out of the way, let's see if you can connect to rubygems.org...
Bundler connection to rubygems.org: failed ❌ (execution expired)
RubyGems connection to rubygems.org: failed ❌ (timed out (https://rubygems.org))
Ruby net/http connection to rubygems.org: failed ❌
Unfortunately, this Ruby can't connect to rubygems.org. 😡
Even worse, we're not sure why. 😕
Here's the full error information:
Net::OpenTimeout: execution expired
/home/chris/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/net/http.rb:937:in `initialize'
/home/chris/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/net/http.rb:937:in `open'
/home/chris/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/net/http.rb:937:in `block in connect'
/home/chris/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/timeout.rb:103:in `timeout'
/home/chris/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/net/http.rb:935:in `connect'
/home/chris/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/net/http.rb:920:in `do_start'
/home/chris/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/net/http.rb:915:in `start'
(eval):90:in `<main>'
-e:1:in `eval'
-e:1:in `<main>'
You might have more luck using Mislav's SSL doctor.rb script. You can get it here:
https://github.com/mislav/ssl-tools/blob/8b3dec4/doctor.rb
Read more about the script and how to use it in this blog post:
https://mislav.net/2013/07/ruby-openssl/
我在该输出结束时下载并运行了doctor.rb脚本，这就是它所说的：
chris@linuxbox:~/Sites$ ruby doctor.rb
/home/chris/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.1/bin/ruby (2.5.1-p57)
OpenSSL 1.1.0g 2 Nov 2017: /usr/lib/ssl
SSL_CERT_DIR=""
SSL_CERT_FILE=""
HEAD https://status.github.com:443
#<Net::HTTPGatewayTimeOut 504 GATEWAY_TIMEOUT readbody=true>
chris@linuxbox:~/Sites$
所以我说我有SSL问题吗？我该如何解决？
我遇到了同样的问题，几乎是你提到的输出和命令。
这是在系统更新后。我认为问题是将openssl更新为1.1.1b，但我不确定其他软件是否也已更新。
我尝试过类似的东西
openssl s_client -connect www.rubygems.com:443
和
wget https://rubygems.org/rubygems/rubygems-2.7.7.tgz
我注意到它在2分钟之后连接起来。
我随便看了wget输出，并意识到它切换到ipv4地址时有效。
所以我搜索了如何在linux上优先选择ipv4而不是ipv6，并且似乎可以在基于glibc的系统上替换该行：
precedence ::ffff:0:0/96 10
通过
precedence ::ffff:0:0/96 100
（10到100）
上
/etc/gai.conf
之后我可以正常使用红宝石。
希望它会对你有所帮助。