django中的Authenticate方法返回None

Question

这是我第一次用Django做项目。作为第一步，我正在创建注册和登录用户的方法。

注册效果很好。但是，注册用户后，我尝试登录但没有成功。

我的models.py文件是：

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager, PermissionsMixin


class UserManager(BaseUserManager):
    def create_user(self, username, email, password=None, **extra_fields):
        user = self.model(username=username, email=email, **extra_fields)
        # set_password will handle the password before saving it in the database
        # It hash the password before saving it
        user.set_password(password)
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user

    def create_superuser(self, username, email, password=None, **extra_fields):
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', True)
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', True)
        return self.create_user(username, email, password, **extra_fields)

    
class User(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
    username = models.CharField(max_length=20, unique=True)
    email = models.EmailField(unique=True)
    password = models.CharField(max_length=256)
    fname = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    lname = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    is_active = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_staff = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    
    objects = UserManager()

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'username'
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['email']

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

    class Meta:
        managed = True
        db_table = "users"

而views.py中的登录方法如下：

def signin(request):

    if request.method == "POST":
        username = request.POST.get("username")
        password = request.POST.get("password")

        # Authenticate the user
        user = authenticate(request, username=username, password=password)

        # If it is not None - user exists and right credentials
        if user:
            login(request, user)
            fname = user.first_name
            return render(request, "authentication/index.html", {'fname': fname})
        else:
            messages.error(request, "Bad credentials")
            return redirect("home")

    return render(request, "authentication/signin.html")

另外，这是我的“注册”功能：

def signup(request):

    if request.method == "POST":
        username = request.POST.get("username")
        fname = request.POST.get("fname")
        lname = request.POST.get("lname")
        email = request.POST.get("email")
        password = request.POST.get("password")
        password2 = request.POST.get("password2") 

        myuser = User.objects.create_user(username = username, fname 
        = fname, lname = lname, email=email, password=password)
        myuser.first_name = fname
        myuser.last_name = lname
        myuser.is_active = False
        myuser.save()

        # redirect to login
        return redirect("signin")

    return render(request, "authentication/signup.html")

由于我在数据库中使用自定义用户表，因此我还将分享我的settings.py

from pathlib import Path
from Memovies.info import *

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent

EMAIL_USE_TLS = EMAIL_USE_TLS
EMAIL_HOST = EMAIL_HOST
EMAIL_HOST_USER = EMAIL_HOST_USER
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD
EMAIL_PORT = EMAIL_PORT

DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    "django.contrib.admin",
    "django.contrib.auth",
    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
    "django.contrib.messages",
    "django.contrib.staticfiles",
    "authentication",
    "catalog",
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    "django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware",
]

ROOT_URLCONF = "Memovies.urls"

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        "BACKEND": "django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates",
        "DIRS": ["templates"],
        "APP_DIRS": True,
        "OPTIONS": {
            "context_processors": [
                "django.template.context_processors.debug",
                "django.template.context_processors.request",
                "django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",
                "django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages",
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = "Memovies.wsgi.application"


AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'authentication.User'

#Authentication backends
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = (
        'django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend',
    )

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator",
    },
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator",
    },
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator",
    },
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator",
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = "en-us"

TIME_ZONE = "UTC"

USE_I18N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = "static/"

# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = "django.db.models.BigAutoField"

• 调试它，我意识到方法authenticate返回给我一个 None 。你知道可能是什么问题吗？

Answer 1

[已解决]我的代码很好，我只是没有考虑到用户未激活：P。