如何在 Selenium/Python 的参数化测试中从下拉列表中选择一个项目，其中 select 方法位于页面对象中？

Question

我的测试会遍历下拉列表中的每个值。在应用程序中，用户选择一个值，单击按钮将该值与其本身相乘，然后应用程序显示该计算的结果。测试验证计算结果与预期数字相符。

版本： py测试：7.4.4 硒：4.16.0 蟒蛇：3.12

这是我的 test_math.py ：

import pytest
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
from page_objects.app_page import AppPage

class TestMathApp:

    @pytest.mark.parametrize("input_value, expected_value",
                             [("1", "1"), ("2", "4"), ("3", "9"), ("4", "16"), ("5", "25"), ("6", "36"), ("7", "49"),
                              ("8", "64"), ("9", "81"), ("10", "100")])
    def test_nums_to_endpoint_1(self, driver, input_value, expected_value):
        app_page = AppPage(driver)
        app_page.open()
        app_page.select_value(input_value)
        app_page.click_endpoint_1()
        assert app_page.result == expected_value

然后这是我的页面对象，app_page.py :

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select

from page_objects.base_page import BasePage


class AppPage(BasePage):
    __url = "http://localhost:3000/"
    __header = (By.TAG_NAME, "h1")
    __instruction = (By.TAG_NAME, "h2")
    __dropdown = (By.TAG_NAME, "select")
    __endpoint_1_button = (By.XPATH, "//button[contains(text(),'Send to Endpoint 1')]")
    __endpoint_2_button = (By.XPATH, "//button[contains(text(),'Send to Endpoint 2')]")
    __response_text = (By.TAG_NAME, "span")
    __result = (By.TAG_NAME, "label")

    def __init__(self, driver: webdriver):
        super().__init__(driver)

    def open(self):
        super()._open_url(self.__url)

    def click_endpoint_1(self):
        super()._click(self.__endpoint_1_button)


    def select_value(self, input_value):  # will have to unravel this
        super()._wait_until_element_is_visible(self.__dropdown)
        Select(self._driver.find_element(self.__dropdown)).select_by_value(input_value)

    @property
    def result(self) -> str:
        return super()._get_text(self.__result)

和我的base_page.py：

from selenium import webdriver # may not need, idk
from selenium.common import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement import WebElement # see if I don't need this. it messes with select_by_value and WebElement below is being weird anyway.
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as ec

class BasePage:
    def __init__(self, driver: webdriver):
        self._driver = driver

    def _find(self, locator: tuple) -> WebElement: # think I need to add return?
        return self._driver.find_element(*locator)

    def _wait_until_element_is_visible(self, locator, time: int = 10):
        wait = WebDriverWait(self._driver, 10)
        wait.until(ec.visibility_of_element_located(locator))

    def _open_url(self, url: str):
        self._driver.get(url)  # does this need a wait?

    def _get_text(self, locator: tuple,  time: int = 10) -> str:
        self._wait_until_element_is_visible(locator, time)
        return self._find(locator).text

控制台中的下拉菜单如下所示：

<select>
    <option value="">Select</option>
    <option value="1">1</option>
    <option value="2">2</option>
    <option value="3">3</option>
    <option value="4">4</option>
    <option value="5">5</option>
    <option value="6">6</option>
    <option value="7">7</option>
    <option value="8">8</option>
    <option value="9">9</option>
    <option value="10">10</option>
</select>

当我忽略页面对象模型来实际选择下拉菜单的项目时，如下所示，测试通过。我根据输入验证结果是否正确（例如，输入为 3 时结果为 9）：

    def test_nums_to_endpoint_1(self, driver):
        app_page = AppPage(driver)
        app_page.open()
        dropdown_locator = Select(driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "select"))
        dropdown_locator.select_by_value("3")
        app_page.click_endpoint_1()
        assert app_page.result == "9", print("Endpoint 1 should have returned '" + str(expected_value) + "' for '" + str(input_value) + "' but returned '" + str(app_page.result) + "'")

我在测试中不断收到错误

selenium.common.exceptions.InvalidArgumentException: Message: invalid argument: 'using' must be a string

：

app_page.select_value(input_value)

...当尝试将参数化测试转换为在页面对象模型中工作时。

我的 select_value 方法有什么问题？看起来我有一个字符串，但在某个时刻，我的元组的内容似乎不再是字符串了？

Answer 1

要解决此问题，您应该使用 BasePage 中的 _find 方法，而不是直接在 AppPage 中的驱动程序上调用 find_element。这是修改后的 select_value 方法：

def select_value(self, input_value): super()._wait_until_element_is_visible(self.__dropdown) dropdown_element = self._find(self.__dropdown) 选择(dropdown_element).select_by_value(input_value)