我知道这个问题在堆栈溢出（和其他网站）上有很多答案，但似乎没有一个对我有用。这就是问题出现的地方。当我尝试运行我的服务器时，出现此错误：
Could not find nio4r-1.2.1 in any of the sources所以我运行了捆绑安装，引发了此错误：
Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
Make sure that `gem install nio4r -v '1.2.1' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'` succeeds before bundling.
当我这样做时，会发生这种情况：
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
current directory: /Users/admin/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/nio4r-1.2.1/ext/nio4r
/Users/admin/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20201129-28103-lmj40x.rb extconf.rb
checking for unistd.h... yes
checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... no
checking for rb_thread_call_without_gvl()... yes
checking for sys/select.h... yes
checking for poll.h... yes
checking for sys/epoll.h... no
checking for sys/event.h... yes
checking for sys/queue.h... yes
checking for port.h... no
checking for sys/resource.h... yes
creating Makefile
To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:
/Users/admin/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-darwin-18/2.3.0-static/nio4r-1.2.1/mkmf.log
current directory: /Users/admin/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/nio4r-1.2.1/ext/nio4r
make "DESTDIR=" clean
current directory: /Users/admin/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/nio4r-1.2.1/ext/nio4r
make "DESTDIR="
compiling monitor.c
compiling nio4r_ext.c
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:487:48: warning: '/*' within block comment [-Wcomment]
/*#define MIN_INTERVAL 0.00000095367431640625 /* 1/2**20, good till 2200 */
^
./../libev/ev.c:1829:31: warning: 'extern' variable has an initializer [-Wextern-initializer]
EV_API_DECL struct ev_loop *ev_default_loop_ptr = 0; /* needs to be initialised to make it a definition despite extern */
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
In file included from ./../libev/ev.c:2694:
./../libev/ev_poll.c:110:18: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: poll() returned illegal result, broken BSD kernel?", p < polls + pollcnt));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3100:12: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: watcher has invalid priority", ABSPRI (w) >= 0 && ABSPRI (w) < NUMPRI));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3103:14: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: pending watcher not on pending queue", pendings [ABSPRI (w)][w->pending - 1].w == w));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3113:16: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: active index mismatch in heap", ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [i])) == i));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3114:16: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: heap condition violated", i == HEAP0 || ANHE_at (heap [HPARENT (i)]) <= ANHE_at (heap [i])));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3115:16: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: heap at cache mismatch", ANHE_at (heap [i]) == ev_at (ANHE_w (heap [i]))));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3126:16: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: active index mismatch", ev_active (ws [cnt]) == cnt + 1));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3144:14: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: negative fd in fdchanges", fdchanges [i] >= 0));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3157:24: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: io watcher list contains a loop", w != w2));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3161:20: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: inactive fd watcher on anfd list", ev_active (w) == 1));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3162:20: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: fd mismatch between watcher and anfd", ((ev_io *)w)->fd == i));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3344:24: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: negative ev_timer repeat value found while processing timers", w->repeat > 0.));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3406:24: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: ev_periodic reschedule callback returned time in the past", ev_at (w) >= ev_rt_now));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3551:1: warning: non-void function does not return a value [-Wreturn-type]
}
^
./../libev/ev.c:3568:12: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: ev_loop recursion during release detected", loop_done != EVBREAK_RECURSE));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3737:9: error: implicit declaration of function 'rb_thread_call_without_gvl' is invalid in C99 [-Werror,-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
rb_thread_call_without_gvl(ev_backend_poll, (void *)&poll_args, RUBY_UBF_IO, 0);
^
./../libev/ev.c:3752:22: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: pipe_w not active, but pipe not written", ev_is_active (&pipe_w)));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3926:12: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: ev_io_start called with negative fd", fd >= 0));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3927:12: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: ev_io_start called with illegal event mask", !(w->events & ~(EV__IOFDSET | EV_READ | EV_WRITE))));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3936:12: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: ev_io_start called with corrupted watcher", ((WL)w)->next != (WL)w));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3951:12: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: ev_io_stop called with illegal fd (must stay constant after start!)", w->fd >= 0 && w->fd < anfdmax));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3971:12: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: ev_timer_start called with negative timer repeat value", w->repeat >= 0.));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:3999:14: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: internal timer heap corruption", ANHE_w (timers [active]) == (WT)w));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:4061:16: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: ev_periodic_start called with negative interval value", w->interval >= 0.));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:4093:14: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: internal periodic heap corruption", ANHE_w (periodics [active]) == (WT)w));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:4130:12: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: ev_signal_start called with illegal signal number", w->signum > 0 && w->signum < EV_NSIG));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:4133:12: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: a signal must not be attached to two different loops",
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:4251:12: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: child watchers are only supported in the default loop", loop == ev_default_loop_ptr));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
In file included from nio4r_ext.c:7:
./../libev/ev.c:4830:14: warning: expression result unused [-Wunused-value]
assert (("libev: loop to be embedded is not embeddable", backend & ev_embeddable_backends ()));
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/assert.h:93:25: note: expanded from macro 'assert'
(__builtin_expect(!(e), 0) ? __assert_rtn(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #e) : (void)0)
^
30 warnings and 1 error generated.
make: *** [nio4r_ext.o] Error 1
make failed, exit code 2
Gem files will remain installed in /Users/admin/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/nio4r-1.2.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/admin/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-darwin-18/2.3.0-static/nio4r-1.2.1/gem_make.out
到目前为止我尝试过的事情是：
sudo xcodebuild -license acceptbundle config build.nio4r --with-cflags="-std=c99"gem install nio4r -v '1.2.1' -- with-cflags="-std=c99"brew install gmpport.h我正在运行 Mac OS Catalina（最近升级）。当我升级时，我还必须升级我的 Xcode -
Version 12.2 (12B45b)version 2.3.1如果有人在catalina升级后遇到过这个问题并有解决方案，请帮忙。如果需要，我很乐意提供更多信息。
您可以使用选项
-Wno-error=implicit-function-declaration所以试试这个
gem install nio4r -v '1.2.1' -- --with-cflags="-Wno-error=implicit-function-declaration"
您可以为捆绑器添加相同的选项：
bundle config --local build.nio4r --with-cflags="-Wno-error=implicit-function-declaration"
# and then
bundle install
我使用的是运行 Sonoma 14.4 和 ruby 2.7.5 的 M1 Mac。
我必须向 cflags 添加更多内容才能安装 nio4r：
bundle config --local build.nio4r --with-cflags="-Wno-error=implicit-function-declaration -Wno-error=incompatible-function-pointer-types"