我是否可以在XCTest中调用API调用setUP（）或tearDown（）以在测试之间重置应用程序？我查看了XCUIApplication的点语法，我看到的只是.launch（）
或者有没有办法在Swift中调用shell脚本？然后我可以调用xcrun中间的测试方法来重置模拟器。
您可以添加“运行脚本”阶段来构建测试目标中的阶段，以便在针对它运行单元测试之前卸载应用程序， 不幸的是，这不是在测试用例之间 。
/usr/bin/xcrun simctl uninstall booted com.mycompany.bundleId
更新
在测试之间，您可以在tearDown阶段通过Springboard删除应用程序。虽然，这确实需要使用XCTest的私有头。 （标题转储可从Facebook's WebDriverAgent here获得。）
以下是Springboard类中的一些示例代码，用于通过点击并按住从Springboard中删除应用程序：
import XCTest
class Springboard {
static let springboard = XCUIApplication(bundleIdentifier: "com.apple.springboard")
/**
Terminate and delete the app via springboard
*/
class func deleteMyApp() {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
// Force delete the app from the springboard
let icon = springboard.icons["Citizen"]
if icon.exists {
let iconFrame = icon.frame
let springboardFrame = springboard.frame
icon.press(forDuration: 1.3)
// Tap the little "X" button at approximately where it is. The X is not exposed directly
springboard.coordinate(withNormalizedOffset: CGVector(dx: (iconFrame.minX + 3) / springboardFrame.maxX, dy: (iconFrame.minY + 3) / springboardFrame.maxY)).tap()
springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].tap()
}
}
}
import XCTest
class Springboard {
static let springboard = XCUIApplication(privateWithPath: nil, bundleID: "com.apple.springboard")
/**
Terminate and delete the app via springboard
*/
class func deleteMyApp() {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
// Resolve the query for the springboard rather than launching it
springboard.resolve()
// Force delete the app from the springboard
let icon = springboard.icons["MyAppName"]
if icon.exists {
let iconFrame = icon.frame
let springboardFrame = springboard.frame
icon.pressForDuration(1.3)
// Tap the little "X" button at approximately where it is. The X is not exposed directly
springboard.coordinateWithNormalizedOffset(CGVectorMake((iconFrame.minX + 3) / springboardFrame.maxX, (iconFrame.minY + 3) / springboardFrame.maxY)).tap()
springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].tap()
}
}
}
然后：
override func tearDown() {
Springboard.deleteMyApp()
super.tearDown()
}
私有标头是在Swift桥接头中导入的。你需要导入：
// Private headers from XCTest
#import "XCUIApplication.h"
#import "XCUIElement.h"
注意：从Xcode 10开始，XCUIApplication(bundleIdentifier:)现在由Apple公开，不再需要私有标头。
以下是删除应用程序和重置警告的上述答案的Objective C版本（在iOS 11和12上测试）：
- (void)uninstallAppNamed:(NSString *)appName {
[[[XCUIApplication alloc] init] terminate];
XCUIApplication *springboard = [[XCUIApplication alloc] initWithBundleIdentifier:@"com.apple.springboard"];
[springboard activate];
XCUIElement *icon = springboard.otherElements[@"Home screen icons"].scrollViews.otherElements.icons[appName];
if (icon.exists) {
[icon pressForDuration:2.3];
[icon.buttons[@"DeleteButton"] tap];
sleep(2);
[[springboard.alerts firstMatch].buttons[@"Delete"] tap];
sleep(2);
[[XCUIDevice sharedDevice] pressButton:XCUIDeviceButtonHome];
sleep(2);
}
}
..
- (void)resetWarnings {
XCUIApplication *settings = [[XCUIApplication alloc] initWithBundleIdentifier:@"com.apple.Preferences"];
[settings activate];
sleep(2);
[settings.tables.staticTexts[@"General"] tap];
[settings.tables.staticTexts[@"Reset"] tap];
[settings.tables.staticTexts[@"Reset Location & Privacy"] tap];
if (UI_USER_INTERFACE_IDIOM() == UIUserInterfaceIdiomPad) {
[settings.buttons[@"Reset"] tap];
} else {
[settings.buttons[@"Reset Warnings"] tap];
}
sleep(2);
[settings terminate];
}
此时，Xcode 7＆8和Simulator中的公共API没有出现任何可从setUp()和tearDown() XCText子类调用到模拟器的“重置内容和设置”的方法。
还有其他使用公共API的方法：
myResetApplication()应用程序代码以使应用程序处于已知状态。但是，设备（模拟器）状态控制受应用程序沙箱的限制......这在应用程序之外没什么帮助。这种方法适用于清除应用程序可控持久性。xcrun simctl erase all或xcrun simctl uninstall <device> <app identifier>或类似物来重置模拟器（或卸载应用程序）。 see StackOverflow: "How can I reset the iOS Simulator from the command line?"macos> xcrun simctl --help
# can uninstall a single application
macos> xcrun simctl uninstall --help
# Usage: simctl uninstall <device> <app identifier>
xcrun simctl erase all（或xcrun simctl erase <DEVICE_UUID>）或类似于Scheme Test部分。选择产品>方案>编辑方案...菜单。展开Scheme Test部分。在“测试”部分下选择“预执行”。单击（+）添加“新建运行脚本操作”。命令xcrun simctl erase all可以直接输入而无需任何外部脚本。调用选项1.应用程序代码重置应用程序：
A.应用程序UI。 [UI测试]提供重置按钮或其他重置应用程序的UI操作。 UI元素可以通过XCUIApplication例程XCTest，setUp()或tearDown()中的testSomething()来运用。
B.发射参数。 [UI测试]如Victor Ronin所述，可以从测试setUp()传递一个论点......
class AppResetUITests: XCTestCase {
override func setUp() {
// ...
let app = XCUIApplication()
app.launchArguments = ["MY_UI_TEST_MODE"]
app.launch()
......被AppDelegate收到......
class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate {
func application( …didFinishLaunchingWithOptions… ) -> Bool {
// ...
let args = NSProcessInfo.processInfo().arguments
if args.contains("MY_UI_TEST_MODE") {
myResetApplication()
}
C. Xcode方案参数。 [UI测试，单元测试]选择产品>方案>编辑方案...菜单。展开“方案运行”部分。 （+）添加一些参数，如MY_UI_TEST_MODE。该参数将在NSProcessInfo.processInfo()中提供。
// ... in application
let args = NSProcessInfo.processInfo().arguments
if args.contains("MY_UI_TEST_MODE") {
myResetApplication()
}
Z.直接电话。 [单元测试]单元测试包被注入到正在运行的应用程序中，可以直接调用应用程序中的一些myResetApplication()例程。警告：在加载主屏幕后运行默认单元测试。 see Test Load Sequence但是，UI测试包作为被测应用程序外部的进程运行。因此，单元测试中有效的方法会在UI测试中出现链接错误。
class AppResetUnitTests: XCTestCase {
override func setUp() {
// ... Unit Test: runs. UI Test: link error.
myResetApplication() // visible code implemented in application
更新了swift 3.1 / xcode 8.3
在测试目标中创建桥接头：
#import <XCTest/XCUIApplication.h>
#import <XCTest/XCUIElement.h>
@interface XCUIApplication (Private)
- (id)initPrivateWithPath:(NSString *)path bundleID:(NSString *)bundleID;
- (void)resolve;
@end
更新了Springboard类
class Springboard {
static let springboard = XCUIApplication(privateWithPath: nil, bundleID: "com.apple.springboard")!
static let settings = XCUIApplication(privateWithPath: nil, bundleID: "com.apple.Preferences")!
/**
Terminate and delete the app via springboard
*/
class func deleteMyApp() {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
// Resolve the query for the springboard rather than launching it
springboard.resolve()
// Force delete the app from the springboard
let icon = springboard.icons["{MyAppName}"] /// change to correct app name
if icon.exists {
let iconFrame = icon.frame
let springboardFrame = springboard.frame
icon.press(forDuration: 1.3)
// Tap the little "X" button at approximately where it is. The X is not exposed directly
springboard.coordinate(withNormalizedOffset: CGVector(dx: (iconFrame.minX + 3) / springboardFrame.maxX, dy: (iconFrame.minY + 3) / springboardFrame.maxY)).tap()
springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].tap()
// Press home once make the icons stop wiggling
XCUIDevice.shared().press(.home)
// Press home again to go to the first page of the springboard
XCUIDevice.shared().press(.home)
// Wait some time for the animation end
Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: 0.5)
let settingsIcon = springboard.icons["Settings"]
if settingsIcon.exists {
settingsIcon.tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["General"].tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["Reset"].tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["Reset Location & Privacy"].tap()
settings.buttons["Reset Warnings"].tap()
settings.terminate()
}
}
}
}
您可以要求您的应用程序“清理”自己
XCUIApplication.launchArguments设置一些标志我使用了@ODM answer，但修改了它以适用于Swift 4.注意：一些S / O答案没有区分Swift版本，这有时会有相当的根本区别。我已经在iPhone 7模拟器和iPad Air模拟器上进行了纵向测试，它适用于我的应用程序。
斯威夫特4
import XCTest
import Foundation
class Springboard {
let springboard = XCUIApplication(bundleIdentifier: "com.apple.springboard")
let settings = XCUIApplication(bundleIdentifier: "com.apple.Preferences")
/**
Terminate and delete the app via springboard
*/
func deleteMyApp() {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
// Resolve the query for the springboard rather than launching it
springboard.activate()
// Rotate back to Portrait, just to ensure repeatability here
XCUIDevice.shared.orientation = UIDeviceOrientation.portrait
// Sleep to let the device finish its rotation animation, if it needed rotating
sleep(2)
// Force delete the app from the springboard
// Handle iOS 11 iPad 'duplication' of icons (one nested under "Home screen icons" and the other nested under "Multitasking Dock"
let icon = springboard.otherElements["Home screen icons"].scrollViews.otherElements.icons["YourAppName"]
if icon.exists {
let iconFrame = icon.frame
let springboardFrame = springboard.frame
icon.press(forDuration: 2.5)
// Tap the little "X" button at approximately where it is. The X is not exposed directly
springboard.coordinate(withNormalizedOffset: CGVector(dx: ((iconFrame.minX + 3) / springboardFrame.maxX), dy:((iconFrame.minY + 3) / springboardFrame.maxY))).tap()
// Wait some time for the animation end
Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: 0.5)
//springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].firstMatch.tap()
springboard.buttons["Delete"].firstMatch.tap()
// Press home once make the icons stop wiggling
XCUIDevice.shared.press(.home)
// Press home again to go to the first page of the springboard
XCUIDevice.shared.press(.home)
// Wait some time for the animation end
Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: 0.5)
// Handle iOS 11 iPad 'duplication' of icons (one nested under "Home screen icons" and the other nested under "Multitasking Dock"
let settingsIcon = springboard.otherElements["Home screen icons"].scrollViews.otherElements.icons["Settings"]
if settingsIcon.exists {
settingsIcon.tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["General"].tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["Reset"].tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["Reset Location & Privacy"].tap()
// Handle iOS 11 iPad difference in error button text
if UIDevice.current.userInterfaceIdiom == .pad {
settings.buttons["Reset"].tap()
}
else {
settings.buttons["Reset Warnings"].tap()
}
settings.terminate()
}
}
}
}
我使用了@Chase Holland answer并使用相同的方法更新了Springboard类，以使用“设置”应用重置内容和设置。当您需要重置权限对话框时，这非常有用。
import XCTest
class Springboard {
static let springboard = XCUIApplication(privateWithPath: nil, bundleID: "com.apple.springboard")
static let settings = XCUIApplication(privateWithPath: nil, bundleID: "com.apple.Preferences")
/**
Terminate and delete the app via springboard
*/
class func deleteMyApp() {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
// Resolve the query for the springboard rather than launching it
springboard.resolve()
// Force delete the app from the springboard
let icon = springboard.icons["MyAppName"]
if icon.exists {
let iconFrame = icon.frame
let springboardFrame = springboard.frame
icon.pressForDuration(1.3)
// Tap the little "X" button at approximately where it is. The X is not exposed directly
springboard.coordinateWithNormalizedOffset(CGVectorMake((iconFrame.minX + 3) / springboardFrame.maxX, (iconFrame.minY + 3) / springboardFrame.maxY)).tap()
springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].tap()
// Press home once make the icons stop wiggling
XCUIDevice.sharedDevice().pressButton(.Home)
// Press home again to go to the first page of the springboard
XCUIDevice.sharedDevice().pressButton(.Home)
// Wait some time for the animation end
NSThread.sleepForTimeInterval(0.5)
let settingsIcon = springboard.icons["Settings"]
if settingsIcon.exists {
settingsIcon.tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["General"].tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["Reset"].tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["Reset Location & Privacy"].tap()
settings.buttons["Reset Warnings"].tap()
settings.terminate()
}
}
}
}
对于iOS 11 sims up，我做了一个非常小的修改，点击“x”图标，我们点击@Code Monkey建议的修复。修复在10.3和11.2手机模拟中都能很好地工作。为了记录，我正在使用swift 3.我想通过一些代码来复制和粘贴，以便更容易找到修复。 :)
import XCTest
class Springboard {
static let springboard = XCUIApplication(privateWithPath: nil, bundleID: "com.apple.springboard")
class func deleteMyApp() {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
// Resolve the query for the springboard rather than launching it
springboard!.resolve()
// Force delete the app from the springboard
let icon = springboard!.icons["My Test App"]
if icon.exists {
let iconFrame = icon.frame
let springboardFrame = springboard!.frame
icon.press(forDuration: 1.3)
springboard!.coordinate(withNormalizedOffset: CGVector(dx: (iconFrame.minX + 3 * UIScreen.main.scale) / springboardFrame.maxX, dy: (iconFrame.minY + 3 * UIScreen.main.scale) / springboardFrame.maxY)).tap()
springboard!.alerts.buttons["Delete"].tap()
}
}
}
这似乎适用于iOS 12.1和模拟器
class func deleteApp(appName: String) {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
// Force delete the app from the springboard
let icon = springboard.icons[appName]
if icon.exists {
icon.press(forDuration: 2.0)
icon.buttons["DeleteButton"].tap()
sleep(2)
springboard.alerts["Delete “\(appName)”?"].buttons["Delete"].tap()
sleep(2)
XCUIDevice.shared.press(.home)
}
}
更新Craig Fishers对Swift 4的回答。在横向上更新了iPad，可能仅适用于横向左侧。
导入XCTest
class Springboard {
static let springboard = XCUIApplication(bundleIdentifier: "com.apple.springboard")
class func deleteMyApp(name: String) {
// Force delete the app from the springboard
let icon = springboard.icons[name]
if icon.exists {
let iconFrame = icon.frame
let springboardFrame = springboard.frame
icon.press(forDuration: 2.0)
var portaitOffset = 0.0 as CGFloat
if XCUIDevice.shared.orientation != .portrait {
portaitOffset = iconFrame.size.width - 2 * 3 * UIScreen.main.scale
}
let coord = springboard.coordinate(withNormalizedOffset: CGVector(dx: (iconFrame.minX + portaitOffset + 3 * UIScreen.main.scale) / springboardFrame.maxX, dy: (iconFrame.minY + 3 * UIScreen.main.scale) / springboardFrame.maxY))
coord.tap()
let _ = springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].waitForExistence(timeout: 5)
springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].tap()
XCUIDevice.shared.press(.home)
}
}
}