我是使用Python构建GUI的新手。我正在构建一个从COM端口接收数据并将其显示在图形上的应用程序。一切都快完成了，我想在图形和滑块之间留出更多空间，但是当我使用AddSpacer时，它们的颜色不同并且看上去很尴尬。 Like this
下面是带有随机数据的程序代码，因此您可以尝试使用自己的计算机。任何帮助都非常感谢，谢谢！
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# simple.py
import wx
import serial
import time
import os
import numpy as np
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('WXAgg')
from collections import deque
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation
import random
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import FigureCanvasWxAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg import NavigationToolbar2WxAgg as NavigationToolbar
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
########################################################################
class SerialCom():
def __init__(self,port,b_rate):
self.port = port
self.b_rate = b_rate
global ser
ser = serial.Serial()
def connect(self): #Start connect
try:
ser.port = self.port
ser.baudrate = self.b_rate
ser.timeout=1
ser.write_timeout = 1
ser.open()
return('Connecting...')
except serial.SerialException:
return("No serial port found")
time.sleep(1) #Waiting for connection to initialize
def status(self):
x=os.path.exists(self.port)
if x==1:
return 'Connected'
else:
return 'Disconnected'
def disconnect(self):
return('Disconnecting')
ser.close()
class DataGen(object):
""" A silly class that generates pseudo-random data for
display in the plot.
"""
def __init__(self, init=50):
self.data = self.init = init
def next(self):
self._recalc_data()
return self.data
def _recalc_data(self):
delta = random.uniform(-0.5, 0.5)
r = random.random()
if r > 0.9:
self.data += delta * 15
elif r > 0.8:
# attraction to the initial value
delta += (0.5 if self.init > self.data else -0.5)
self.data += delta
else:
self.data += delta
########################################################################
class TopPanel(wx.Panel):
def __init__(self, parent):
wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent)
self.datagen = DataGen()
self.data = [DataGen().next()]
self.paused = False
self.InitGraph()
self.redraw_timer = wx.Timer(self)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_TIMER, self.on_redraw_timer, self.redraw_timer)
self.redraw_timer.Start(50)
def InitGraph(self):
# init graph
self.figure = Figure(dpi = 100)
self.ax = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
#set bg, x, y color
self.ax.set_title('Very important random data', size=14)
self.ax.grid(True, color='gray')
self.ax.tick_params(labelsize=8)
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self, -1, self.figure)
self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
self.sizer.Add(self.canvas, 1, wx.LEFT | wx.TOP | wx.EXPAND)
#self.sizer.AddSpacer(10)
self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
#self.vals = deque()
self.plot_data, = self.ax.plot([], [])
self.Fit()
def update_graph(self):
xmax = len(self.data) if len(self.data) > 50 else 50
xmin = xmax - 50
ymin = round(min(self.data), 0) - 1
ymax = round(max(self.data), 0) + 1
self.ax.set_xbound(lower=xmin, upper=xmax)
self.ax.set_ybound(lower=ymin, upper=ymax)
self.ax.grid(True, color='gray')
self.plot_data.set_data(np.arange(len(self.data)),np.array(self.data))
self.canvas.draw()
def on_redraw_timer(self, e):
#data = float(random.randint(1, 50))
#self.vals.append(data)
# update plot data
#length = len(self.vals)
self.data.append(self.datagen.next())
self.update_graph()
########################################################################
class BottomPanel(wx.Panel):
def __init__(self,parent):
wx.Panel.__init__(self,parent = parent)
self.InitUI()
def InitUI(self):
sizer = wx.GridBagSizer(5, 6)
self.timer = wx.Timer(self, 1)
self.timer.Start(1000)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_TIMER, self.OnTimer, self.timer)
#Create Sliders
self.Psld = wx.Slider(self, value=200, minValue=150, maxValue=500, style=wx.SL_HORIZONTAL)
self.Isld = wx.Slider(self, value=200, minValue=150, maxValue=500, style=wx.SL_HORIZONTAL)
self.Dsld = wx.Slider(self, value=200, minValue=150, maxValue=500, style=wx.SL_HORIZONTAL)
sizer.Add(self.Psld, pos=(0, 1), span=(1, 3), flag=wx.TOP|wx.EXPAND, border=10)
sizer.Add(self.Isld, pos=(1, 1), span=(1, 3), flag=wx.TOP|wx.EXPAND, border=10)
sizer.Add(self.Dsld, pos=(2, 1), span=(1, 3), flag=wx.TOP|wx.EXPAND, border=10)
#SliderLabels
Ptxt = wx.StaticText(self, label="P Term")
Itxt = wx.StaticText(self, label="I Term")
Dtxt = wx.StaticText(self, label="D Term")
sizer.Add(Ptxt, pos=(0, 0), flag=wx.LEFT|wx.TOP|wx.RIGHT, border=10)
sizer.Add(Itxt, pos=(1, 0), flag=wx.LEFT|wx.TOP|wx.RIGHT, border=10)
sizer.Add(Dtxt, pos=(2, 0), flag=wx.LEFT|wx.TOP|wx.RIGHT, border=10)
#Slider Value
self.Pval = wx.StaticText(self, label='200')
self.Ival = wx.StaticText(self, label='200')
self.Dval = wx.StaticText(self, label='200')
sizer.Add(self.Pval, pos=(0, 4), flag=wx.TOP|wx.RIGHT, border=10)
sizer.Add(self.Ival, pos=(1, 4), flag=wx.TOP|wx.RIGHT, border=10)
sizer.Add(self.Dval, pos=(2, 4), flag=wx.TOP|wx.RIGHT, border=10)
#Slider Event
self.Psld.Bind(wx.EVT_SCROLL, self.OnSliderScroll)
self.Isld.Bind(wx.EVT_SCROLL, self.OnSliderScroll)
self.Dsld.Bind(wx.EVT_SCROLL, self.OnSliderScroll)
st1 = wx.StaticText(self, label='COM port: ')
self.text_ctrl = wx.TextCtrl(self)
connect_btn = wx.Button(self, label='Enter')
sizer.Add(st1, pos=(0, 5), flag=wx.TOP|wx.RIGHT, border=12)
sizer.Add(self.text_ctrl, pos=(1, 5), flag=wx.TOP|wx.RIGHT, border=5)
sizer.Add(connect_btn, pos=(2, 5), flag=wx.TOP|wx.RIGHT|wx.ALIGN_LEFT, border=5)
connect_btn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnPress)
sizer.AddGrowableCol(1)
self.SetSizer(sizer)
def OnSliderScroll(self, e):
valP = self.Psld.GetValue()
valI = self.Isld.GetValue()
valD = self.Dsld.GetValue()
self.Pval.SetLabel(str(valP))
self.Ival.SetLabel(str(valI))
self.Dval.SetLabel(str(valD))
def OnPress(self,e):
global Ser
global statusbar
com = self.text_ctrl.GetValue()
if not com:
statusbar.SetStatusText("Please enter port!")
else:
Ser = SerialCom(com,115200)
statusbar.SetStatusText(Ser.connect())
statusbar.SetStatusText(com, 1)
time.sleep(1)
def OnTimer(self, event):
if Ser != None:
statusbar.SetStatusText(Ser.status())
########################################################################
class GuiFrame(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self,parent,title):
super().__init__(parent, title = title, size = (750,550))
top = TopPanel(self)
bottom = BottomPanel(self)
self.SetIcon(wx.Icon("icon2.png"))
global statusbar
main_sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
main_sizer.Add(top, 1, wx.EXPAND)
main_sizer.AddSpacer(5)
main_sizer.Add(bottom,0, wx.EXPAND)
main_sizer.AddSpacer(5)
self.SetSizer(main_sizer)
statusbar = self.CreateStatusBar(2)
statusbar.SetStatusText('Disconnected')
########################################################################
statusbar = None
Ser = None
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = wx.App()
frame = GuiFrame(None, title='PID Tuner')
frame.Show()
app.MainLoop()
结果是我需要在顶部和漫游器面板的顶部增加一个主面板。
self.panel = wx.Panel(self)
self.panel.SetBackgroundColour('black')
top = TopPanel(self.panel)
bottom = BottomPanel(self.panel)
self.SetIcon(wx.Icon("icon2.png"))
global statusbar
sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
sizer.Add(top, 1, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, 5)
sizer.AddSpacer(40)
sizer.Add(bottom, 0, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, 5)
self.panel.SetSizer(sizer)
statusbar = self.CreateStatusBar(2)
statusbar.SetStatusText('Disconnected')