我想在将一些div或输入添加到html时执行一个函数。这可能吗？
例如，添加文本输入，然后应该调用该函数。
MutationObserver：Chrome 18 +，Firefox 14 +，IE 11 +，Safari 6+
如果您需要支持较旧的方法，您可以尝试回归其他方法，例如下面5（！）年回答中提到的方法。有龙。请享用 ：）
别人正在改变文件？因为如果您可以完全控制更改，您只需创建自己的domChanged API - 使用函数或自定义事件 - 并在任何地方触发/调用它来修改内容。
DOM Level-2有Mutation event types，但旧版本的IE不支持它。请注意，突变事件是deprecated in the DOM3 Events spec并且有performance penalty。
您可以尝试在IE中使用onpropertychange模拟突变事件（如果没有可用的话，可以回到蛮力方法）。
对于完整的domChange，间隔可能是过度杀戮。想象一下，您需要存储整个文档的当前状态，并检查每个元素的每个属性是否相同。
也许如果你只对元素及其顺序感兴趣（正如你在问题中提到的那样），那么getElementsByTagName("*")就可以了。如果添加元素，删除元素，替换元素或更改文档结构，则会自动触发。
我写了一个概念证明：
(function (window) {
var last = +new Date();
var delay = 100; // default delay
// Manage event queue
var stack = [];
function callback() {
var now = +new Date();
if (now - last > delay) {
for (var i = 0; i < stack.length; i++) {
stack[i]();
}
last = now;
}
}
// Public interface
var onDomChange = function (fn, newdelay) {
if (newdelay) delay = newdelay;
stack.push(fn);
};
// Naive approach for compatibility
function naive() {
var last = document.getElementsByTagName('*');
var lastlen = last.length;
var timer = setTimeout(function check() {
// get current state of the document
var current = document.getElementsByTagName('*');
var len = current.length;
// if the length is different
// it's fairly obvious
if (len != lastlen) {
// just make sure the loop finishes early
last = [];
}
// go check every element in order
for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (current[i] !== last[i]) {
callback();
last = current;
lastlen = len;
break;
}
}
// over, and over, and over again
setTimeout(check, delay);
}, delay);
}
//
// Check for mutation events support
//
var support = {};
var el = document.documentElement;
var remain = 3;
// callback for the tests
function decide() {
if (support.DOMNodeInserted) {
window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function () {
if (support.DOMSubtreeModified) { // for FF 3+, Chrome
el.addEventListener('DOMSubtreeModified', callback, false);
} else { // for FF 2, Safari, Opera 9.6+
el.addEventListener('DOMNodeInserted', callback, false);
el.addEventListener('DOMNodeRemoved', callback, false);
}
}, false);
} else if (document.onpropertychange) { // for IE 5.5+
document.onpropertychange = callback;
} else { // fallback
naive();
}
}
// checks a particular event
function test(event) {
el.addEventListener(event, function fn() {
support[event] = true;
el.removeEventListener(event, fn, false);
if (--remain === 0) decide();
}, false);
}
// attach test events
if (window.addEventListener) {
test('DOMSubtreeModified');
test('DOMNodeInserted');
test('DOMNodeRemoved');
} else {
decide();
}
// do the dummy test
var dummy = document.createElement("div");
el.appendChild(dummy);
el.removeChild(dummy);
// expose
window.onDomChange = onDomChange;
})(window);
用法：
onDomChange(function(){
alert("The Times They Are a-Changin'");
});
适用于IE 5.5 +，FF 2 +，Chrome，Safari 3+和Opera 9.6+
IE9 +，FF，Webkit：
如果需要，使用MutationObserver并回退到弃用的Mutation events： （以下示例仅适用于有关添加或删除节点的DOM更改）
var observeDOM = (function(){
var MutationObserver = window.MutationObserver || window.WebKitMutationObserver;
return function( obj, callback ){
if( !obj || !obj.nodeType === 1 ) return; // validation
if( MutationObserver ){
// define a new observer
var obs = new MutationObserver(function(mutations, observer){
callback(mutations);
})
// have the observer observe foo for changes in children
obs.observe( obj, { childList:true, subtree:true });
}
else if( window.addEventListener ){
obj.addEventListener('DOMNodeInserted', callback, false);
obj.addEventListener('DOMNodeRemoved', callback, false);
}
}
})();
//------------< DEMO BELOW >----------------
// add item
var itemHTML = "<li><button>list item (click to delete)</button></li>",
listElm = document.querySelector('ol');
document.querySelector('body > button').onclick = function(e){
listElm.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend", itemHTML);
}
// delete item
listElm.onclick = function(e){
if( e.target.nodeName == "BUTTON" )
e.target.parentNode.parentNode.removeChild(e.target.parentNode);
}
// Observe a specific DOM element:
observeDOM( listElm, function(m){
var addedNodes = [], removedNodes = [];
m.forEach(record => record.addedNodes.length & addedNodes.push(...record.addedNodes))
m.forEach(record => record.removedNodes.length & removedNodes.push(...record.removedNodes))
console.clear();
console.log('Added:', addedNodes, 'Removed:', removedNodes);
});
// Insert 3 DOM nodes at once after 3 seconds
setTimeout(function(){
listElm.removeChild(listElm.lastElementChild);
listElm.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend", Array(4).join(itemHTML));
}, 3000);<button>Add Item</button>
<ol>
<li><button>list item (click to delete)</button></li>
<li><button>list item (click to delete)</button></li>
<li><button>list item (click to delete)</button></li>
<li><button>list item (click to delete)</button></li>
<li><em>…More will be added after 3 seconds…</em></li>
</ol>我最近写了一个插件，确切地说 - jquery.initialize
你使用它与.each函数相同
$(".some-element").initialize( function(){
$(this).css("color", "blue");
});
与.each的区别在于 - 它需要你的选择器，在这种情况下是.some-element并且在将来等待使用此选择器的新元素，如果添加这样的元素，它也将被初始化。
在我们的情况下，初始化函数只是将元素颜色更改为蓝色。因此，如果我们要添加新元素（无论是使用ajax还是F12检查员或其他任何东西），例如：
$("<div/>").addClass('some-element').appendTo("body"); //new element will have blue color!
插件会立即启动它。插件也确保一个元素只初始化一次。因此，如果你添加元素，然后.detach()它从body然后再添加它，它将不会再次初始化。
$("<div/>").addClass('some-element').appendTo("body").detach()
.appendTo(".some-container");
//initialized only once
插件基于MutationObserver - 它可以在IE9和10上使用readme page上详述的依赖项。
或者您可以简单地创建自己的事件，在任何地方运行
$("body").on("domChanged", function () {
//dom is changed
});
$(".button").click(function () {
//do some change
$("button").append("<span>i am the new change</span>");
//fire event
$("body").trigger("domChanged");
});
这个例子使用来自MutationObserver的Mozilla改编自这个blog post
Chrome 18 +，Firefox 14 +，IE 11 +，Safari 6+
// Select the node that will be observed for mutations
var targetNode = document.getElementById('some-id');
// Options for the observer (which mutations to observe)
var config = { attributes: true, childList: true };
// Callback function to execute when mutations are observed
var callback = function(mutationsList) {
for(var mutation of mutationsList) {
if (mutation.type == 'childList') {
console.log('A child node has been added or removed.');
}
else if (mutation.type == 'attributes') {
console.log('The ' + mutation.attributeName + ' attribute was modified.');
}
}
};
// Create an observer instance linked to the callback function
var observer = new MutationObserver(callback);
// Start observing the target node for configured mutations
observer.observe(targetNode, config);
// Later, you can stop observing
observer.disconnect();
使用MutationObserver界面，如Gabriele Romanato的blog所示
Chrome 18 +，Firefox 14 +，IE 11 +，Safari 6+
// The node to be monitored
var target = $( "#content" )[0];
// Create an observer instance
var observer = new MutationObserver(function( mutations ) {
mutations.forEach(function( mutation ) {
var newNodes = mutation.addedNodes; // DOM NodeList
if( newNodes !== null ) { // If there are new nodes added
var $nodes = $( newNodes ); // jQuery set
$nodes.each(function() {
var $node = $( this );
if( $node.hasClass( "message" ) ) {
// do something
}
});
}
});
});
// Configuration of the observer:
var config = {
attributes: true,
childList: true,
characterData: true
};
// Pass in the target node, as well as the observer options
observer.observe(target, config);
// Later, you can stop observing
observer.disconnect();
如何为此扩展jquery？
(function () {
var ev = new $.Event('remove'),
orig = $.fn.remove;
var evap = new $.Event('append'),
origap = $.fn.append;
$.fn.remove = function () {
$(this).trigger(ev);
return orig.apply(this, arguments);
}
$.fn.append = function () {
$(this).trigger(evap);
return origap.apply(this, arguments);
}
})();
$(document).on('append', function (e) { /*write your logic here*/ });
$(document).on('remove', function (e) { /*write your logic here*/ ) });
Jquery 1.9+已经为此建立了支持（我听说未经测试）。