mysql 显示表中可用的时间段和繁忙的时间段

Question

我有这个预订表结构

|ID|timeBooked         | duration |
|2 |2013-05-09 11:10:00| 30       |
|1 |2013-05-09 14:40:00| 15       |
|AI| timespan          | int(4)   |

duration 表示持续时间（以分钟为单位）。

所以我想要的是当我

时返回这样的记录集

查询2013年5月9日00:00:00至23:00:00之间的可用时段

|free_from|Free_until| Free |
|00:00:00 |11:10:00  | 1
|11:10:00 |11:40:00  | 0
|11:40:00 |14:40:00  | 1
|14:40:00 |14:55:00  | 0
|14:55:00 |23:00:00  | 1

仅用 mysql 可以吗？

Answer 1

好吧，纯粹的 MySQL - 只要人们喜欢这些技巧。我需要一个初始化为要显示的周期的“开始”的变量，通常类似于 now() 。

首先是测试数据：

create table bookingEvents 
   (id int not null primary key auto_increment,
    timeBooked datetime, 
    duration int
   );


insert into bookingEvents values (null, '2013-05-13 13:22:00', 15);
insert into bookingEvents values (null, '2013-05-13 15:10:00', 45);
insert into bookingEvents values (null, '2013-05-13 19:55:00', 30);
insert into bookingEvents values (null, '2013-05-14 03:22:00', 15);
insert into bookingEvents values (null, '2013-05-14 08:19:00', 15);

然后初始化“滑块”：

set @timeSlider='2013-05-10 00:00:00';

然后选择：

select if (d.name = 'Free', @timeSlider, b.timeBooked) as free_from,
       if (d.name = 'Free', b.timeBooked, @timeSlider := b.timeBooked + interval b.duration minute) as free_until,
       d.name as Free
from (select 1 as place, 'Free' as name union select 2 as place, 'Booked' as name) d 
inner join bookingEvents b 
having free_from < free_until
order by b.timeBooked, d.place;

结果：

+---------------------+---------------------+--------+
| free_from           | free_until          | Free   |
+---------------------+---------------------+--------+
| 2013-05-10 00:00:00 | 2013-05-13 13:22:00 | Free   |
| 2013-05-13 13:22:00 | 2013-05-13 13:37:00 | Booked |
| 2013-05-13 13:37:00 | 2013-05-13 15:10:00 | Free   |
| 2013-05-13 15:10:00 | 2013-05-13 15:55:00 | Booked |
| 2013-05-13 15:55:00 | 2013-05-13 19:55:00 | Free   |
| 2013-05-13 19:55:00 | 2013-05-13 20:25:00 | Booked |
| 2013-05-13 20:25:00 | 2013-05-14 03:22:00 | Free   |
| 2013-05-14 03:22:00 | 2013-05-14 03:37:00 | Booked |
| 2013-05-14 03:37:00 | 2013-05-14 08:19:00 | Free   |
| 2013-05-14 08:19:00 | 2013-05-14 08:34:00 | Booked |
+---------------------+---------------------+--------+

如果您有给定的结束时间戳，那么您必须将其预先设置为@timeMaximum

set @timeSlider='2013-05-10 00:00:00';
set @timeMaximum='2013-05-14 08:35:00';


select if (d.name = 'Free', @timeSlider, b.timeBooked) as free_from,
       if (d.name = 'Free', b.timeBooked, @timeSlider := b.timeBooked + interval b.duration minute) as free_until,
       d.name as Free
from (select 1 as place, 'Free' as name union select 2 as place, 'Booked' as name ) as d 
inner join bookingEvents b 
having free_from < free_until
union select @timeSlider as free_from, @timeMaximum as free_until, 'Free' as Free
from (select 1) as d
where @timeSlider < @timeMaximum

order by free_from, free_until
;

Answer 2

不确定如何获取空闲时间记录集，但我相信这是正确的方法：

SELECT id, 
    DATE_FORMAT(timeBooked, '%H:%i:%s') AS initial_time, 
    DATE_FORMAT(DATE_ADD(timeBooked, INTERVAL duration MINUTE), '%H:%i:%s') AS final_time, 
    duration
FROM your_table t1
WHERE DATE(timeBooked) = '2013-05-09'
ORDER BY t1.timeBooked ASC;

希望它能派上用场！

Answer 3

编辑： 被我的其他答案废弃了。只要您简单地浏览有序数据，性能就应该很好。

旧：

我认为，只要表中有合理数量的行，仅在 SQL 中，解决方案就会变得非常慢。

SQL 表本身并不能避免重叠。

我会使用这样的桌子：

CREATE TABLE bookingEvents (id int(11) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, 
    event ENUM('start', 'end') NOT NULL,
    bookingId INT(11) NOT NULL,
    eventTime DATETIME NOT NULL,
    index (eventTime)
);

其中 bookingId 引用包含有关预订信息的附加表。

然后你可以这样列出：

SELECT event, eventTime 
FROM bookingEvents 
WHERE (date or something)
ORDER BY eventTime;

您会得到（只要预订不重叠）交替的 bookingStart 和 bookingEnd 时间，其填充方式如下

time1  time2  booked
time2  time3  free
time3  time4  booked
time4  time5  free

您可以在每个条目中使用开始/结束检查轻松检查免费和预订的比赛。

插入预订非常简单

INSERT INTO bookingEvents (event, bookingId, eventTime) 
VALUES ('start', $bookingId, $timeBooked                          ), 
       ('end'  , $bookingId, $timeBooked + interval $length minute)
;

Answer 4

@flaschenpost 请用两个日期检查您的答案。我认为它没有按预期工作。 我说的是你的这个答案 设置@timeSlider='2013-05-10 00:00:00'; 设置@timeMaximum='2013-05-14 08:35:00';

选择 if (d.name = 'Free', @timeSlider, b.timeBooked) 作为 free_from, if (d.name = 'Free', b.timeBooked, @timeSlider := b.timeBooked + 间隔 b.duration 分钟) as free_until, d.name 为免费 from (选择 1 作为地点，“免费”作为名称 union 选择 2 作为地点，“预订”作为名称) as d 内部连接 bookingEvents b 有 free_from < free_until union select @timeSlider as free_from, @timeMaximum as free_until, 'Free' as Free from (select 1) as d where @timeSlider < @timeMaximum

按 free_from、free_until 排序；

不工作。总是给出不变的答案