我正在尝试设置包含一些基本设置的多个设置文件(开发,生产,...)。虽然不能成功。当我尝试运行./manage.py runserver
时,我收到以下错误:
(cb)clime@den /srv/www/cb $ ./manage.py runserver
ImproperlyConfigured: The SECRET_KEY setting must not be empty.
这是我的设置模块:
(cb)clime@den /srv/www/cb/cb/settings $ ll
total 24
-rw-rw-r--. 1 clime clime 8230 Oct 2 02:56 base.py
-rw-rw-r--. 1 clime clime 489 Oct 2 03:09 development.py
-rw-rw-r--. 1 clime clime 24 Oct 2 02:34 __init__.py
-rw-rw-r--. 1 clime clime 471 Oct 2 02:51 production.py
基本设置(包含SECRET_KEY):
(cb)clime@den /srv/www/cb/cb/settings $ cat base.py:
# Django base settings for cb project.
import django.conf.global_settings as defaults
DEBUG = False
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = False
INTERNAL_IPS = ('127.0.0.1',)
ADMINS = (
('clime', '[email protected]'),
)
MANAGERS = ADMINS
DATABASES = {
'default': {
#'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': 'cwu', # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
'USER': 'clime', # Not used with sqlite3.
'PASSWORD': '', # Not used with sqlite3.
'HOST': '', # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3.
'PORT': '', # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.
}
}
# Local time zone for this installation. Choices can be found here:
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_zones_by_name
# although not all choices may be available on all operating systems.
# In a Windows environment this must be set to your system time zone.
TIME_ZONE = 'Europe/Prague'
# Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
# http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/language-identifiers.html
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
SITE_ID = 1
# If you set this to False, Django will make some optimizations so as not
# to load the internationalization machinery.
USE_I18N = False
# If you set this to False, Django will not format dates, numbers and
# calendars according to the current locale.
USE_L10N = False # TODO: make this true and accustom date time input
DATE_INPUT_FORMATS = defaults.DATE_INPUT_FORMATS + ('%d %b %y', '%d %b, %y') # + ('25 Oct 13', '25 Oct, 13')
# If you set this to False, Django will not use timezone-aware datetimes.
USE_TZ = True
# Absolute filesystem path to the directory that will hold user-uploaded files.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/media/"
MEDIA_ROOT = '/srv/www/cb/media'
# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://media.lawrence.com/media/", "http://example.com/media/"
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
# Absolute path to the directory static files should be collected to.
# Don't put anything in this directory yourself; store your static files
# in apps' "static/" subdirectories and in STATICFILES_DIRS.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/static/"
STATIC_ROOT = '/srv/www/cb/static'
# URL prefix for static files.
# Example: "http://media.lawrence.com/static/"
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
# Additional locations of static files
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
# Put strings here, like "/home/html/static" or "C:/www/django/static".
# Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
# Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
)
# List of finder classes that know how to find static files in
# various locations.
STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
# 'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.DefaultStorageFinder',
)
# Make this unique, and don't share it with anybody.
SECRET_KEY = '8lu*6g0lg)9z!ba+a$ehk)xt)x%rxgb$i1&022shmi1jcgihb*'
# List of callables that know how to import templates from various sources.
TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
# 'django.template.loaders.eggs.Loader',
)
TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = (
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.core.context_processors.request',
'django.core.context_processors.debug',
'django.core.context_processors.i18n',
'django.core.context_processors.media',
'django.core.context_processors.static',
'django.core.context_processors.tz',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
'web.context.inbox',
'web.context.base',
'web.context.main_search',
'web.context.enums',
)
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'watson.middleware.SearchContextMiddleware',
'debug_toolbar.middleware.DebugToolbarMiddleware',
'middleware.UserMemberMiddleware',
'middleware.ProfilerMiddleware',
'middleware.VaryOnAcceptMiddleware',
# Uncomment the next line for simple clickjacking protection:
# 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
)
ROOT_URLCONF = 'cb.urls'
# Python dotted path to the WSGI application used by Django's runserver.
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'cb.wsgi.application'
TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
# Put strings here, like "/home/html/django_templates" or "C:/www/django/templates".
# Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
# Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
'/srv/www/cb/web/templates',
'/srv/www/cb/templates',
)
INSTALLED_APPS = (
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.sites',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'south',
'grappelli', # must be before admin
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.admindocs',
'endless_pagination',
'debug_toolbar',
'djangoratings',
'watson',
'web',
)
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'web.User'
# A sample logging configuration. The only tangible logging
# performed by this configuration is to send an email to
# the site admins on every HTTP 500 error when DEBUG=False.
# See http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/logging for
# more details on how to customize your logging configuration.
LOGGING = {
'version': 1,
'disable_existing_loggers': False,
'filters': {
'require_debug_false': {
'()': 'django.utils.log.RequireDebugFalse'
}
},
'formatters': {
'standard': {
'format' : "[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)s [%(name)s:%(lineno)s] %(message)s",
'datefmt' : "%d/%b/%Y %H:%M:%S"
},
},
'handlers': {
'mail_admins': {
'level': 'ERROR',
'filters': ['require_debug_false'],
'class': 'django.utils.log.AdminEmailHandler'
},
'null': {
'level':'DEBUG',
'class':'django.utils.log.NullHandler',
},
'logfile': {
'level':'DEBUG',
'class':'logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler',
'filename': "/srv/www/cb/logs/application.log",
'maxBytes': 50000,
'backupCount': 2,
'formatter': 'standard',
},
'console':{
'level':'INFO',
'class':'logging.StreamHandler',
'formatter': 'standard'
},
},
'loggers': {
'django.request': {
'handlers': ['mail_admins'],
'level': 'ERROR',
'propagate': True,
},
'django': {
'handlers':['console'],
'propagate': True,
'level':'WARN',
},
'django.db.backends': {
'handlers': ['console'],
'level': 'DEBUG',
'propagate': False,
},
'web': {
'handlers': ['console', 'logfile'],
'level': 'DEBUG',
},
},
}
LOGIN_URL = 'login'
LOGOUT_URL = 'logout'
#ENDLESS_PAGINATION_LOADING = """
# <img src="/static/web/img/preloader.gif" alt="loading" style="margin:auto"/>
#"""
ENDLESS_PAGINATION_LOADING = """
<div class="spinner small" style="margin:auto">
<div class="block_1 spinner_block small"></div>
<div class="block_2 spinner_block small"></div>
<div class="block_3 spinner_block small"></div>
</div>
"""
DEBUG_TOOLBAR_CONFIG = {
'INTERCEPT_REDIRECTS': False,
}
import django.template.loader
django.template.loader.add_to_builtins('web.templatetags.cb_tags')
django.template.loader.add_to_builtins('web.templatetags.tag_library')
WATSON_POSTGRESQL_SEARCH_CONFIG = 'public.english_nostop'
其中一个设置文件:
(cb)clime@den /srv/www/cb/cb/settings $ cat development.py
from base import *
DEBUG = True
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['127.0.0.1', '31.31.78.149']
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': 'cwu',
'USER': 'clime',
'PASSWORD': '',
'HOST': '',
'PORT': '',
}
}
MEDIA_ROOT = '/srv/www/cb/media/'
STATIC_ROOT = '/srv/www/cb/static/'
TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
'/srv/www/cb/web/templates',
'/srv/www/cb/templates',
)
manage.py
中的代码:
(cb)clime@den /srv/www/cb $ cat manage.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys
if __name__ == "__main__":
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "cb.settings.development")
from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
如果我将from base import *
添加到/srv/www/cb/cb/settings/__init__.py
(否则是空的),它神奇地开始工作,但我不明白为什么。任何人都可以向我解释这里发生了什么?它必须是一些python模块魔术。
编辑:如果我从base.py中删除此行,一切也开始工作
django.template.loader.add_to_builtins('web.templatetags.cb_tags')
如果我从web.templatetags.cb_tags中删除此行,它也会开始工作:
from endless_pagination.templatetags import endless
我想这是因为,最终,它会导致
from django.conf import settings
PER_PAGE = getattr(settings, 'ENDLESS_PAGINATION_PER_PAGE', 10)
所以它创造了一些奇怪的循环内容和游戏结束。
我有同样的错误,结果是由设置和设置模块本身加载的模块或类之间的循环依赖。在我的例子中,它是一个中间件类,它在设置中命名,它本身试图加载设置。
在settings目录的init.py中写入正确的import,如:
from Project.settings.base import *
无需更改wsgi.py或manage.py
我只是想补充说,当我的settings.py
文件中的数据库名称拼写错误时,我收到此错误,因此无法创建数据库。
我通过修复有错字的TEMPLATES设置解决了这个问题(删除了TEMPLATES ['debug']解决了它)
查看最近更改过的设置,确保所有按键均为按书。
对于任何使用PyCharm的人:绿色的“运行选定的配置”按钮会产生错误,同时运行py manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:8000 --settings=app_name.settings.development
会起作用。
要解决此问题,您需要编辑配置的环境变量。要执行此操作,请单击绿色运行按钮左侧的“选择运行/调试配置”下拉菜单,然后单击“编辑配置”。在“环境”选项卡下,将环境变量DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE
更改为app_name.settings.development
。
我通过删除=
文件中等号(.env
)周围的空格来解决这个问题。
为了在混合中投入另一个潜在的解决方案,我在项目目录中有一个settings
文件夹和一个settings.py
。 (我正在从基于环境的设置文件切换回一个文件。我已经重新考虑了。)
Python对我是否要导入project/settings.py
或project/settings/__init__.py
感到困惑。我删除了settings
目录,现在一切正常。
在我的情况下问题是 - 我有我的app_folder
和settings.py
。然后我决定在Settings folder
里面制作app_folder
- 这与settings.py
发生了碰撞。刚重命名为Settings folder
- 一切正常。
我的Mac OS不喜欢它没有在设置文件中找到env变量集:
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get('MY_SERVER_ENV_VAR_NAME')
但在将env var添加到我的本地Mac OS开发环境后,错误消失了:
export MY_SERVER_ENV_VAR_NAME ='fake dev security key that is longer than 50 characters.'
在我的情况下,我还需要添加--settings
param:
python3 manage.py check --deploy --settings myappname.settings.production
其中production.py是包含设置文件夹内的生产特定设置的文件。
我的问题是在LANGUAGES中可以调用get_text_noop
。
更改
LANGUAGES = (
('en-gb', get_text_noop('British English')),
('fr', get_text_noop('French')),
)
至
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
LANGUAGES = (
('en-gb', _('British English')),
('fr', _('French')),
)
在基本设置文件中解析了ImproperlyConfigured: The SECRET_KEY setting must not be empty
异常。
根据丹尼尔格林菲尔德的书“两勺Django”的说明重组设置后,我遇到了同样的问题。
我通过设置解决了这个问题
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "project_name.settings.local")
在manage.py
和wsgi.py
。
我和python manage.py runserver
有同样的错误。
对我来说,事实证明这是因为过时的编译二进制(.pyc)文件。删除项目中的所有此类文件后,服务器再次开始运行。 :)
因此,如果你不知从哪里得到这个错误,即没有做任何看似与django-settings相关的改变,这可能是一个很好的第一个措施。
删除.pyc文件
Ubuntu终端命令删除.pyc:find . -name "*.pyc" -exec rm -rf {} \;
当我做python manage.py runserver时,我遇到了同样的错误。这是因为.pyc文件。我从项目目录中删除了.pyc文件然后它正在工作。
它开始工作,因为在base.py上,您拥有基本设置文件中所需的所有信息。你需要这条线:
SECRET_KEY = '8lu*6g0lg)9z!ba+a$ehk)xt)x%rxgb$i1&022shmi1jcgihb*'
所以它有效,当你做from base import *
时,它会将SECRET_KEY导入你的development.py
。
在进行任何自定义设置之前,应始终导入基本设置。
编辑:另外,当django从你的包中导入开发时,它会初始化base中的所有变量,因为你在from base import *
中定义了__init__.py
我认为这是环境错误,你应该尝试设置:DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE='correctly_settings'
我没有指定设置文件:
python manage.py runserver --settings=my_project.settings.develop
我通过停用所有活动会话到virtualenv并再次启动它来解决在X和Django 1.5和1.6上发生的问题。
我和芹菜有同样的问题。我的setting.py之前:
SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get('DJANGO_SECRET_KEY')
后:
SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get('DJANGO_SECRET_KEY', <YOUR developing key>)
如果未定义环境变量,则:SECRET_KEY =您的开发密钥