我正在尝试使用runtime.connectNative和postMessage来实现chrome扩展。我遵循 chrome 文档,下载了 本机消息传递示例,我尝试在不进行任何更改的情况下运行该示例,而本机主机应用程序的代码可以在 here 找到。
但是,我收到错误: 未捕获的类型错误:无法读取未定义的属性“connectNative”。
错误是由 javascript 扩展文件触发的,在这一行中:
端口 = chrome.runtime.connectNative(主机名);
当从清单加载扩展时,如下所示:
"app": {
"launch": {
"local_path": "main.html"
}
}
有什么想法可以解决这个问题吗?
Chrome 版本 34,在 Windows 7、8.1 上测试
当前的问题是您没有正确运行示例代码。更大的问题是 Google 尚未提供有关如何使用此示例代码的全面文档。
您引用的本机消息传递示例仅链接到 Chrome 扩展程序的示例代码。经过搜索后,我找到了本机消息传递主机应用程序的相关示例代码。要同时获取 Chrome 扩展程序和本机消息传递主机应用程序的示例代码,您需要下载 nativeMessaging.zip。在该 zip 文件中,您还可以找到一些有关如何在 Windows、Linux 和 Mac OS X 上安装本机消息传递主机的简要说明。我现在就告诉您,这些说明不完整,因为它们没有告诉您如何安装Chrome 扩展程序。此外,用于安装和卸载本机消息传递主机的脚本在 OS X 上无法按原样工作。请参阅下面的安装说明和更正的脚本。
如何安装示例扩展和本机主机应用程序
chrome://extensions/
nativeMessaging
目录并选择 app
目录进行导入chmod a+rx nativeMessaging/host/install_host.sh nativeMessaging/host/native-messaging-example-host nativeMessaging/host/uninstall_host.sh
nativeMessaging/host/install_host.sh
和 nativeMessaging/host/uninstall_host.sh
中的一些错误。请参阅下面的更正脚本。nativeMessaging/README.txt
chrome://apps/
已更正
nativeMessaging/host/install_host.sh
#!/bin/sh
# Copyright 2013 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
# found in the LICENSE file.
set -e
DIR="$( cd "$( dirname "$0" )" && pwd )"
if [ $(uname -s) == 'Darwin' ]; then
if [ "$(whoami)" == "root" ]; then
TARGET_DIR="/Library/Google/Chrome/NativeMessagingHosts"
else
TARGET_DIR="$HOME/Library/Application Support/Google/Chrome/NativeMessagingHosts"
fi
else
if [ "$(whoami)" == "root" ]; then
TARGET_DIR="/etc/opt/chrome/native-messaging-hosts"
else
TARGET_DIR="$HOME/.config/google-chrome/NativeMessagingHosts"
fi
fi
HOST_NAME=com.google.chrome.example.echo
# Create directory to store native messaging host.
mkdir -p "$TARGET_DIR"
# Copy native messaging host manifest.
cp "$DIR/$HOST_NAME.json" "$TARGET_DIR"
# Update host path in the manifest.
HOST_PATH="$DIR/native-messaging-example-host"
ESCAPED_HOST_PATH=${HOST_PATH////\\/}
sed -i -e "s/HOST_PATH/$ESCAPED_HOST_PATH/" "$TARGET_DIR/$HOST_NAME.json"
# Set permissions for the manifest so that all users can read it.
chmod o+r "$TARGET_DIR/$HOST_NAME.json"
echo Native messaging host $HOST_NAME has been installed.
已更正
nativeMessaging/host/uninstall_host.sh
#!/bin/sh
# Copyright 2013 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
# found in the LICENSE file.
set -e
if [ $(uname -s) == 'Darwin' ]; then
if [ "$(whoami)" == "root" ]; then
TARGET_DIR="/Library/Google/Chrome/NativeMessagingHosts"
else
TARGET_DIR="$HOME/Library/Application Support/Google/Chrome/NativeMessagingHosts"
fi
else
if [ "$(whoami)" == "root" ]; then
TARGET_DIR="/etc/opt/chrome/native-messaging-hosts"
else
TARGET_DIR="$HOME/.config/google-chrome/NativeMessagingHosts"
fi
fi
HOST_NAME=com.google.chrome.example.echo
rm "$TARGET_DIR/com.google.chrome.example.echo.json"
echo Native messaging host $HOST_NAME has been uninstalled.
我想提供一个 python 3 版本的脚本来替换 native-messaging-example-host。它已使用 Chrome v86 进行测试并按预期工作。请注意,当 tkinter 窗口关闭时,Python 内核崩溃 - 这是因为threading内部的二进制数据交换导致线程被硬锁定(更多信息here)。我添加了一个从 chrome 应用程序发送的命令 exit 以停止线程等待另一个标准输入。收到后,退出时python不会崩溃。
Python 3版本(使用3.7.4测试):
# A simple native messaging host. Shows a Tkinter dialog with incoming messages
# that also allows to send message back to the webapp.
import struct
import sys
import threading
import queue as Queue
try:
import tkinter as Tkinter
import tkinter.messagebox
except ImportError:
Tkinter = None
# On Windows, the default I/O mode is O_TEXT. Set this to O_BINARY
# to avoid unwanted modifications of the input/output streams.
if sys.platform == "win32":
import os, msvcrt
msvcrt.setmode(sys.stdin.fileno(), os.O_BINARY)
msvcrt.setmode(sys.stdout.fileno(), os.O_BINARY)
# Helper function that sends a message to the webapp.
def send_message(message):
# Write message size.
sys.stdout.buffer.write(struct.pack('I', len(message)))
# Write the message itself.
sys.stdout.write(message)
sys.stdout.flush()
# Thread that reads messages from the webapp.
def read_thread_func(queue):
message_number = 0
while 1:
# Read the message length (first 4 bytes).
text_length_bytes = sys.stdin.buffer.read(4)
if len(text_length_bytes) == 0:
if queue:
queue.put(None)
sys.exit(0)
# Unpack message length as 4 byte integer.
text_length = struct.unpack('@I', text_length_bytes)[0]
# Read the text (JSON object) of the message.
text = sys.stdin.buffer.read(text_length).decode('utf-8')
if text == '{"text":"exit"}':
break
if queue:
queue.put(text)
else:
# In headless mode just send an echo message back.
send_message('{"echo": %s}' % text)
if Tkinter:
class NativeMessagingWindow(tkinter.Frame):
def __init__(self, queue):
self.queue = queue
tkinter.Frame.__init__(self)
self.pack()
self.text = tkinter.Text(self)
self.text.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10, columnspan=2)
self.text.config(state=tkinter.DISABLED, height=10, width=40)
self.messageContent = tkinter.StringVar()
self.sendEntry = tkinter.Entry(self, textvariable=self.messageContent)
self.sendEntry.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)
self.sendButton = tkinter.Button(self, text="Send", command=self.onSend)
self.sendButton.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)
self.after(100, self.processMessages)
def processMessages(self):
while not self.queue.empty():
message = self.queue.get_nowait()
if message == None:
self.quit()
return
self.log("Received %s" % message)
self.after(100, self.processMessages)
def onSend(self):
text = '{"text": "' + self.messageContent.get() + '"}'
self.log('Sending %s' % text)
try:
send_message(text)
except IOError:
tkinter.messagebox.showinfo('Native Messaging Example',
'Failed to send message.')
sys.exit(1)
def log(self, message):
self.text.config(state=tkinter.NORMAL)
self.text.insert(tkinter.END, message + "\n")
self.text.config(state=tkinter.DISABLED)
def Main():
if not Tkinter:
send_message('"Tkinter python module wasn\'t found. Running in headless ' +
'mode. Please consider installing Tkinter."')
read_thread_func(None)
sys.exit(0)
queue = Queue.Queue()
main_window = NativeMessagingWindow(queue)
main_window.master.title('Native Messaging Example')
thread = threading.Thread(target=read_thread_func, args=(queue,))
thread.daemon = True
thread.start()
main_window.mainloop()
sys.exit(0)
if __name__ == '__main__':
Main()
免责声明:我使用 2to3 实用程序初始转换为 python 3。我还采用了 webextensions (firefox) 版本的 nativeMessage API 示例的更改(它经过简化,不使用 tkinter gui)。