ASP.NET测试Api控制器：Uri（Request.GetEncodedUrl（）…）返回null

Question

我正在测试ASP.NET Core Api post方法，但是得到了System.NullReferenceException导致我的测试失败。

当我尝试返回Created（）-ActionResult时，出现空异常，如下所示：

return Created(new Uri(Request.GetEncodedUrl() + "/" + personDto.Id), personDto);

我的personDto.Id也不是personDto不为null，但是Uri（）的结果返回null。我已经用谷歌搜索，但是没有找到解决方案，但是我相信我必须以某种方式模拟Uri（）方法（我对测试和asp.net来说是新手）。在对SQL Server进行“实时”测试时，Api可以很好地工作。

我正在使用Moq和NUnit进行测试，以下是我的设置和测试方法的一部分：

public void SetUp()
{
    _mapper = GenerateConcreteInstance();

    _personService = new Mock<IPersonService>();

    _personService.Setup(ps => ps.Create(It.IsAny<Person>())).Verifiable();

    _controller = new PeopleController(_personService.Object, _mapper);
}

[Test]
public void CreatePerson_WhenCalled_IsNotNull()
{
    var personDto = new PersonDto()
    {
        Id = 3,
        Firstname = "Karl",
        Lastname = "Karlsson",
        City = "Oslo",
        Email = "[email protected]"
    };

    var result = _controller.CreatePerson(personDto);

    var createdResult = result as CreatedResult;

    Assert.IsNotNull(createdResult);
}

以及我要测试的控制器：

[HttpPost]
public IActionResult CreatePerson(PersonDto personDto)
{
    if (!ModelState.IsValid)
        return BadRequest();

    var person = _mapper.Map<PersonDto, Person>(personDto);
    person.DateCreated = DateTime.Now;

    _personService.Create(person);
    _personService.Save();

    personDto.Id = person.Id;

    return Created(new Uri(Request.GetEncodedUrl() + "/" + personDto.Id), personDto);
}

如何正确设置此测试以避免null异常？如果我的测试在任何其他方面都不好，将非常感谢您提供有关如何解决此问题的帮助，以及一般的指针。

更新

我已经像这样修改了测试。我在正确的轨道上吗？

public void CreatePerson_WhenCalled_IsNotNull()
{
    var personDto = new PersonDto()
    {
        Id = 3,
        Firstname = "Karl",
        Lastname = "Karlsson",
        City = "Oslo",
        Email = "[email protected]"
    };

    var request = new Mock<HttpRequest>();
    request.Setup(x => x.Headers).Returns(
        new HeaderDictionary {
        {"X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest"}
    });


    var context = new Mock<HttpContext>();
    context.Setup(x => x.Request).Returns(request.Object);

    _controller.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext()
    {
        HttpContext = context.Object
    };

    var result = _controller.CreatePerson(personDto);

    var createdResult = result as CreatedResult;

    Assert.IsNotNull(createdResult);
}

Answer 1

Request.GetEncodedUrl()扩展名依赖于有效的请求。

/// <summary>
/// Returns the combined components of the request URL in a fully escaped form suitable for use in HTTP headers
/// and other HTTP operations.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="request">The request to assemble the uri pieces from.</param>
/// <returns>The encoded string version of the URL from <paramref name="request"/>.</returns>
public static string GetEncodedUrl(this HttpRequest request)
{
    return BuildAbsolute(request.Scheme, request.Host, request.PathBase, request.Path, request.QueryString);
}

Source

哪个会失败

if (scheme == null)
{
    throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(scheme));
}

Source

没有与所示示例关联的上下文或请求，因此我建议提供一个有效的上下文，其中包含必要的成员，以便按预期进行测试。

//...omitted for brevity

var httpContext = new DefaultHttpContext();
//http://localhost/example
httpContext.Request.Scheme = "http";
httpContext.Request.Host = new HostString("localhost");

//Controller needs a controller context 
var controllerContext = new ControllerContext() {
    HttpContext = httpContext,
};
//assign context to controller
_controller.ControllerContext = controllerContext;

//...omitted for brevity