我正在升级我的 Android 应用程序以支持 API 33。 为此,我还升级了 protobuf 和 grpc 库。 如果我直接从 Android Studio 构建并运行到我的手机上,一切都会升级并且应用程序可以运行。 但是,如果我尝试构建用于发布应用程序的捆绑包,则会收到以下错误。
Type com.google.protobuf.Any$1 is defined multiple times: C:\Users\ilker\.gradle\caches\transforms-3\156cd40978d20d5791c06b9e4b80c4fc\transformed\jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7.jar:com/google/protobuf/Any$1.class, C:\Development\workspace\android_studio\VectorCTRLPRO\app\build\intermediates\javac\release\classes\com\google\protobuf\Any$1.class
我的build.gradle(应用程序级别)是这样的:
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'com.google.protobuf'
apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'
apply plugin: 'com.google.firebase.crashlytics'
android {
compileSdkVersion 33
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.test.app"
minSdkVersion 21
targetSdkVersion 33
versionCode 125
versionName "12.5"
multiDexEnabled true
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled true
shrinkResources true
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile(
'proguard-android-optimize.txt'),
'proguard-rules.pro'
firebaseCrashlytics {
mappingFileUploadEnabled true
}
}
}
lintOptions {
disable 'GoogleAppIndexingWarning', 'HardcodedText', 'InvalidPackage'
textReport true
textOutput "stdout"
}
compileOptions {
sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}
packagingOptions {
exclude 'META-INF/DEPENDENCIES'
exclude 'META-INF/LICENSE'
exclude 'META-INF/LICENSE.txt'
exclude 'META-INF/license.txt'
exclude 'META-INF/NOTICE'
exclude 'META-INF/NOTICE.txt'
exclude 'META-INF/notice.txt'
exclude 'META-INF/ASL2.0'
exclude 'META-INF/INDEX.LIST'
exclude 'META-INF/io.netty.versions.properties'
}
}
dependencies {
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.7.0-alpha02'
implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.1.4'
implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.8.0'
implementation 'io.grpc:grpc-okhttp:1.52.1'
implementation 'io.grpc:grpc-protobuf-lite:1.52.1'
implementation 'io.grpc:grpc-stub:1.52.1'
implementation 'javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:1.2'
protobuf 'com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java:3.23.2'
protobuf 'com.google.api.grpc:googleapis-common-protos:0.0.3'
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-ads:22.1.0'
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:21.3.0'
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-crashlytics:18.3.7'
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:23.1.2'
implementation ('com.google.firebase:firebase-inappmessaging-display:20.3.2') {
exclude group: 'com.google.firebase', module: 'protolite-well-known-types'
}
implementation 'org.jcodec:jcodec:0.2.5'
implementation 'org.jcodec:jcodec-android:0.2.5'
implementation 'org.jcodec:jcodec-javase:0.2.5'
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-vision:20.1.3'
implementation 'com.google.android.ads.consent:consent-library:1.0.8'
implementation 'com.google.android.play:core:1.10.3'
implementation 'com.google.guava:guava:28.2-android'
implementation project(path: ':nativetemplates')
constraints {
implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:1.8.0") {
because("kotlin-stdlib-jdk7 is now a part of kotlin-stdlib")
}
implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:1.8.0") {
because("kotlin-stdlib-jdk8 is now a part of kotlin-stdlib")
}
}
}
configurations.implementation {
exclude group: 'com.google.guava', module: 'listenablefuture'
}
protobuf {
protoc { artifact = 'com.google.protobuf:protoc:3.23.2' }
plugins {
grpc { artifact = 'io.grpc:protoc-gen-grpc-java:1.52.1' }
}
generateProtoTasks {
all().each { task ->
task.builtins{
java { option 'lite' }
}
task.plugins {
grpc { option 'lite' }
}
}
}
}
尝试删除以下行,但我得到了同样的错误:
protobuf 'com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java:3.23.2'
protobuf 'com.google.api.grpc:googleapis-common-protos:0.0.3'
gradle创建的依赖列表如下:
看来您通过
com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java
依赖于 com.google.protobuf:protobuf-javalite
和 io.grpc:grpc-protobuf-lite
。
提示在错误消息中,相关类是:
jetified-protobuf-javalite-3.21.7.jar:com/google/protobuf/Any$1.class
和 app\build\intermediates\javac\release\classes\com\google\protobuf\Any$1.class
。
请参阅 https://developer.android.com/build/dependency#view-dependency-tree 了解有关如何处理此问题的更多信息。您需要调查一下是什么在拉入多个不同的 protobuf 副本,然后找出如何消除依赖关系图。
@ejona86 帮助我解决了这个问题: https://github.com/google/protobuf-gradle-plugin/issues/731
事实证明,问题出在旧的“googleapis-common-protos:0.0.3”工件上。我已将其更新到版本 2.23.0 但仍然有问题。
然后建议我手动注入descriptor.proto; 1.
//protobuf 'com.google.api.grpc:googleapis-common-protos:0.0.3'
protobuf ('com.google.api.grpc:proto-google-common-protos:2.23.0') {
exclude group: 'com.google.protobuf'
}
这些更改之后,我的问题就消失了。 感谢@ejona86