从Python 2转换为python 3时的Python加密unicode错误

Question

我发现了一些我想要加入Python加密程序的代码。它应该加密代码的同一目录中的文件，我希望它以目标为目标。但是，它是用Python 2编写的，当我改变一些代码以适应Python 3时，我收到以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/pi/Desktop/Projects/FyleCript/Dev Files/encryption.py", line 77, in <module>
    encrypt(SHA256.new(password).digest(), str(Tfiles))
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/Crypto/Hash/SHA256.py", line 88, in new
    return SHA256Hash().new(data)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/Crypto/Hash/SHA256.py", line 75, in new
    return SHA256Hash(data)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/Crypto/Hash/SHA256.py", line 72, in __init__
    HashAlgo.__init__(self, hashFactory, data)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/Crypto/Hash/hashalgo.py", line 51, in __init__
    self.update(data)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/Crypto/Hash/hashalgo.py", line 69, in update
    return self._hash.update(data)
TypeError: Unicode-objects must be encoded before hashing

但是代码在Python 2中完美运行。我尝试在SO和Google搜索上寻找类似的问题，但没有帮助。

---

码：

#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-

#Python 
from Crypto.Hash import SHA256
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
import os, random, sys, pkg_resources

def encrypt(key, filename):
        chunksize = 64 * 1024
        outFile = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(filename), "(encrypted)"+os.path.basename(filename))
        filesize = str(os.path.getsize(filename)).zfill(16)
        IV = ''

        for i in range(16):
                IV += chr(random.randint(0, 0xFF))

        encryptor = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CBC, IV)

        with open(filename, "rb") as infile:
                with open(outFile, "wb") as outfile:
                        outfile.write(filesize)
                        outfile.write(IV)
                        while True:
                                chunk = infile.read(chunksize)

                                if len(chunk) == 0:
                                        break

                                elif len(chunk) % 16 !=0:
                                        chunk += ' ' *  (16 - (len(chunk) % 16))

                                outfile.write(encryptor.encrypt(chunk))


def decrypt(key, filename):
        outFile = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(filename), os.path.basename(filename[11:]))
        chunksize = 64 * 1024
        with open(filename, "rb") as infile:
                filesize = infile.read(16)
                IV = infile.read(16)

                decryptor = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CBC, IV)

                with open(outFile, "wb") as outfile:
                        while True:
                                chunk = infile.read(chunksize)
                                if len(chunk) == 0:
                                        break

                                outfile.write(decryptor.decrypt(chunk))

                        outfile.truncate(int(filesize))

def allfiles():
        allFiles = []
        for root, subfiles, files in os.walk(os.getcwd()):
                for names in files:
                        allFiles.append(os.path.join(root, names))

        return allFiles


choice = input("Do you want to (E)ncrypt or (D)ecrypt? ")
password = input("Enter the password: ") 

encFiles = allfiles()

if choice == "E" or 'e':
        for Tfiles in encFiles:
                if os.path.basename(Tfiles).startswith("(encrypted)"):
                        print("%s is already encrypted" %str(Tfiles))
                        pass

                elif Tfiles == os.path.join(os.getcwd(), sys.argv[0]):
                        pass
                else:
                        encrypt(SHA256.new(password).digest(), str(Tfiles))
                        print("Done encrypting %s" %str(Tfiles))
                        os.remove(Tfiles)


elif choice == "D" or 'd':
        filename = input("Enter the filename to decrypt: ")
        if not os.path.exists(filename):
                print("The file does not exist")
                sys.exit()
        elif not filename.startswith("(encrypted)"):
                print("%s is already not encrypted" %filename)
                sys.exit()
        else:
                decrypt(SHA256.new(password).digest(), filename)
                print("Done decrypting %s" %filename)
                os.remove(filename)

else:
        print("Please choose a valid command.")
        sys.exit()

任何人都可以帮我解决这个问题吗？我使用过Python 2到3工具，但它仍然无效。

另外，你能解决目录问题吗？没有必要，但我想要。

---

编辑：我用str和bytes替换了bytearray，但它返回相同的错误。

Answer 1

您的'password'变量是一个字符串，但SHA256.new需要字节（例如，允许使用unicode）。你需要的字节列在Crypto.Hash.SHA256 documentation中。

解决方案是在散列之前将密码编码为字节。这几乎就是错误消息所说的内容（如果你知道python 3中的所有字符串都是unicode对象）：

TypeError: Unicode-objects must be encoded before hashing

例如，使用utf8进行编码的解决方案：

SHA256.new(password.encode('utf8')).digest()