我的软件突然出现了一个令人讨厌的问题。我正在制作一个与另一个现有软件（游戏）交互的程序。用户报告说他以管理员权限运行游戏，在这种情况下，我的程序停止为他工作。
简短的调查显示，有些人确实需要在管理员帐户下运行游戏，有些则不需要。如果我的程序能够检测到这一点并且警告用户游戏是否在管理员帐户下运行，那将是很棒的：
如果用户单击“Elevate”，我想要求windows提升运行我的java.exe文件的jar并调用典型的UAC对话框。
显然，这次问题不是关于java更新程序而是JRE
我的问题是：这可能吗？ Windows可以提升我的java.exe实例的特权吗？ java有办法吗？或者我可以使用命令行命令吗？
我想避免重新启动程序（虽然它可能不是那么重要）。
编辑：如果您查看注释，您将看到无法避免重新启动应用程序 - 进程只能启动升级而不会升高。不幸的是，这有点改变了这个问题。基本上，现在听起来更像是：“如何使用管理员权限重新启动我的应用程序？”。当然，除非有两个java.exe共享一个罐子的技巧......
如果仍有兴趣：在Windows 7中，我的JavaElevator可以工作。当在Java应用程序的main方法中使用时，它会提升正在运行的Java进程。只需添加-elevate作为最后的程序参数，并在主方法中使用电梯。
电梯类：
package test;
import com.sun.jna.Native;
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.Kernel32;
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.Kernel32Util;
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.ShellAPI;
import com.sun.jna.platform.win32.WinDef;
/**
* Elevates a Java process to administrator rights if requested.
*/
public class JavaElevator {
/** The program argument indicating the need of being elevated */
private static final String ELEVATE_ARG = "-elevate";
/**
* If requested, elevates the Java process started with the given arguments to administrator level.
*
* @param args The Java program arguments
* @return The cleaned program arguments
*/
public static String[] elevate(String[] args) {
String[] result = args;
// Check for elevation marker.
boolean elevate = false;
if (args.length > 0) {
elevate = args[args.length - 1].equals(ELEVATE_ARG);
}
if (elevate) {
// Get the command and remove the elevation marker.
String command = System.getProperty("sun.java.command");
command = command.replace(ELEVATE_ARG, "");
// Get class path and default java home.
String classPath = System.getProperty("java.class.path");
String javaHome = System.getProperty("java.home");
String vm = javaHome + "\\bin\\java.exe";
// Check for alternate VM for elevation. Full path to the VM may be passed with: -Delevation.vm=...
if (System.getProperties().contains("elevation.vm")) {
vm = System.getProperty("elevation.vm");
}
String parameters = "-cp " + classPath;
parameters += " " + command;
Shell32.INSTANCE.ShellExecute(null, "runas", vm, parameters, null, 0);
int lastError = Kernel32.INSTANCE.GetLastError();
if (lastError != 0) {
String errorMessage = Kernel32Util.formatMessageFromLastErrorCode(lastError);
errorMessage += "\n vm: " + vm;
errorMessage += "\n parameters: " + parameters;
throw new IllegalStateException("Error performing elevation: " + lastError + ": " + errorMessage);
}
System.exit(0);
}
return result;
}
}
在Java应用程序的main方法中的用法：
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] args1 = JavaElevator.elevate(args);
if (args1.length > 0) {
// Continue as intended.
...
我知道，这是一个非常基本的实现 - 足以应对我每天的一次打嗝：从Eclipse开始升级过程。但也许它指出一些人在某种程度上...
正如评论中所指出的那样，遗憾的是Java（或任何其他进程）在运行时无法提升。虽然在JWM的情况下，理论上可以将整个程序上下文从普通用户java.exe移动到提升的一个，我认为这是不可能的。我希望有一天会有人来告诉我，我错了。
令人惊讶的是，即使重新启动，这也是一项棘手的任务，需要一段时间才能弄明白。
首先，我们如何从命令行提升程序？ There's an answer，你可以看到它并不简单。但我们可以将其分解为此VBS脚本：
Set UAC = CreateObject("Shell.Application")
UAC.ShellExecute "program name", "command line parameters", "working directory", "runas", 1
很快，它也证明了我们won't have any success running java.exe from VBS script。最后，我决定运行一个帮助程序批处理文件。最后，here（在上一个链接中回答问题）我们有一套完整的两个脚本，它们真正运行给定的.jar文件。这是改进版本，允许通过拖放Jar文件来快速测试：
' Require first command line parameter
if WScript.Arguments.Count = 0 then
MsgBox("Jar file name required.")
WScript.Quit 1
end if
' Get the script location, the directorry where it's running
Set objShell = CreateObject("Wscript.Shell")
strPath = Wscript.ScriptFullName
Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set objFile = objFSO.GetFile(strPath)
strFolder = objFSO.GetParentFolderName(objFile)
'MsgBox(strFolder)
' Create the object that serves as runnable something
Set UAC = CreateObject("Shell.Application")
' Args:
' path to executable to run
' command line parameters - first parameter of this file, which is the jar file name
' working directory (this doesn't work but I use it nevertheless)
' runas command which invokes elevation
' 0 means do not show the window. Normally, you show the window, but not this console window
' which just blinks and disappears anyway
UAC.ShellExecute "run-normally.bat", WScript.Arguments(0), strFolder, "runas", 0
WScript.Quit 0
Java部分更直接。我们需要做的是打开新进程并在其中执行准备好的脚本。
/**
* Start this very jar file elevated on Windows. It is strongly recommended to close any existing IO
* before calling this method and avoid writing anything more to files. The new instance of this same
* program will be started and simultaneous write/write or read/write would cause errors.
* @throws FileNotFoundException if the helper vbs script was not found
* @throws IOException if there was another failure inboking VBS script
*/
public void StartWithAdminRights() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
//The path to the helper script. This scripts takes 1 argument which is a Jar file full path
File runAsAdmin = new File("run-as-admin.vbs");;
//Our
String jarPath;
//System.out.println("Current relative path is: " + s);
try {
jarPath = "\""+new File(Main.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().toURI().getPath()).getAbsolutePath()+"\"";
} catch (URISyntaxException ex) {
throw new FileNotFoundException("Could not fetch the path to the current jar file. Got this URISyntax exception:"+ex);
}
//If the jar path was created but doesn't contain .jar, we're (most likely) not running from jar
//typically this happens when running the program from IDE
//These 4 lines just serve as a fallback in testing, should be deleted in production
//code and replaced with another FileNotFoundException
if(!jarPath.contains(".jar")) {
Path currentRelativePath = Paths.get("");
jarPath = "\""+currentRelativePath.toAbsolutePath().toString()+"\\AutoClient.jar\"";
}
//Now we check if the path to vbs script exists, if it does we execute it
if(runAsAdmin.exists()) {
String command = "cscript \""+runAsAdmin.getAbsolutePath()+"\" "+jarPath;
System.out.println("Executing '"+command+"'");
//Note that .exec is asynchronous
//After it starts, you must terminate your program ASAP, or you'll have 2 instances running
Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
}
else
throw new FileNotFoundException("The VBSScript used for elevation not found at "+runAsAdmin.getAbsolutePath());
}
这是我的版本。它创建一个VBScript脚本，然后执行它。这仅在正在运行的程序位于jar文件中时才有效，因此您必须以管理员身份运行IDE才能实际测试程序。
public static void relaunchAsAdmin() throws IOException {
relaunchAsAdmin(ThisClass.class); //Change ThisClass to the class that this method is in
}
public static void relaunchAsAdmin(Class<?> clazz) throws IOException {
if(isCurrentProcessElevated()) {
return;
}
final String dir = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");
final File script = new File(dir, "relaunchAsAdmin" + System.nanoTime() +
".vbs");
try {
script.createNewFile();
OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(script));
osw.append("Set s=CreateObject(\"Shell.Application\")" + ln + "s.ShellExecute \"" +
System.getProperty("java.home") + "\\bin\\java.exe" + "\",\"-jar \"\"" +
new File(clazz.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource(
).getLocation().toURI()).getAbsolutePath() + "\"\"\",,\"runas\",0" +
ln + "x=createObject(\"scripting.fileSystemObject\").deleteFile(" +
"WScript.scriptfullname)");
osw.close();
if(System.getenv("processor_architecture").equals("x86")) {
Runtime.getRuntime().exec("C:\\Windows\\System32\\wscript.exe \"" +
script.getAbsolutePath() + "\"");
} else {
Runtime.getRuntime().exec("C:\\Windows\\SysWoW64\\wscript.exe \"" +
script.getAbsolutePath() + "\"");
}
} catch(URISyntaxException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Runtime.getRuntime().exit(0);
}
请注意，它有点乱。我之前一直在使用这个方法，所以它被换行包装为100个字符（除了我为这个答案写的评论）。该
isCurrentProcessElevated()
方法必须以某种方式实施。您可以尝试使用JNI，也可以使用纯Java方法，例如在Program Files或System32目录中写入并查看是否失败。
显然，此解决方案仅适用于Windows。我从来不需要升级Linux或Mac系统（主要是因为我没有任何Mac系统，我不使用Linux - 我只是玩它）。