如何从Web URL显示“Browser-Native”对话框

Question

当用户请求我的URL时，如何在显示任何内容之前首先显示一个对话框以询问登录凭据，如下所示：

• https://pasteboard.co/I9aeDzI.png
• https://pasteboard.co/I9af5i7.png

在我看来，这些对话框是内置的或浏览器的原生对话框。此外，当用户点击提交时，它是否像普通的HTML标签一样？

如果有人可以发布有关此功能的相关文档的链接，这将是一件好事，我目前无法通过简单的Google搜索找到该链接，因为我不知道哪些关键字可以恰当地描述它。

想了解更多，包括：

1. 如何让网页显示出来？
2. 当有人点击Submit时会发生什么事（例如，它使用什么HTTP请求方法，它将调用哪个URL）？

Answer 1

这些都是用纯CSS和JavaScript制作的。

您找不到类似的东西，因为它们不是本机浏览器功能。

也许您看到许多网站使用相同的对话框，因为它们使用为该purpouse构建的模板和库。

看看这个

var $btn = document.getElementById("submit");
var $form = document.getElementById("form")

function signIn() {
  if ($form.checkValidity()) {
    $btn.classList.add('pending');
    window.setTimeout(function(){ $btn.classList.add('granted'); }, 1500);
  }
}

$btn.addEventListener("click", signIn);

@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:200,200i,300,300i,400,400i,600,600i,700,700i,900,900i|Monoton");
@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/icon?family=Material+Icons");
* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}


html {
  font-size: 14px;
}

body {
  background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #68d8d6, #ffffff);
  color: #454749;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif;
  min-height: 100vh;
}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  font-family: Monoton, sans-serif;
  margin-bottom: .5rem;
}

/**
 * Tiles
 */
.tile {
  background-color: #ffffff;
  border-radius: .1rem;
  box-shadow: 0 0.75rem 1.5rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 0.25rem 0.25rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  min-width: 320px;
  max-width: 24rem;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.tile .tile-header {
  background-image: url("https://res.cloudinary.com/dgmilxzy7/image/upload/c_scale,w_500,o_75,b_rgb:07beb8/v1506735375/CodePen/ViddenPixel.jpg");
  background-position: center;
  background-size: cover;
  height: 12rem;
}
.tile .tile-body {
  padding: 2rem;
}

/**
 * Forms
 */
.form-input {
  display: block;
  position: relative;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.form-input > .material-icons {
  position: absolute;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  top: 1.2rem;
}
.form-input > .material-icons ~ input, .form-input > .material-icons ~ .label, .form-input > .material-icons ~ .underline {
  margin-left: 2.25rem;
  width: calc(100% - 2.25rem);
}
.form-input input {
  border: none;
  box-shadow: none;
  padding-top: 1.5rem;
  padding-right: 0;
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
  padding-left: 0;
  outline-style: none;
  width: 100%;
}
.form-input input ~ .label {
  color: #868e96;
  font-size: 1rem;
  margin: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  position: absolute;
  top: 1.5rem;
  left: 0;
  transition: top .2s,font .2s;
  z-index: 1;
}
.form-input input ~ .underline {
  background-color: #bdc1c5;
  height: 1px;
  width: 100%;
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
}
.form-input input:hover ~ .underline, .form-input input:focus ~ .underline {
  background-color: #07beb8;
}
.form-input input:hover ~ .label, .form-input input:focus ~ .label {
  color: #07beb8;
}
.form-input input:focus ~ .underline {
  height: 2px;
}
.form-input input:focus ~ .label, .form-input input:valid ~ .label {
  top: 0;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.form-input input:-webkit-autofill ~ .label {
  top: 0;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}

/**
 * Buttons
 */
.btn {
  border-radius: .2rem;
  display: inline-block;
  padding-top: 0.5rem;
  padding-right: 1rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
  padding-left: 1rem;
}

.btn, [role="button"], [type="button"] {
  -ms-touch-action: manipulation;
  touch-action: manipulation;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.btn-irenic {
  background-color: #07beb8;
  color: white;
}
.btn-irenic:hover, .btn-irenic:focus, .btn-irenic:active {
  background-color: #06a5a0;
}

.btn-serene {
  background-color: #3dccc7;
  color: white;
}
.btn-serene:hover, .btn-serene:focus, .btn-serene:active {
  background-color: #32beb9;
}

.btn-tranquil {
  background-color: #68d8d6;
  color: white;
}
.btn-tranquil:hover, .btn-tranquil:focus, .btn-tranquil:active {
  background-color: #54d3d0;
}

.btn-calm {
  background-color: #9ceaef;
  color: white;
}
.btn-calm:hover, .btn-calm:focus, .btn-calm:active {
  background-color: #86e5eb;
}

.btn-cool {
  background-color: #c4fff9;
  color: white;
}
.btn-cool:hover, .btn-cool:focus, .btn-cool:active {
  background-color: #abfff6;
}

.btn-ice {
  background-color: #ffffff;
  color: white;
}
.btn-ice:hover, .btn-ice:focus, .btn-ice:active {
  background-color: #f2f2f2;
}

.btn-base {
  background-color: #454749;
  color: white;
}
.btn-base:hover, .btn-base:focus, .btn-base:active {
  background-color: #393a3c;
}

/**
 * Utilities
 */
.clearfix:after {
  content: "";
  display: table;
  clear: both;
}

.float-right {
  float: right;
}

/**
 *
 */
.submit-container {
  position: relative;
}
.submit-container #submit {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  outline: none;
  opacity: 1;
  transition: transform .1s ease-in, opacity .1s ease-in, border-radius .1s ease-in;
  right: -1px;
}
.submit-container #submit span {
  opacity: 1;
  transition: opacity .1s ease-in;
}
.submit-container #submit.pending {
  transform: scale(0.55, 1.5);
  background-color: #07beb8;
  border-radius: 50%;
  opacity: 1;
}
.submit-container #submit.pending span {
  opacity: 0;
}
.submit-container #submit.pending ~ .login-pending {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: scale(1, 1);
  z-index: 3;
}
.submit-container #submit.granted ~ .login-pending {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translate(-9rem, -11rem) scale(18, 18);
  z-index: 3;
}
.submit-container #submit.granted ~ .login-pending .spinner {
  opacity: 0;
}
.submit-container #submit.granted ~ .login-pending .login-granted-content {
  opacity: 1;
}
.submit-container .login-pending {
  height: 3rem;
  width: 3rem;
  background-color: #07beb8;
  position: absolute;
  border-radius: 50%;
  right: 1rem;
  bottom: -0.5rem;
  opacity: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  transform: translate(0, 0) scale(0.5, 0.5);
  transition: transform .2s ease-in, scale .2s ease-in;
  z-index: 1;
}
.submit-container .login-pending .login-granted-content {
  background-image: url(https://res.cloudinary.com/dgmilxzy7/image/upload/c_scale,w_700,o_25,b_rgb:07beb8/v1506735375/CodePen/ViddenPixel.jpg);
  background-position: center;
  background-size: cover;
  color: #ffffff;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  opacity: 0;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  transition: opacity .2s ease-in .2s;
  text-shadow: 0px 0px 20px #ffffff;
}
.submit-container .login-pending .login-granted-content .material-icons {
  font-size: 5px;
  position: relative;
  left: 1.25px;
}

.spinner {
  width: 3rem;
  height: 3rem;
  position: relative;
  margin: 0 auto;
}
.spinner .dot1, .spinner .dot2 {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background-color: #68d8d6;
  opacity: 0.6;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  -webkit-animation: dot-bounce 2.0s infinite ease-in-out;
  animation: dot-bounce 2.0s infinite ease-in-out;
}
.spinner .dot2 {
  -webkit-animation-delay: -1.0s;
  animation-delay: -1.0s;
}
@-webkit-keyframes dot-bounce {
  0%, 100% {
    -webkit-transform: scale(0);
  }
  50% {
    -webkit-transform: scale(1);
  }
}
@keyframes dot-bounce {
  0%, 100% {
    transform: scale(0);
    -webkit-transform: scale(0);
  }
  50% {
    transform: scale(1);
    -webkit-transform: scale(1);
  }
}
.label {
    display: inline;
    padding: .2em .6em .3em;
    font-size: 75%;
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1;
    color: #fff;
    text-align: left;
    white-space: nowrap;
    vertical-align: baseline;
    border-radius: .25em;
}

<link href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.4.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" id="bootstrap-css">
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.4.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<!------ Include the above in your HEAD tag ---------->


  <div class="tile">
  <div class="tile-header">
    <h2 style="color: white; opacity: .75; font-size: 4rem; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; height: 100%;">SIGN IN</h2>
  </div>
  
  <div class="tile-body">
    <form id="form">
      <label class="form-input">
        <i class="material-icons">person</i>
        <input type="text" autofocus="true" required />
        <span class="label">Username</span>
        <span class="underline"></span>
      </label>
      
      <label class="form-input">
        <i class="material-icons">lock</i>
        <input type="password" required />
        <span class="label">Password</span>
        <div class="underline"></div>
      </label>
      
      <div class="submit-container clearfix" style="margin-top: 2rem;">          
        <div id="submit" role="button" type="button" class="btn btn-irenic float-right" tabindex="0">
          <span>SIGN IN</span>
        </div>
        
        <div class="login-pending">
          <div class=spinner>
            <span class="dot1"></span>
            <span class="dot2"></span>
          </div>
          
          <div class="login-granted-content">
            <i class="material-icons">done</i>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </form>
  </div>
</div>