下面的条形图在 x 轴上太杂乱了。
有什么方法可以增加我的刻度吗?它不是显示 18-55 之间的每个刻度,而是增加 3 或 5(或更多)以便看起来更好?我注意到当我运行一个线图时,它会自动增加 10。**
import matplotlib as mpl
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
agesx = [18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35,
36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55]
py_devy = [20046, 17100, 20000, 24744, 30500, 37732, 41247, 45372, 48876, 53850, 57287, 63016, 65998, 70003, 70000, 71496, 75370, 83640, 84666,
84392, 78254, 85000, 87038, 91991, 100000, 94796, 97962, 93302, 99240, 102736, 112285, 100771, 104708, 108423, 101407, 112542, 122870, 120000]
js_devy = [16446, 16791, 18942, 21780, 25704, 29000, 34372, 37810, 43515, 46823, 49293, 53437, 56373, 62375, 66674, 68745, 68746, 74583, 79000,
78508, 79996, 80403, 83820, 88833, 91660, 87892, 96243, 90000, 99313, 91660, 102264, 100000, 100000, 91660, 99240, 108000, 105000, 104000]
all_devy = [17784, 16500, 18012, 20628, 25206, 30252, 34368, 38496, 42000, 46752, 49320, 53200, 56000, 62316, 64928, 67317, 68748, 73752, 77232,
78000, 78508, 79536, 82488, 88935, 90000, 90056, 95000, 90000, 91633, 91660, 98150, 98964, 100000, 98988, 100000, 108923, 105000, 103117]
width = 0.25
x_indexes = np.arange(len(agesx))
plt.xticks(ticks=x_indexes,labels=agesx)
plt.style.use("seaborn-dark")
plt.bar(x_indexes-width, all_devy, width=width, label= "All Devs")
plt.bar(x_indexes,py_devy,width=width, label= "Python Devs")
plt.bar(x_indexes + width, js_devy, width=width, label= "Javascript Dev")
plt.title("Median Developer Salaries by Age (USD)")
plt.xlabel("Ages")
plt.ylabel("Salary (USD)")
plt.tight_layout()
plt.legend()
plt.show()
这导致下图:
最初我以为我可以解决这个问题
plt.xticks(np.arange(18,55,3))
但是它会导致这个输出:
我如何修改它以使图形从 18 开始而不是从位置 18 开始刻度?
如果我们使用
matplotlib.pyplot
subplot
那么我们可以迭代 get_xticks()
并使用 agesx
索引 list-comprehension
中的标签以获得 _xticklabels
和 set
即 list
作为 xticklabels
。我们不想改变xticks
,因为第0
的xtick
应该是18
,我们要改变的是xticklabels
,而让xticks
保持原样:
import matplotlib as mpl
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
agesx = [18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35,
36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55]
py_devy = [20046, 17100, 20000, 24744, 30500, 37732, 41247, 45372, 48876, 53850, 57287, 63016, 65998, 70003, 70000, 71496, 75370, 83640, 84666,
84392, 78254, 85000, 87038, 91991, 100000, 94796, 97962, 93302, 99240, 102736, 112285, 100771, 104708, 108423, 101407, 112542, 122870, 120000]
js_devy = [16446, 16791, 18942, 21780, 25704, 29000, 34372, 37810, 43515, 46823, 49293, 53437, 56373, 62375, 66674, 68745, 68746, 74583, 79000,
78508, 79996, 80403, 83820, 88833, 91660, 87892, 96243, 90000, 99313, 91660, 102264, 100000, 100000, 91660, 99240, 108000, 105000, 104000]
all_devy = [17784, 16500, 18012, 20628, 25206, 30252, 34368, 38496, 42000, 46752, 49320, 53200, 56000, 62316, 64928, 67317, 68748, 73752, 77232,
78000, 78508, 79536, 82488, 88935, 90000, 90056, 95000, 90000, 91633, 91660, 98150, 98964, 100000, 98988, 100000, 108923, 105000, 103117]
width = 0.25
x_indexes = np.arange(len(agesx))
#plt.xticks(ticks=x_indexes,labels=agesx)
ax = plt.subplot(1, 1, 1)
plt.style.use("seaborn-dark")
ax.bar(x_indexes-width, all_devy, width=width, label= "All Devs")
ax.bar(x_indexes,py_devy,width=width, label= "Python Devs")
ax.bar(x_indexes + width, js_devy, width=width, label= "Javascript Dev")
ax.set_title("Median Developer Salaries by Age (USD)")
ax.set_xlabel("Ages")
ax.set_ylabel("Salary (USD)")
plt.tight_layout()
_xticklabels = [agesx[int(_xtick)] for _xtick in ax.get_xticks() if int(_xtick) < len(agesx)]
ax.set_xticklabels(_xticklabels)
ax.legend()
plt.show()
输出:
如果我们希望
xticklabels
在5
和10
的同时从18
开始那么我们还必须修改xticks
并使用numpy
的arange
功能,使它成为list
,insert
第0
的索引:
...
_xticks = list(np.arange(2, len(agesx), 5).astype(int))
_xticks.insert(0, 0)
ax.set_xticks(_xticks)
_xticklabels = [agesx[_xtick] for _xtick in ax.get_xticks()]
ax.set_xticklabels(_xticklabels)
...
输出:
或者如果我们想要所有其他
agesx
标签:
...
_xticks = np.arange(0, len(agesx), 2).astype(int)
ax.set_xticks(_xticks)
xticklabels = [agesx[_xtick] for _xtick in ax.get_xticks()]
ax.set_xticklabels(xticklabels)
...
输出:
但是我们不能设置
agesx
的每一个label,否则会有重叠xticklabels
:
...
_xticks = np.arange(0, len(agesx), 1).astype(int)
ax.set_xticks(_xticks)
xticklabels = [agesx[_xtick] for _xtick in ax.get_xticks()]
ax.set_xticklabels(xticklabels)
...
输出:
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
或只是plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
来增加图形的宽度。plt.xticks
# increase the figure size
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
plt.bar(x_indexes-width, all_devy, width=width, label= "All Devs")
plt.bar(x_indexes,py_devy,width=width, label= "Python Devs")
plt.bar(x_indexes + width, js_devy, width=width, label= "Javascript Dev")
_ = plt.xticks(ticks=x_indexes, labels=agesx)
plt.xticks
plt.xticks(np.arange(18, 55, 3))
不起作用,因为与线图不同,条形图刻度为 0 索引(例如 18 在索引 0 处),这可以通过使用 print(plt.gca().get_xticklabels())
查看。
plt.xticks(ticks=x_indexes, labels=agesx)
[v if i%2 == 0 else '' for i, v in enumerate(agesx)]
使用列表理解将每个其他标签设置为空字符串。
plt.bar(x_indexes-width, all_devy, width=width, label= "All Devs")
plt.bar(x_indexes,py_devy,width=width, label= "Python Devs")
plt.bar(x_indexes + width, js_devy, width=width, label= "Javascript Dev")
_ = plt.xticks(ticks=range(len(agesx)), labels=[v if i%2 == 0 else '' for i, v in enumerate(agesx)])