为什么在刷新我的 stm32f411re Nucleo 板时即使没有出现错误也没有任何反应
问题描述 投票：0回答：1
我正在尝试使用带有板载 ST-Link 和 CMake 的 Nucleo 板为 STM32f411re Cortex-M MCU 设计自己的构建系统。
除此之外，我想编写自己的 HAL 库，我知道所有这些在技术上只是我重新发明轮子，但我做所有这些主要是为了学习的目的。因为不断使用供应商 IDE 让我变得懒惰并且依赖它们来完成任何事情。
不过，我确实从 IDE 借用了以下资源来帮助我入门：
- STM32F411RETx_FLASH.ld 链接器文件
- startup_stm32f411xe.s启动文件
- gcc-arm-none-eabi.cmake cmake 文件
下面将提供这些文件中的所有代码，我没有对其进行任何修改。
请注意，上面列表中的 cmake 文件是从后面提供的代码中我的自定义 cmake 文件调用的。
我使用的编译器是 gcc-arm-none-eabi，我用来刷新目标的 cli 工具是 openocd。
当我仅使用 STMCubeIDE 生成的代码（源代码和 CMake 代码）来刷新我的设备时，我没有收到任何错误，并且我的 LED 闪烁应用程序工作得很好，所以我认为我刷新设备的方式没有任何问题。但是，当我使用自定义 Cmake 和源代码时，它会构建（CMake 和 make）并毫无问题地闪烁，机器人我应该打开 LED（LD2 连接到 PA5）的代码不起作用。
我不确定问题是否出在我的构建系统或源代码上。
我的 Cmake 文件：
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.22)
# Set the project name
set(CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME stm32_base)
# Include toolchain file
include("./gcc-arm-none-eabi.cmake")
# Set the compilers
set(ENV{CC} arm-none-eabi-gcc)
set(ENV{CXX} arm-none-eabi-g++)
# Setup compiler settings
set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 11)
set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
set(CMAKE_C_EXTENSIONS ON)
# Enable CMake support for ASM and C languages
enable_language(C ASM)
# Set compiler flags
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wall -Wextra")
# # Set output directory
# set(OUTPUT_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/out)
# Add the startup file to the project
set(STARTUP_FILE ./startup_stm32f411xe.s)
# Add source directories
set(SOURCE_DIRS
# User code
../code/source
)
# Add header directories
set(HEADER_DIRS
# User code
../code/includes
)
# Add library directories
set(LIBRARY_DIRS
# User code
../code/libraries/f411re_hal/boot
../code/libraries/f411re_hal/clock
../code/libraries/f411re_hal/gpio
../code/libraries/f411re_hal/i2c
../code/libraries/f411re_hal/spi
../code/libraries/f411re_hal/timers
../code/libraries/f411re_hal/uart)
# Collect source files
foreach(SOURCE_DIR ${SOURCE_DIRS})
file(GLOB_RECURSE SOURCE_FILES_TMP "${SOURCE_DIR}/*.c")
list(APPEND SOURCE_FILES ${SOURCE_FILES_TMP})
endforeach()
# Collect header files
foreach(HEADER_DIR ${HEADER_DIRS})
file(GLOB_RECURSE HEADER_FILES_TMP "${HEADER_DIR}/*.h")
list(APPEND HEADER_FILES ${HEADER_FILES_TMP})
endforeach()
# Collect library (h) files
foreach(LIBRARY_DIR_H ${LIBRARY_DIRS})
file(GLOB_RECURSE LIBRARY_FILES_TMP "${LIBRARY_DIR_H}/*.h")
list(APPEND LIBRARY_FILES ${LIBRARY_FILES_TMP})
endforeach()
# Collect library (c) files
foreach(LIBRARY_DIR_C ${LIBRARY_DIRS})
file(GLOB_RECURSE LIBRARY_FILES_TMP "${LIBRARY_DIR_C}/*.c")
list(APPEND LIBRARY_FILES ${LIBRARY_FILES_TMP})
endforeach()
# Include directories
include_directories(${HEADER_DIRS})
include_directories(${LIBRARY_DIRS})
project(${CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME})
# Add an executable target
add_executable(
${PROJECT_NAME}
${STARTUP_FILE}
${SOURCE_FILES}
${HEADER_FILES}
${LIBRARY_FILES})
gcc-arm-none-eabi.cmake cmake 文件：
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Generic)
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR arm)
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER_FORCED TRUE)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_FORCED TRUE)
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER_ID GNU)
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID GNU)
# Some default GCC settings
# arm-none-eabi- must be part of path environment
set(TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX arm-none-eabi-)
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER ${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}gcc)
set(CMAKE_ASM_COMPILER ${CMAKE_C_COMPILER})
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER ${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}g++)
set(CMAKE_LINKER ${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}g++)
set(CMAKE_OBJCOPY ${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}objcopy)
set(CMAKE_SIZE ${TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX}size)
set(CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX_ASM ".elf")
set(CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX_C ".elf")
set(CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_SUFFIX_CXX ".elf")
set(CMAKE_TRY_COMPILE_TARGET_TYPE STATIC_LIBRARY)
# MCU specific flags
set(TARGET_FLAGS "-mcpu=cortex-m4 -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard ")
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} ${TARGET_FLAGS}")
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections")
if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES Debug)
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -O0 -g3")
endif()
if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE MATCHES Release)
set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Os -g0")
endif()
set(CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -x assembler-with-cpp -MMD -MP")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions -fno-threadsafe-statics")
set(CMAKE_C_LINK_FLAGS "${TARGET_FLAGS}")
set(CMAKE_C_LINK_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_LINK_FLAGS} -T \"${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/STM32F411RETx_FLASH.ld\"")
set(CMAKE_C_LINK_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_LINK_FLAGS} --specs=nano.specs")
set(CMAKE_C_LINK_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_LINK_FLAGS} -Wl,-Map=${CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME}.map -Wl,--gc-sections")
set(CMAKE_C_LINK_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_LINK_FLAGS} -Wl,--start-group -lc -lm -Wl,--end-group")
set(CMAKE_C_LINK_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_LINK_FLAGS} -Wl,--print-memory-usage")
set(CMAKE_CXX_LINK_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_LINK_FLAGS} -Wl,--start-group -lstdc++ -lsupc++ -Wl,--end-group")
startup_stm32f411xe.s启动文件：
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file startup_stm32f411xe.s
* @author MCD Application Team
* @brief STM32F411xExx Devices vector table for GCC based toolchains.
* This module performs:
* - Set the initial SP
* - Set the initial PC == Reset_Handler,
* - Set the vector table entries with the exceptions ISR address
* - Branches to main in the C library (which eventually
* calls main()).
* After Reset the Cortex-M4 processor is in Thread mode,
* priority is Privileged, and the Stack is set to Main.
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2017 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
.syntax unified
.cpu cortex-m4
.fpu softvfp
.thumb
.global g_pfnVectors
.global Default_Handler
/* start address for the initialization values of the .data section.
defined in linker script */
.word _sidata
/* start address for the .data section. defined in linker script */
.word _sdata
/* end address for the .data section. defined in linker script */
.word _edata
/* start address for the .bss section. defined in linker script */
.word _sbss
/* end address for the .bss section. defined in linker script */
.word _ebss
/* stack used for SystemInit_ExtMemCtl; always internal RAM used */
/**
* @brief This is the code that gets called when the processor first
* starts execution following a reset event. Only the absolutely
* necessary set is performed, after which the application
* supplied main() routine is called.
* @param None
* @retval : None
*/
.section .text.Reset_Handler
.weak Reset_Handler
.type Reset_Handler, %function
Reset_Handler:
ldr sp, =_estack /* set stack pointer */
/* Call the clock system initialization function.*/
bl SystemInit
/* Copy the data segment initializers from flash to SRAM */
ldr r0, =_sdata
ldr r1, =_edata
ldr r2, =_sidata
movs r3, #0
b LoopCopyDataInit
CopyDataInit:
ldr r4, [r2, r3]
str r4, [r0, r3]
adds r3, r3, #4
LoopCopyDataInit:
adds r4, r0, r3
cmp r4, r1
bcc CopyDataInit
/* Zero fill the bss segment. */
ldr r2, =_sbss
ldr r4, =_ebss
movs r3, #0
b LoopFillZerobss
FillZerobss:
str r3, [r2]
adds r2, r2, #4
LoopFillZerobss:
cmp r2, r4
bcc FillZerobss
/* Call static constructors */
bl __libc_init_array
/* Call the application's entry point.*/
bl main
bx lr
.size Reset_Handler, .-Reset_Handler
/**
* @brief This is the code that gets called when the processor receives an
* unexpected interrupt. This simply enters an infinite loop, preserving
* the system state for examination by a debugger.
* @param None
* @retval None
*/
.section .text.Default_Handler,"ax",%progbits
Default_Handler:
Infinite_Loop:
b Infinite_Loop
.size Default_Handler, .-Default_Handler
/******************************************************************************
*
* The minimal vector table for a Cortex M3. Note that the proper constructs
* must be placed on this to ensure that it ends up at physical address
* 0x0000.0000.
*
*******************************************************************************/
.section .isr_vector,"a",%progbits
.type g_pfnVectors, %object
g_pfnVectors:
**Note some .word declarations were removed to meat the maximum word count.
.word USART2_IRQHandler /* USART2 */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word EXTI15_10_IRQHandler /* External Line[15:10]s */
.word RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler /* RTC Alarm (A and B) through EXTI Line */
.word OTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler /* USB OTG FS Wakeup through EXTI line */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler /* DMA1 Stream7 */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word SDIO_IRQHandler /* SDIO */
.word TIM5_IRQHandler /* TIM5 */
.word SPI3_IRQHandler /* SPI3 */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler /* DMA2 Stream 0 */
.word DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler /* DMA2 Stream 1 */
.word DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler /* DMA2 Stream 2 */
.word DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler /* DMA2 Stream 3 */
.word DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler /* DMA2 Stream 4 */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word OTG_FS_IRQHandler /* USB OTG FS */
.word DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler /* DMA2 Stream 5 */
.word DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler /* DMA2 Stream 6 */
.word DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler /* DMA2 Stream 7 */
.word USART6_IRQHandler /* USART6 */
.word I2C3_EV_IRQHandler /* I2C3 event */
.word I2C3_ER_IRQHandler /* I2C3 error */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word FPU_IRQHandler /* FPU */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word 0 /* Reserved */
.word SPI4_IRQHandler /* SPI4 */
.word SPI5_IRQHandler /* SPI5 */
.size g_pfnVectors, .-g_pfnVectors
/*******************************************************************************
*
* Provide weak aliases for each Exception handler to the Default_Handler.
* As they are weak aliases, any function with the same name will override
* this definition.
*
*******************************************************************************/
.weak NMI_Handler
.thumb_set NMI_Handler,Default_Handler
.weak HardFault_Handler
.thumb_set HardFault_Handler,Default_Handler
.weak MemManage_Handler
.thumb_set MemManage_Handler,Default_Handler
.weak BusFault_Handler
.thumb_set BusFault_Handler,Default_Handler
.weak UsageFault_Handler
.thumb_set UsageFault_Handler,Default_Handler
.weak SVC_Handler
.thumb_set SVC_Handler,Default_Handler
.weak DebugMon_Handler
.thumb_set DebugMon_Handler,Default_Handler
.weak PendSV_Handler
.thumb_set PendSV_Handler,Default_Handler
.weak SysTick_Handler
.thumb_set SysTick_Handler,Default_Handler
.weak WWDG_IRQHandler
.thumb_set WWDG_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak PVD_IRQHandler
.thumb_set PVD_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler
.thumb_set RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak FLASH_IRQHandler
.thumb_set FLASH_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak RCC_IRQHandler
.thumb_set RCC_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak EXTI0_IRQHandler
.thumb_set EXTI0_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak EXTI1_IRQHandler
.thumb_set EXTI1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak EXTI2_IRQHandler
.thumb_set EXTI2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak EXTI3_IRQHandler
.thumb_set EXTI3_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak EXTI4_IRQHandler
.thumb_set EXTI4_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak ADC_IRQHandler
.thumb_set ADC_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak EXTI9_5_IRQHandler
.thumb_set EXTI9_5_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM1_CC_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM1_CC_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM2_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM3_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM3_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM4_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM4_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak I2C1_EV_IRQHandler
.thumb_set I2C1_EV_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak I2C1_ER_IRQHandler
.thumb_set I2C1_ER_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak I2C2_EV_IRQHandler
.thumb_set I2C2_EV_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak I2C2_ER_IRQHandler
.thumb_set I2C2_ER_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak SPI1_IRQHandler
.thumb_set SPI1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak SPI2_IRQHandler
.thumb_set SPI2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak USART1_IRQHandler
.thumb_set USART1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak USART2_IRQHandler
.thumb_set USART2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak EXTI15_10_IRQHandler
.thumb_set EXTI15_10_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler
.thumb_set RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak OTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler
.thumb_set OTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak SDIO_IRQHandler
.thumb_set SDIO_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak TIM5_IRQHandler
.thumb_set TIM5_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak SPI3_IRQHandler
.thumb_set SPI3_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak OTG_FS_IRQHandler
.thumb_set OTG_FS_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler
.thumb_set DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak USART6_IRQHandler
.thumb_set USART6_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak I2C3_EV_IRQHandler
.thumb_set I2C3_EV_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak I2C3_ER_IRQHandler
.thumb_set I2C3_ER_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak FPU_IRQHandler
.thumb_set FPU_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak SPI4_IRQHandler
.thumb_set SPI4_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
.weak SPI5_IRQHandler
.thumb_set SPI5_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
我的main.c文件：
#include <stdint.h>
// Start address in memory for each GPIO registers
//------------------------------------------------
#define GPIO_PORT_A 0x40020000
#define GPIO_PORT_B 0x40020400
#define GPIO_PORT_C 0x40020800
#define GPIO_PORT_D 0x40020C00
#define GPIO_PORT_E 0x40021000
#define GPIO_PORT_H 0x40021400
// Offset for each GPIO set-up register
//-------------------------------------
#define GPIOx_MODER_OFFSET 0x00
#define GPIOx_OTYPER_OFFSET 0x04
#define GPIOx_OSPEEDR_OFFSET 0x08
#define GPIOx_PUPDR_OFFSET 0x0C
#define GPIOx_IDR_OFFSET 0x10
#define GPIOx_ODR_OFFSET 0x14
#define GPIOx_BSRR_OFFSET 0x18
#define GPIOx_LCKR_OFFSET 0x1C
#define GPIOx_AFRL_OFFSET 0x20
#define GPIOx_AFRH_OFFSET 0x24
// Pin numbers that can be used
//-----------------------------
#define PIN_0 0x00
#define PIN_1 0x01
#define PIN_2 0x02
#define PIN_3 0x03
#define PIN_4 0x04
#define PIN_5 0x05
#define PIN_6 0x06
#define PIN_7 0x07
#define PIN_8 0x08
#define PIN_9 0x09
#define PIN_10 0x0A
#define PIN_11 0x0B
#define PIN_12 0x0C
#define PIN_13 0x0D
#define PIN_14 0x0E
#define PIN_15 0x0F
// Different pin modes to select
//------------------------------
#define OUT_OPEN_DRAIN 0x0 // Digital output with open drain
#define OUT_PUSH_PULL 0x1 // Digital output with push-pull
#define IN_PULL_UP 0x2 // Digital input with pull up resistor
#define IN_PULL_DOWN 0x3 // Digital input with pull down resistor
#define IN_R_NONE 0x4 // Digital input without pull up or down resistor
void GPIOx_SETUP (uint32_t, uint8_t, uint8_t);
void Drive_Pin_High(uint32_t, uint8_t);
// Set pin as push-pull output
void __Set_Out_Push_Pull (uint32_t port, uint8_t pin) {
*(volatile unsigned int *)(port + GPIOx_MODER_OFFSET) |= (1UL << (pin * 2));
*(volatile unsigned int *)(port + GPIOx_OTYPER_OFFSET) |= (0UL << pin);
*(volatile unsigned int *)(port + GPIOx_OSPEEDR_OFFSET) |= (1UL << (pin * 2));
*(volatile unsigned int *)(port + GPIOx_PUPDR_OFFSET) &= ~(3UL << (pin * 2));
}
// Drive output pin high
void Drive_Pin_High(uint32_t port, uint8_t pin) {
*(volatile unsigned int *)(port + GPIOx_ODR_OFFSET) |= (1UL << pin);
}
// Setup induvidual pin
void GPIOx_SETUP (uint32_t port, uint8_t pin, uint8_t mode) {
switch (mode) {
case OUT_PUSH_PULL:
__Set_Out_Push_Pull (port, pin);
break;
}
}
/** @note:
* This function us used to initiate certain system parameters
* such as the system clock and certain other perepherals
* */
void SystemInit (void) { // This funtion had te be added because the startup file required it
// For now use startup clock settings
}
int main (void) {
SystemInit();
GPIOx_SETUP(GPIO_PORT_A, PIN_5, OUT_PUSH_PULL);
Drive_Pin_High(GPIO_PORT_A, PIN_5);
while (1) {
// NOP for now
}
return 0;
}
注意，所有 C 代码都添加到一个文件中，以便于阅读。
不幸的是，我没有显示任何错误，因为在上述任何步骤中我都没有得到任何错误。
1个回答
0
投票
投票
您的 GPIO 初始化不完整。没有任何东西可以启用 GPIOA 外设时钟：
[...]
您需要先执行此操作，然后才能访问任何 GPIOA 寄存器。
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