我正在尝试在Ubuntu 11.04（Natty Narwhal）上运行的64位计算机上安装MPICH 2。我用过
sudo apt-get install mpich2
首先，我很惊讶地发现未安装mpd。在Google上查找时，我看到Hydra是新的默认程序包管理器。所以我尝试运行我的MPI代码。我收到以下错误。
> -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> [ip-10-99-75-58:02212] [[INVALID],INVALID] ORTE_ERROR_LOG: A
> system-required executable either could not be found or was not
> executable by this user in file
> ../../../../../../orte/mca/ess/singleton/ess_singleton_module.c at
> line 357 [ip-10-99-75-58:02212] [[INVALID],INVALID] ORTE_ERROR_LOG: A
> system-required executable either could not be found or was not
> executable by this user in file
> ../../../../../../orte/mca/ess/singleton/ess_singleton_module.c at
> line 230 [ip-10-99-75-58:02212] [[INVALID],INVALID] ORTE_ERROR_LOG: A
> system-required executable either could not be found or was not
> executable by this user in file ../../../orte/runtime/orte_init.c at
> line 132
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
> It looks like orte_init failed for some reason; your parallel process
> is likely to abort. There are many reasons that a parallel process
> can fail during orte_init; some of which are due to configuration or
> environment problems. This failure appears to be an internal failure;
> here's some additional information (which may only be relevant to an
> Open MPI developer):
>
> orte_ess_set_name failed --> Returned value A system-required
> executable either could not be found or was not executable by this
> user (-127) instead of ORTE_SUCCESS
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
> It looks like MPI_INIT failed for some reason; your parallel process
> is likely to abort. There are many reasons that a parallel process
> can fail during MPI_INIT; some of which are due to configuration or
> environment problems. This failure appears to be an internal failure;
> here's some additional information (which may only be relevant to an
> Open MPI developer):
>
> ompi_mpi_init: orte_init failed --> Returned "A system-required
> executable either could not be found or was not executable by this
> user" (-127) instead of "Success" (0)
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
> *** The MPI_Init() function was called before MPI_INIT was invoked.
> *** This is disallowed by the MPI standard.
> *** Your MPI job will now abort.
> -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
首先，在我看来，它是Open MPI错误。但是我安装了MPICH 2而不是打开MPI。
其次，由于所有帮助似乎都针对Open MPI用户，因此我正在解决该问题。我想念什么吗？
我在Ubuntu 12.04上有同样的问题。我发现我的问题是因为我的计算机上同时装有open-mpi和mpich2。当我使用mpicc编译程序时，它将链接到open-mpi而不是mpich2。要解决此问题，可以使用“ mpicc.mpich2”编译程序，然后使用“ mpiexec.mpich2”执行代码。
实际上，这些错误消息都是Open MPI错误。由于某种原因，您似乎在某处还安装了（错误配置的）Open MPI副本。您可以通过运行mpiexec来检查在键入which mpiexec时正在执行的特定文件。我相信您可以将其与以下结果进行比较：
dpkg --listfiles mpich2
（或类似名称），以便确定MPICH2软件包的安装位置。
我遇到了这种情况，然后发现了问题。在启动过程中，系统上的某个位置LD_PRELOAD设置为指向OpenMPI中的libmpi.so。
示例：
export LD_PRELOAD=<some_directory>/openmpi/1.4.4/lib/libmpi.so
结果是MPICH2失败。只需在运行MPICH2之前先“取消设置LD_PRELOAD”，问题就会消失。
注意，有时有时需要将LD_PRELOAD设置为OpenMPI的libmpi.so，OpenMPI才能正常工作，因此取消设置可能会破坏您的OpenMPI。如果需要使用OpenMPI，请记住要重置它。
主作业正常终止，但是返回了1个进程非零退出代码。按照用户的指示，作业已中止。