我已经完成了在python(3.1)中创建一个函数的任务,该函数将采用CIDR表示法并返回可能的ip地址列表。我查看了python.org并发现了这个:http://docs.python.org/dev/py3k/library/ipaddr.html
但我还没有看到任何可以满足这种需求的东西......我会非常感激任何人都愿意帮助我的方式。提前致谢。 :-)
如果您没有使用内置模块,那么有一个名为netaddr的项目,它是我用于处理IP网络的最佳模块。
看看IP Tutorial,它说明了它如何轻松地与网络协作并识别其IP。简单的例子:
>>> from netaddr import IPNetwork
>>> for ip in IPNetwork('192.0.2.0/23'):
... print '%s' % ip
...
192.0.2.0
192.0.2.1
192.0.2.2
192.0.2.3
...
192.0.3.252
192.0.3.253
192.0.3.254
192.0.3.255
在Python 3中就像
>>> import ipaddress
>>> [str(ip) for ip in ipaddress.IPv4Network('192.0.2.0/28')]
['192.0.2.0', '192.0.2.1', '192.0.2.2',
'192.0.2.3', '192.0.2.4', '192.0.2.5',
'192.0.2.6', '192.0.2.7', '192.0.2.8',
'192.0.2.9', '192.0.2.10', '192.0.2.11',
'192.0.2.12', '192.0.2.13', '192.0.2.14',
'192.0.2.15']
我宁愿做一些数学而不是安装一个外部模块,没有人和我有同样的味道?
#!/usr/bin/env python
# python cidr.py 192.168.1.1/24
import sys, struct, socket
(ip, cidr) = sys.argv[1].split('/')
cidr = int(cidr)
host_bits = 32 - cidr
i = struct.unpack('>I', socket.inet_aton(ip))[0] # note the endianness
start = (i >> host_bits) << host_bits # clear the host bits
end = start | ((1 << host_bits) - 1)
# excludes the first and last address in the subnet
for i in range(start, end):
print(socket.inet_ntoa(struct.pack('>I',i)))
你检查过iptools
吗?这似乎是一个相当不错的选择。
它不在文档中,但浏览源代码表明ipaddr
实现了__iter__
和iterhosts
,这正是你想要的。
呃,没关系。
ipaddr.py
在3.1 beta中添加到stdlib,但是被3.1 rc删除了。你可以捆绑后者。
下面的代码将生成提供IP和子网的IP范围。展开CIDR表示法,如(255.255.255.0)
from netaddr import *
def getFirstIp(ipAddress,subnet):
ipBin = IPNetwork(ipAddress).ip.bits().split('.')
subBin = IPNetwork(subnet).ip.bits().split('.')
zipped = zip(ipBin,subBin)
netIdList = []
for octets in zipped:
netIdList.append(''.join(str(b) for b in (map((lambda x: int(x[0])*int(x[1])),zip(list(octets[0]),list(octets[1]))))))
firstIp = ''
firstIp = '.'.join(str(int(oct,2)) for oct in netIdList)
return firstIp
def getLastIp(ipAddress,subnet):
ipBin = IPNetwork(ipAddress).ip.bits().split('.')
subBin = IPNetwork(subnet).ip.bits().split('.')
#print ipBin
#print subBin
revsubBin = []
for octets in subBin:
revB = ''.join('1' if(b == '0') else '0' for b in octets)
revsubBin.append(revB)
zipped = zip(ipBin,revsubBin)
netIdList = []
for octets in zipped:
netIdList.append(''.join(str(b) for b in (map((lambda x: 0 if(int(x[0]) == 0 and int(x[1]) == 0) else 1),zip(list(octets[0]),list(octets[1]))))))
#print netIdList
lastIp = ''
lastIp = '.'.join(str(int(oct,2)) for oct in netIdList)
return lastIp
def getRangeOfIps(firstIp,lastIp):
start= int(IPAddress(firstIp))
end = int(IPAddress(lastIp))
ipList = []
for ip in range(start,end+1):
ipList.append(str(IPAddress(ip)))
return ipList
def manipulateIP():
firstIp = getFirstIp(ipAddress,subnet)
lastIp = getLastIp(ipAddress,subnet)
ipList = getRangeOfIps(firstIp,lastIp)
print ipList
https://github.com/stephenlb/geo-ip将生成包括地点在内的有效IP公共地址列表。
'1.0.0.0/8'
到'191.0.0.0/8'
是有效的公共IP地址范围,不包括保留的专用IP地址。
生成IP地址和关联的地理信息的JSON转储。请注意,有效的公共IP地址范围是从'1.0.0.0/8'
到'191.0.0.0/8'
,不包括本自述文件中较低的保留的专用IP地址范围。
docker build -t geo-ip .
docker run -e IPRANGE='54.0.0.0/30' geo-ip ## a few IPs
docker run -e IPRANGE='54.0.0.0/26' geo-ip ## a few more IPs
docker run -e IPRANGE='54.0.0.0/16' geo-ip ## a lot more IPs
docker run -e IPRANGE='0.0.0.0/0' geo-ip ## ALL IPs ( slooooowwwwww )
docker run -e IPRANGE='0.0.0.0/0' geo-ip > geo-ip.json ## ALL IPs saved to JSON File
docker run geo-ip
扫描所有有效公共地址的速度更快一些:
for i in $(seq 1 191); do \
docker run -e IPRANGE="$i.0.0.0/8" geo-ip; \
sleep 1; \
done
这会向STDOUT打印少于4,228,250,625个JSON行。以下是其中一行的示例:
{"city": "Palo Alto", "ip": "0.0.0.0", "longitude": -122.1274,
"continent": "North America", "continent_code": "NA",
"state": "California", "country": "United States", "latitude": 37.418,
"iso_code": "US", "state_code": "CA", "aso": "PubNub",
"asn": "11404", "zip_code": "94107"}
上面的repo中的dockerfile将根据维基百科文章的指南排除不可用的IP地址:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserved_IP_addresses
dockerfile导入https://www.maxmind.com/en/home提供的免费公共数据库