查找具有特定标题的列，这些标题可能使用不同的拼写

Question

晚上好。我正在为一个项目开发一个子例程，用户可以通过该子例程将特定数据从单独的工作簿上载到母版中。该例程将在选定的excel文件中搜索特定的列标题，并且仅将那些所需的列复制/粘贴到主表中。这是我的第一个编码项目，我认为我的处理过程基本上是经过排序的，但是有一些功能使我难以理解：无论工作簿如何，特定的列标题都差不多，只是它们的全名和缩写可能有所不同。例如，该列的标题可以是“ AZM”，也可以是“ Azimuth”。或者，一个列标题可以是“ N / S”，“ Northing”或“ NS”。这些标题永远不会有多个，只有工作簿创建者决定使用的格式的一个。

我当前的代码当前未解决该问题：

Private Sub CommandButton1_Click()
Application.ScreenUpdating = False
    Dim wb As Workbook
    Dim filename As String, colName As String
    Dim LRow As Long, LCol As Long
    Dim pColName As String, MyHead(1 To 8) As String
    Dim sCell As Range, PRng As Range
    Dim col As Long, pCol As Long


    MsgBox "Ensure plan includes MD/INC/AZM/TVD/NS/EW/VS/DLS"
    With Application.FileDialog(msoFileDialogOpen)                                                                          'Open file explorer

        .AllowMultiSelect = False                                                                                           'Only allow one file to be chosen
        .Filters.Add "Excel Files", "*.xlsx; *.xlsm; *.xls; *.xlsb", 1                                                      'Limit selection options to excel files

        If .Show Then

            filename = .SelectedItems(1)                                                                                    'Assign file path to variable filename

            Set wb = Workbooks.Open(filename:=filename)                                                                     'Set selected Excel file to variable wb

            MyHead(1) = "MD"
            MyHead(2) = "Inc"
            MyHead(3) = "Azimuth"
            MyHead(4) = "TVD"
            MyHead(5) = "N/S"
            MyHead(6) = "E/W"
            MyHead(7) = "VS"
            MyHead(8) = "DLS"

            If Not IsEmpty(ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("5D-Lite").Range("M33")) Then
                LRow = Cells(Rows.Count, 13).End(xlUp).Row                                                                  'Find the last row of data in column M from previous plan
                LCol = Cells(LRow, Columns.Count).End(xlToLeft).Column                                                      'Find the last column of data in the last row
                ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("5D-Lite").Range("M33:" & Col_Letter(LCol) & LRow).ClearContents                    'Clear the contents of the range determined by the Last functions
            End If

            With wb.Worksheets(1)
                For i = LBound(MyHead) To UBound(MyHead)
                    Set sCell = .Range("A1:R50").Find(What:=MyHead(i), LookIn:=xlValues, LookAt:=xlWhole, _
                    SearchOrder:=xlByRows, MatchCase:=False, SearchFormat:=False)                                           'Search for the desired directional plan items in column headers

                    If Not sCell Is Nothing Then
                        col = sCell.Column                                                                                  'Located item's column number
                        pCol = i + 12                                                                                       'Column number in master workbook to paste in
                        colName = Split(.Cells(, col).Address, "$")(1)                                                      'Located item's column letter
                        pColName = Split(.Cells(, pCol).Address, "$")(1)                                                    'Column letter in master workbook to paste in
                        LRow = FindLastNumeric()                                                                            'Find the final row with numeric data
                        Set PRng = .Range(sCell.Address & ":" & colName & LRow)                                             'Set total data range of desired column

                        wb.Activate
                        wb.Worksheets(1).Range(PRng.Address).Copy ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("5D-Lite").Range(pColName & "32") 'Copy contents of selected file to the 5D sheet
                    End If
                Next
                Range("M32:T" & LRow + 33).NumberFormat = "0.00"                                                            'Assigns numeric formatting to the pasted data range
                wb.Close SaveChanges:=False
                Set wb = Nothing
            End With

        Else
        MsgBox "No Plan Selected"
        End If
    End With
Application.ScreenUpdating = True
End Sub

是否有任何方法可以修改.Find函数或MyHead（i）变量，以解决同一标头名称上的多种可能的变化？感谢您的任何想法。

Answer 1

在我看来，您需要准备某种字典。一个简单的解决方案是拥有一个存储所有信息的Excel表，该表在启动时存储在数组中（用于快速参考），然后用于将输入转换为输出。它可能看起来像这样：

    POSSIBLE_SOURCE      VALID_NAME
    appl                 apple
    apple                apple
    orng                 orange
    orange               orange

要使用此方法，您将在源文件中的POSSIBLE_SOURCE列中搜索匹配项，在VALID_NAME列中找到相应的值，并将后者用于您需要对输入行进行的操作。