如何使用Python Paramiko通过SSH连接到Cisco交换机

Question

我想编写一个Python脚本来创建一个连接来交换Cisco。我使用了Python的Paramiko模块，但是它返回连接错误。

代码：

import paramiko
client=paramiko.SSHClient()
client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
client.connect(hostname='192.168.1.2', username='cisco',password='cisco')

它返回此错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/nicola/.PyCharmCE2019.3/config/scratches/cisco.py", line 11, in <module>
    client.connect(hostname='192.168.1.2', username='cisco',password='cisco')
  File "/home/nicola/PycharmProjects/cisco/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 446, in connect
    passphrase,
  File "/home/nicola/PycharmProjects/cisco/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 764, in _auth
    raise saved_exception
  File "/home/nicola/PycharmProjects/cisco/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 751, in _auth
    self._transport.auth_password(username, password)
  File "/home/nicola/PycharmProjects/cisco/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/paramiko/transport.py", line 1509, in auth_password
    return self.auth_handler.wait_for_response(my_event)
  File "/home/nicola/PycharmProjects/cisco/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/paramiko/auth_handler.py", line 250, in wait_for_response
    raise e
paramiko.ssh_exception.BadAuthenticationType: Bad authentication type; allowed types: ['publickey']

Answer 1

[将其复制到计算机后，尝试使用路由器生成的ssh密钥。

import paramiko
client=paramiko.SSHClient()
client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
client.connect(hostname='192.168.1.2', key_filename=<your path to key>)

Answer 2

我已经使用了Linux /home/$USER/.ssh/known_host的文件。

这是错误

raise SSHException("not a valid {} private key file".format(tag))
paramiko.ssh_exception.SSHException: not a valid OPENSSH private key       
file

Answer 3

我已经解决了RSA密钥的错误。现在，python通过此命令接受RSA密钥

key=paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(filename='/home/nicola`/.ssh/sg500.pem')`

但是首先我必须创建一个RSA认证的pem密钥文件

ssh-keygen -f known_hosts -m pem

在knownhosts文件中，仅保存了设备的RSA密钥

现在我运行命令时出现另一个错误

client.connect(hostname='192.168.1.2',port=22,username='cisco',password='cisco',pkey=key)

错误

  Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/nicola/PycharmProjects/cisco/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 416, in connect
    self, server_hostkey_name, server_key
  File "/home/nicola/PycharmProjects/cisco/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 824, in missing_host_key
    "Server {!r} not found in known_hosts".format(hostname)
paramiko.ssh_exception.SSHException: Server '192.168.1.2' not found in known_hosts